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MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY > LESSON 5: RESPIRATORY SYSTEM TERMINOLOGY > Flashcards

LESSON 5: RESPIRATORY SYSTEM TERMINOLOGY Flashcards

(83 cards)

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1
Q

acute

A

to describe a disease/symptom that begins suddenly or worsens quickly

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2
Q

aspiration

A

accidental breathing in of food or fluid into the lungs

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3
Q

effusion

A

escape of fluid from blood or lymph vessels into the tissues or body cavity

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4
Q

exacerbation

A

an increase in the severity of a disease, worsening

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5
Q

fibrosis

A

normal tissue is replaced by hardened tissue

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6
Q

interstitial

A

to describe the space around a tissue or an organ

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7
Q

intubation

A

insertion of a plastic tube into the trachea to maintain an open airway

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8
Q

latent

A

describes a condition that is present but not active or causing symptoms

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9
Q

mucous membrane

A

sheetlike tissues that act as a lining with cells that secrete mucus

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10
Q

nosocomial

A

to describe a disease acquired in a hospital, especially in reference to an infection

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11
Q

phlegm

A

type of mucus made in the lower respiratory tract

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12
Q

septum

A

wall that separates two sides, such as between the nostrils or the chambers of the heart

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13
Q

serous membrane

A

sheetlike tissues that act as a lining with cells that secrete fluid

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14
Q

sputum

A

phlegm that is coughed up and ejected through the mouth

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15
Q

stoma

A

surgically created opening on a body surface following a colostomy or tracheostomy

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16
Q

visceral

A

relating to the soft internal organs of the body, including the lungs, the heart, and the organs of the digestive, urinary, reproductive, and circulatory systems

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17
Q

anoxia

A

absence of oxygen from the body’s tissues and organs even though there is an adequate flow of blood

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18
Q

antitussive

A

commonly known as cough medicine, is administered to prevent or relieve coughing

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19
Q

aphonia

A

loss of the ability of the larynx to produce normal speech sounds

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20
Q

asbestosis

A

caused by asbestos particles in the lungs and usually occurs after working with asbestos

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21
Q

asphyxia

A

loss of consciousness that occurs when the body cannot get the oxygen it needs to function

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22
Q

asthma

A

chronic inflammatory disease of the bronchial tubes, often triggered by an allergic reaction

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23
Q

atelectasis

A

also known as collapsed lung, is the incomplete expansion of part or all of a lung due to the blockage of air passages or pneumothorax

