Lesson 5 (Abnormal Skin findings)

Question 1

It is a bright red birthmark that shows up at birth or in the first and second week of life.

Answer 1

Hemangioma

Question 2

It is a permanent birthmark.

Answer 2

Port-Wine Stain

Question 3

It is smooth, flat, pink, red or purple patch on a newborn that may get darker and raised or bumpy over time

Answer 3

Port-Wine Stain

Question 4

This condition gets its name because it looks like someone spilled or splashed dark red wine on skin.

Answer 4

Port-Wine Stain

Question 5

Other name for Port-Wine Stain

Answer 5

Nevus Flammeus

Question 6

It is also known as the spider nevus or spider telangiectasia

Answer 6

Spider (star) angioma

Question 7

A small red or purple mark on the skin caused by dilated (wide) blood vessels (capillaries) near the surface on the skin.

Answer 7

Spider (star) angioma

Question 8

It is a small, dark blue to purple slightly elevated papules.

Answer 8

Venous Lake

Question 9

Commonly appeared on sun-exposed areas such as the lips, face, ears, neck and back of hand of the hand of elderly people

Answer 9

Venous Lake

Question 10

They are benign, but often confused with melanoma

Answer 10

Venous Lake

Question 11

These are pinpoint, round spots that appear on the skin as a result of bleeding

Answer 11

Petechiae

Question 12

They can be caused by a simple injury, straining or more serious conditions.

Answer 12

Petechiae

Question 13

Commonly appear in clusters and may look like rash.

Answer 13

Petechiae

Question 14

It is also called blood spots or skin hemorrhages

Answer 14

Purpura

Question 15

Two main types of Purpura

Answer 15

Thrombocytopenic purpura (Low platelet count)

Nonthrombocytopenic purpura
(Normal platelet count)

Question 16

The two main types of Purpura are related to…

Answer 16

Blood platelet levels

Question 17

Are tiny, dot-like Purpura

Answer 17

Petechiae

Question 18

Purpura is between ( _ ) millimeters/mm and ( _ ) mm in diameter

Answer 18

Purpura is between 4 millimeters/mm and 10 mm in diameter

Question 19

Purpura larger than 1 cm is called…

Answer 19

Ecchymosis (or bruises)

Question 20

A medical term for bruises

Answer 20

Ecchymosis

Question 21

A bruise, or contusion, is skin discoloration from damaged, leaking blood vessels underneath the skin

Answer 21

Ecchymosis

Question 22

It is generally defined as the collection of blood outside of blood vessels

Answer 22

Hematoma

Question 23

caused by an injury to the wall of a blood vessel, prompting blood to seep out of the vessel into the surrounding tissues

Answer 23

Hematoma

Question 24

Defined as a solid swelling of clotted blood within the body’s tissues.

Answer 24

Hematoma

Question 25

Defined as skin discoloration resulting from bleeding underneath the skin

Answer 25

Ecchymosis

Question 26

Types of Skin Lesion

Answer 26

Tinea Measles Varicella Herpes Psoriasis Dermatitis Eczema Impetigo

Question 27

Also known as ring worm

Answer 27

Tinea corporis

Question 28

Childhood infection caused by a virus

Answer 28

Measles (Rubeola)

Question 29

An infection that mostly affects the skin and lymph nodes (not the same virus that causes Measles)

Answer 29

German Measles (Rubella)

Question 30

An infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus

Answer 30

Chickenpox (Varicella)

Question 31

The infection lasts for a lifetime, and it causes painful or itchy sores and blisters that come and go.

Answer 31

Herpes simplex

Question 32

Two types of Herpes simplex

Answer 32

Herpes simplex 1 Herpes simplex 2

Question 33

Commonly referred as oral herpes

Answer 33

Herpes simplex 1

Question 34

Commonly referred as genital herpes

Answer 34

Herpes simplex 2

Question 35

It is also known as Shingles

Answer 35

Herpes Zoster

Question 36

It is the reactivation of the Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV), the same virus that causes Chickenpox (Varicella)

Answer 36

Herpes Zoster

Question 37

It is a skin disease that causes a rash with itchy, scaly patches, commonly on the knees, elbows, trunk and scalp.

