Lesson 6 | Midterm Flashcards
Health Assessment
Physical assessment of the skin, hair, and nails provides data that may reveal local (?) or systemic problems
Health assessment
General survey is the inspection and palpation on what areas?
- Color
- Nails
- Hair
- Skin lesion
- Skin moisture
- Mobility and turgor
Loss of color
Pallor
What range of color does pallor present?
Pale-ashen
Most common cause/s of pallor
Decreased blood supply, anemia
Bluish discoloration
Cyanosis
Most common cause/s of cyanosis
Cardiopulmonary problems
Vasoconstriction
Lack of O2 in the blood
This may also cause the reddish color in the skin
O2
Yellow skin tone
Jaundice
Most common cause/s of jaundice
Liver disease
Problems in gallbladder or pancreas
Waste product that causes yellow pigment of patients with jaundice
Bilirubin
From the breakdown of RBC and should be filtered by the liver
Bilirubin
Increased blood flow associated with infection/ inflammation, itchiness
Redness
Other term for redness
Erythema
Most common causes/s for redness
Infection/ inflammation
Itchiness
Abnormal findings in terms of color
- Pallor
- Cyanosis
- Jaundice
- Redness/ Erythema
What are inspected in the nails?
Cleanliness
Nail color
Markings
Shape
What can be observed from a normal nail?
Thin, pinkish, has vertical markings
Appear as non-uniform white spots
Leukonychia
Most common cause/s of Leukonychia
Trauma
Vitamin deficiency
Transverse, white lines
Mee’s Lines
Most common cause/s for Mee’s Lines
Cancer
Chemotherapy
Arsenic poisoning
Discoloration, pitting, and changes in the structure of the nails
Psoriasis
Most common cause/s for psoriasis in the nails
Autoimmune problems
Psoriasis is the (1), (2), and changes in the (3) of the nails
- discoloration
- pitting
- structure
Functions as a natural defense attacking foreign objects
Autoimmune
Horizontal indentations across the nail
Beau’s lines
Most common cause/s for Beau’s lines
Serious illness
Trauma
Nails appear wider or swollen like an upsidedown spoon
Clubbing
Most common cause/s for clubbing
Heart and lung problems