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Health Assessment LEC > Lesson 5 (Abnormal Skin findings) > Flashcards

Lesson 5 (Abnormal Skin findings) Flashcards

1
Q

It is a bright red birthmark that shows up at birth or in the first and second week of life.

A

Hemangioma

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2
Q

It is a permanent birthmark.

A

Port-Wine Stain

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3
Q

It is smooth, flat, pink, red or purple patch on a newborn that may get darker and raised or bumpy over time

A

Port-Wine Stain

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4
Q

This condition gets its name because it looks like someone spilled or splashed dark red wine on skin.

A

Port-Wine Stain

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5
Q

Other name for Port-Wine Stain

A

Nevus Flammeus

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6
Q

It is also known as the spider nevus or spider telangiectasia

A

Spider (star) angioma

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7
Q

A small red or purple mark on the skin caused by dilated (wide) blood vessels (capillaries) near the surface on the skin.

A

Spider (star) angioma

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8
Q

It is a small, dark blue to purple slightly elevated papules.

A

Venous Lake

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9
Q

Commonly appeared on sun-exposed areas such as the lips, face, ears, neck and back of hand of the hand of elderly people

A

Venous Lake

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10
Q

They are benign, but often confused with melanoma

A

Venous Lake

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11
Q

These are pinpoint, round spots that appear on the skin as a result of bleeding

A

Petechiae

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12
Q

They can be caused by a simple injury, straining or more serious conditions.

A

Petechiae

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13
Q

Commonly appear in clusters and may look like rash.

A

Petechiae

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14
Q

It is also called blood spots or skin hemorrhages

A

Purpura

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15
Q

Two main types of Purpura

A

Thrombocytopenic purpura (Low platelet count)

Nonthrombocytopenic purpura
(Normal platelet count)

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16
Q

The two main types of Purpura are related to…

A

Blood platelet levels

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17
Q

Are tiny, dot-like Purpura

A

Petechiae

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18
Q

Purpura is between ( _ ) millimeters/mm and ( _ ) mm in diameter

A

Purpura is between 4 millimeters/mm and 10 mm in diameter

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19
Q

Purpura larger than 1 cm is called…

A

Ecchymosis (or bruises)

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20
Q

A medical term for bruises

A

Ecchymosis

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21
Q

A bruise, or contusion, is skin discoloration from damaged, leaking blood vessels underneath the skin

A

Ecchymosis

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22
Q

It is generally defined as the collection of blood outside of blood vessels

A

Hematoma

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23
Q

caused by an injury to the wall of a blood vessel, prompting blood to seep out of the vessel into the surrounding tissues

A

Hematoma

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24
Q

Defined as a solid swelling of clotted blood within the body’s tissues.

A

Hematoma

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25
Q

Defined as skin discoloration resulting from bleeding underneath the skin

A

Ecchymosis

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26
Q

Types of Skin Lesion

A

Tinea
Measles
Varicella
Herpes
Psoriasis
Dermatitis
Eczema
Impetigo

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27
Q

Also known as ring worm

A

Tinea corporis

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28
Q

Childhood infection caused by a virus

A

Measles (Rubeola)

29
Q

An infection that mostly affects the skin and lymph nodes (not the same virus that causes Measles)

A

German Measles (Rubella)

30
Q

An infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus

A

Chickenpox (Varicella)

31
Q

The infection lasts for a lifetime, and it causes painful or itchy sores and blisters that come and go.

A

Herpes simplex

32
Q

Two types of Herpes simplex

A

Herpes simplex 1
Herpes simplex 2

33
Q

Commonly referred as oral herpes

A

Herpes simplex 1

34
Q

Commonly referred as genital herpes

A

Herpes simplex 2

35
Q

It is also known as Shingles

A

Herpes Zoster

36
Q

It is the reactivation of the Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV), the same virus that causes Chickenpox (Varicella)

A

Herpes Zoster

37
Q

It is a skin disease that causes a rash with itchy, scaly patches, commonly on the knees, elbows, trunk and scalp.