Answer 37

Psoriasis

Question 38

It is a common, long-term (chronic) disease with no cure.

Answer 38

Psoriasis

Question 39

It is an itchy rash caused by direct contact with a substance or allergic reaction to it.

Answer 39

Contact dermatitis

Question 40

It is a common and highly contagious skin infection that affects infants and young children caused by one or both of the following bacteria: group A Streptococcus and Staphylococcus.

Answer 40

Impetigo

Question 41

It usually appears as reddish shores on the face, especially around the nose and mouth and on the hands and feet.

Answer 41

Impetigo

Question 42

Types of Malignant Lesions

Answer 42

Basal cell carcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma Malignant melanoma Kaposi’s sarcoma

Question 43

It is a type of skin cancer that forms in the basal cells of your skin

Answer 43

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Question 44

It is a common form of skin cancer that develops in the squamous cells that makes up the middle and outers layers of the skin

Answer 44

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Question 45

It is most serious type of skin cancer, develops in the cell (melanocytes) that produces melanin.

Answer 45

Malignant melanoma

Question 46

It is a disease in which cancer cells are found in the skin or mucous membranes that line the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, from mouth to anus, including the stomach and intestines.

Answer 46

Kaposi's Sarcoma

Question 47

It is always caused by an infection with a virus called human herpesvirus 8.

Answer 47

Kaposi's Sarcoma

Question 48

Also known as Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV).

Answer 48

Kaposi's Sarcoma

Question 49

Types of Abnormal Hair Findings

Answer 49

Tinea capitis Alopecia Infection Folliculitis Hirsutism

Question 50

It causes crusty or oily patches on a baby's scalp.

Answer 50

Cradle cap

Question 51

What is a possible contribution to Cradle cap

Answer 51

Hormones passed from Mother to Child and Yeast (fungal) infection called Malassezia

Question 52

It is a rash caused by fungal infection. Usually itchy, scaly, bald patches on the head.

Answer 52

Tinea Capitis (scalp ringworm)

Question 53

A common skin condition that happens when hair follicles became inflamed.

Answer 53

Folliculitis

Question 54

Folliculitis is usually infected by a bacteria called

Answer 54

Staphylococcus aureus (Staph)

Question 55

A condition that causes excessive growth on certain parts of the body.

Answer 55

Hirsutism

Question 56

Type of Abnormal Nail Findings

Answer 56

Spoon nails Paronychia Beau’s line Splinter hemorrhage Onycholysis

Question 57

It is also known as "Koilonychia".

Answer 57

Spoon Nail

Question 58

"Koilonychia" comes from the Greek word ( _ ), which means Hollow. (_) refers to nail conditions.

Answer 58

Koilonychia" comes from the Greek word Koilos, which means Hollow. Nychia refers to nail conditions.

Question 59

It is a skin infection 'around' the fingernails or toenails.

Answer 59

Paronychia

Question 60

A type of Paronychia comes on suddenly and may not last long

Answer 60

Acute Paronychia

Question 61

A type of Paronychia that lasts longer and may occur on fingers or toes.

Answer 61

Chronic Paronychia

Question 62

It is a horizontal ridges or dents in one or more fingernails or toenails.

Answer 62

Beau's Lines

Question 63

These are small areas of bleeding (hemorrhaging) under nails.

Answer 63

Splinter Hemorrhage

Question 64

A condition in which the nail separates from the skin

Answer 64

Onycholysis

Question 65

Special Considerations of the Skin, Hair, and Nail Assessment

Answer 65

Developmental, Psychosocial, Cultural, and Environmental

Question 66

Developmental Considerations

Answer 66

Pediatric Pregnant females Geriatric

Question 67

Psychosocial Considerations

Answer 67

Stress-induced illnesses Visible skin disorders and self-esteem/body image

Question 68

Skills Required For Psychosocial Assessment

Answer 68

Excellent communication skills Ability to pose questions with tact Sympathetic nature Ability to bond with the patient