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24
Q

bradypnea

A

abnormally slow rate of respiration, usually of less than ten breaths per minute

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25
bronchiectasis
permanent thickening of the walls of the bronchi, caused by chronic infection and inflammation
26
bronchodilator
inhaled medication that relaxes and expands the bronchial passages into the lungs
27
bronchorrhea
excessive discharge of watery mucus from the bronchi
28
bronchoscopy
visual examination of the bronchi using a bronchoscope
29
bronchospasm
a contraction of smooth muscle in the walls of the bronchi and bronchioles, tightening and squeezing the airway shut
30
Cheyne-Strokes respiration
irregular pattern of breathing characterized by alternating rapid or shallow respiration followed by slower respiration or apnea
31
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
group of lung diseases in which the bronchial airflow is obstructed, making it difficult to breathe out
32
croup
acute respiratory infection in children and infants characterized by obstruction of the larynx, hoarseness, and swelling around the vocal cords resulting in a barking cough and stridor
33
cyanosis
bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes caused by a lack of adequate oxygen in the blood
34
cystic fibrosis
life-threatening genetic disorder in which the lungs and pancreas are clogged with large quantities of abnormally thick mucus
35
dysphonia
difficulty in speaking, which may include any impairment in vocal quality, including hoarseness, weakness, or the cracking of a boy's voice during puberty
36
dyspnea
also known as shortness of breath, difficult or labored breathing
37
emphysema
progressive, long-term loss of lung function, usually due to smoking
38
empyema
refers to a collection of pus in any body cavity
39
endotracheal intubation
passage of a tube through the mouth into the trachea to establish or maintain an open airway, especially when a patient must be placed on a ventilator
40
epistaxis
nosebleed
41
hemoptysis
expectoration of blood or blood-stained sputum derived from the lungs or bronchial tubes as the result of a pulmonary or bronchial hemorrhage
42
hemothorax
collection of blood in the pleural cavity
43
hypercapnia
also known as CO₂ retention, is the abnormal buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood
44
hyperpnea
commonly associated with exertion, breathing that is deeper and more rapid that is normal at rest
45
hypopnea
shallow or slow respiration
46
hypoxemia
condition of having low oxygen levels in the blood, usually due to respiratory disorders or heart conditions
47
hypoxia
condition of having deficient oxygen levels in the body tissues and organs
48
laryngitis
inflammation of the larynx
49
laryngoscopy
visual examination of the larynx and vocal cords using a flexible or rigid laryngoscope inserted through the mouth
50
laryngospasm
sudden spasmodic closure of the larynx
51
mediastinum
middle section of the chest cavity and is located between the lungs
52
nebulizer
electronic device that pumps air or oxygen through a liquid medicine to turn it into a mist, which is then inhaled by the patient via a face mask or mouthpiece
53
otolaryngologist
also known as an ENT, physician with specialized training in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders of the head and neck
54
pertussis
also known as whooping cough, contagious bacterial infection of the upper respiratory tract that is characterized by recurrent bouts of a paroxysmal cough, followed by breathlessness and a noisy inspiration
55
pharyngitis
also known as a sore throat, inflammation of the pharynx
56
pleural effusion
excess accumulation of fluid in the pleural space
57
pleurisy
an inflammation of the pleura, the membranes that cover the lungs and line the pleural cavity
58
pleurodynia
sharp chest pain that occurs when inflamed pleural membranes rub against each other with each inhalation
59
pneumoconiosis
any fibrosis of the lung tissues caused by mineral dust in the lungs after prolonged environmental or occupational contact
60
pneumonectomy
surgical removal of all or part of a lung
61
pneumonia
serious inflammation of the lungs in which the alveoli and air passages fill with pus and other fluids
62
pneumothorax
accumulation of air in the pleural space resulting in a pressure imbalance that causes the lung to fully or partially collapse
63
polysomnography
measures physiological activity during sleep and is often performed to detect nocturnal defects in breathing associated with sleep apnea
64
pulmonary edema
accumulation of fluid in lung tissues, especially the alveoli
65
pulmonologist
physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the respiratory system
66
pulse oximeter
an external monitor placed on the patient's fingertip or earlobe to measure the oxygen saturation level in the blood
67
pyothorax
presence of pus in the pleural cavity between the layers of the pleural membrane resulting from a bacterial infection
68
sinusitis
inflammation of the sinuses
69
sleep apnea
potentially serious disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep for periods long enough to cause a measurable decrease in blood oxygen levels
70
spirometer
recording device that measures the amount of air inhaled or exhaled and the length of time required for each breath
71
tachypnea
abnormally rapid rate of respiration, usually of more than 20 breaths per minute
72
thoracentesis
surgical puncture of the chest wall with a needle to obtain fluid from a pleural cavity
73
thoracotomy
surgical incision into the chest wall to open the pleural cavity for biopsy or treatment
74
tracheostomy
surgical creation of a stoma into the trachea below the vocal cords to insert a tube to facilitate breathing
75
tracheotomy
procedure in which an incision is made into the trachea to gain access to the airway below a blockage
76
chronic bronchitis
a disease in which the airways have become inflamed due to recurrent exposure to an inhaled irritant (such as cigarette smoke)
77
allergic rhinitis
an allergic reaction to allergens that enter through the nasal passages and cause an increased flow of mucus
78
nonallergic rhinitis
a reaction to something other than an allergen (such as cold air, spicy food, or medication) that causes an increased flow of mucus
79
influenza
an acute, highly contagious viral infection characterized by respiratory inflammation, fever, chills, and muscle pain
80
respiratory syncytial virus
a common, highly contagious viral infection spread by respiratory droplets
81
rhinorrhea
runny nose
82
atelectasis
incomplete expansion of part or all of a lung
83
pulmonary embolism
sudden blockage of a pulmonary artery by foreign matter or by an embolus that formed in the leg or pelvic region

MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY (15 decks)

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