A

Psoriasis

38
Q

It is a common, long-term (chronic) disease with no cure.

A

Psoriasis

39
Q

It is an itchy rash caused by direct contact with a substance or allergic reaction to it.

A

Contact dermatitis

40
Q

It is a common and highly contagious skin infection that affects infants and young children caused by one or both of the following bacteria: group A Streptococcus and Staphylococcus.

A

Impetigo

41
Q

It usually appears as reddish shores on the face, especially around the nose and mouth and on the hands and feet.

A

Impetigo

42
Q

Types of Malignant Lesions

A

Basal cell carcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma
Malignant melanoma
Kaposi’s sarcoma

43
Q

It is a type of skin cancer that forms in the basal cells of your skin

A

Basal Cell Carcinoma

44
Q

It is a common form of skin cancer that develops in the squamous cells that makes up the middle and outers layers of the skin

A

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

45
Q

It is most serious type of skin cancer, develops in the cell (melanocytes) that produces melanin.

A

Malignant melanoma

46
Q

It is a disease in which cancer cells are found in the skin or mucous membranes that line the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, from mouth to anus, including the stomach and intestines.

A

Kaposi’s Sarcoma

47
Q

It is always caused by an infection with a virus called human herpesvirus 8.

A

Kaposi’s Sarcoma

48
Q

Also known as Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV).

A

Kaposi’s Sarcoma

49
Q

Types of Abnormal Hair Findings

A

Tinea capitis
Alopecia
Infection
Folliculitis
Hirsutism

50
Q

It causes crusty or oily patches on a baby’s scalp.

A

Cradle cap

51
Q

What is a possible contribution to Cradle cap

A

Hormones passed from Mother to Child and Yeast (fungal) infection called Malassezia

52
Q

It is a rash caused by fungal infection. Usually itchy, scaly, bald patches on the head.

A

Tinea Capitis (scalp ringworm)

53
Q

A common skin condition that happens when hair follicles became inflamed.

A

Folliculitis

54
Q

Folliculitis is usually infected by a bacteria called

A

Staphylococcus aureus (Staph)

55
Q

A condition that causes excessive growth on certain parts of the body.

A

Hirsutism

56
Q

Type of Abnormal Nail Findings

A

Spoon nails
Paronychia
Beau’s line
Splinter hemorrhage
Onycholysis

57
Q

It is also known as “Koilonychia”.

A

Spoon Nail

58
Q

“Koilonychia” comes from the Greek word ( _ ), which means Hollow. (_) refers to nail conditions.

A

Koilonychia” comes from the Greek word Koilos, which means Hollow. Nychia refers to nail conditions.

59
Q

It is a skin infection ‘around’ the fingernails or toenails.

A

Paronychia

60
Q

A type of Paronychia comes on suddenly and may not last long

A

Acute Paronychia

61
Q

A type of Paronychia that lasts longer and may occur on fingers or toes.

A

Chronic Paronychia

62
Q

It is a horizontal ridges or dents in one or more fingernails or toenails.

A

Beau’s Lines

63
Q

These are small areas of bleeding (hemorrhaging) under nails.

A

Splinter Hemorrhage

64
Q

A condition in which the nail separates from the skin

A

Onycholysis

65
Q

Special Considerations of the Skin, Hair, and Nail Assessment

A

Developmental, Psychosocial, Cultural, and Environmental

66
Q

Developmental Considerations

A

Pediatric
Pregnant females
Geriatric

67
Q

Psychosocial
Considerations

A

Stress-induced illnesses
Visible skin disorders and self-esteem/body image

68
Q

Skills Required For Psychosocial Assessment

A

Excellent communication skills
Ability to pose questions with tact
Sympathetic nature
Ability to bond with the patient

Health Assessment LEC (20 decks)

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