Lesson 3 - 孔子

Question 1

論語

Answer 1

lun2yu3

the Confucian Analects.

Question 2

子

Answer 2

zi3

an honorific form of address meaning “the master”. In the 論語 it always refers Confucius

Question 3

時

Answer 3

shi2

one time; from time to time

Question 4

習

Answer 4

xi2

to review and practice

Question 5

朋

Answer 5

Peng2

a friend

Question 6

遠方

Answer 6

yuan3fang1

a distant place

Question 7

樂

Answer 7

le4

happy; delightful

Question 8

人

Answer 8

ren2

people; others

Question 9

知

Answer 9

zhi1

to know; to acknowledge

Question 10

慍

Answer 10

yun4

to be irritated; to be angry

Question 11

君子

Answer 11

jun1zi3

a noble minded man

Question 12

學而

Answer 12

xue2er2

a chapter in the 論語

Question 13

曾子

Answer 13

zeng1zi3

a well-known disciple of Confucius named Zeng Shen

Question 14

日

Answer 14

ri4

day; daily; every day

Question 15

三

Answer 15

san1

three; several times

Question 16

省

Answer 16

xing3

to examine; to reflect upon

Question 17

身

Answer 17

shen1

oneself

Question 18

為

Answer 18

wei4

for

Question 19

謀

Answer 19

mou2

to plan

Question 20

忠

Answer 20

zhong1

devoted; (in modern Chinese it means loyal)

Question 21

交

Answer 21

jiao1

to associate; to have mutual contacts

Question 22

信

Answer 22

xin4

faithful; trustworthy

Question 23

傳

Answer 23

chuan2

to pass on; teachings passed down by one’s teacher

Question 24

子貢

Answer 24

zi3gong4

a disciple of Confucius, particularly known for his business talents

Question 25

孔文子

Answer 25

kong3wen2zi3

a lord of the state of wei4 衛

Question 26

何以

Answer 26

he2yi3

what for; why?

Question 27

謂

Answer 27

wei4

to call

Question 28

敏

Answer 28

min3

intelligent

Question 29

恥

Answer 29

chi3

shame; disgrace; to feel ashamed of

Question 30

下問

Answer 30

xia4wen4

to ask for advice or instruction from subordinates

Question 31

是以

Answer 31

shi4yi3

therefore

Question 32

公冶長

Answer 32

gong1ye3 chang2

the name of a disciple of Confucius, also the name of a chapter in the 論語

Question 33

若

Answer 33

ruo4

as to

Question 34

聖

Answer 34

sheng4

sageliness; the ultimate level of personal cultivation

Question 35

與

Answer 35

yu3

and

Question 36

仁

Answer 36

ren2

perfect virtue; medemenselijkheid

Question 37

則

Answer 37

ze2

then

Question 38

豈

Answer 38

qi3

how could it be that….?; marks a rhetorical question

Question 39

敢

Answer 39

gan3

to dare; to be daring

Question 40

抑

Answer 40

yi4
or; rather
- this particle expresses the possibility of alternatives to what was just mentioned

Question 41

為

Answer 41

wei2
to do (something)

Question 42

壓

Answer 42

yan4

satisfied; tired (of something)

Question 43

為之不壓

Answer 43

we2zhi1bu2yan4

to practice them (referring to 仁 and 聖)

Question 44

誨

Answer 44

hui4

to teach

Question 45

倦

Answer 45

juan4

tired; weary

Question 46

誨人不倦

Answer 46

hui4ren2bu2juan4

to teach other people without weariness

Question 47

云爾

Answer 47

yun2er3

to say that; to call it such

Question 48

已

Answer 48

yi3

just this and nothing more (a particle of limitation)

Question 49

公西華

Answer 49

gong1xi1hua2

a disciple of Confucius

Question 50

正

Answer 50

zheng4

exactly

Question 51

唯

Answer 51

wei2

a particle that is always placed between the subject and the nominal predicate

Question 52

弟子

Answer 52

di4zi3

disciple; the disciple of yours

Question 53

述而

Answer 53

shu4er2

chapter title of the 論語