CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY - TERMS Flashcards
1
Q
cyanosis
A
blue discoloration of the skin caused by lack of adequate oxygen in the blood
2
Q
erythrocyte
A
mature red blood cell
3
Q
leukocyte
A
white blood cell
4
Q
melanoma
A
a type of skin cancer
5
Q
poliomyelitis
A
a viral infection of the gray nerve tissue of the spinal cord
6
Q
gastroenteritis
A
inflammation of the stomach and small intestine
7
Q
neuroplasty
A
surgical repair of a nerve
8
Q
neurorrhaphy
A
suturing together the ends of a severed nerve
9
Q
tonsillitis
A
inflammation of the tonsils
10
Q
tonsillectomy
A
surgical removal of the tonsils
11
Q
cranium
A
the portion of the skull that encloses the brain
12
Q
gastrosis
A
any disease of the stomach
13
Q
pathology
A
study of all aspects of diseases
14
Q
gastralgia
A
pain in the stomach, stomachache
15
Q
gastrodynia
A
pain in the stomach, stomachache
16
Q
gastritis
A
inflammation of the stomach
17
Q
hepatomegaly
A
abnormal enlargement of the liver
18
Q
arteriomalacia
A
abnormal softening of the walls of an artery/arteries
19
Q
arterionecrosis
A
tissue death of an artery/arteries
20
Q
arteriosclerosis
A
abnormal hardening of the walls of an artery/arteries
21
Q
arteriostenosis
A
abnormal narrowing of an artery/arteries
22
Q
abdominocentesis
A
surgical puncture of the abdominal cavity to remove fluid
23
Q
angiography
A
process of producing an x-ray/radiographic study of blood vessels after the injection of a contrast medium to make these blood vessels visible
24
Q
angiogram
A
resulting film that is produced by an angiography
25
myoplasty
surgical repair of a muscle
26
arthroscopy
visual examination of the internal structure of a joint
27
hemorrhage
loss of a large amount of blood in a short time
28
tenorrhaphy
surgical suturing of a tendon
29
perinatal
the time and events surrounding birth: just before, during, and just after
30
eupnea
easy or normal breathing
31
hypertension
higher-than-normal blood pressure
32
hypotension
lower-than-normal blood pressure
33
interstitial
between, but not within, the parts of a tissue
34
intramuscular
within the muscle
35
subcostal
below a rib/ribs
36
supracostal
above or outside the ribs
37
otorhinolaryngology
study of the ear, nose, and throat
38
ENT
study of the ear, nose, and throat
39
otolaryngology
study of the ears and larynx or throat
40
lithotomy
a surgical incision for the removal of a stone
OR
an examination position in which a female patient is lying on her back with her feet and legs raised and supported in stirrups
41
appendicitis
inflammation of the appendix
42
phalanges
bones of the fingers and toes
43
sign vs. symptom vs. syndrome
1. sign is objective evidence of disease (fever)
2. symptom is subjective evidence of disease (pain)
3. syndrome is a set of signs and symptoms that occur together as a part of a specific disease process
44
diagnosis vs. differential diagnosis vs. prognosis
1. diagnosis is the identification of a disease
2. differential diagnosis is an attempt to determine which one of the several possible diseases is causing the signs and symptoms present (known as a rule out, R/O)
3. prognosis is a prediction of the probable course and outcome of a disease
45
acute condition vs. chronic condition vs. remission
1. acute condition has a rapid onset, a severe course, and a relatively short duration
2. chronic condition is of long duration that can be controlled but are rarely cured
3. remission is the temporary, partial, or complete disappearance of the symptoms of a disease without having achieved a cure
46
disease vs. eponym vs. acronym
1. disease is a condition in which one or more body parts are not functioning normally
2. eponym is a disease, structure, operation, or procedure named for the person who discovered or described it first (e.g. Alzheimer's disease)
3. acronym is a word formed from the initial letter of major parts of a compound term
47
atheroma
a fatty deposit within the wall of an artery
48
arthralgia
pain in a joint/joints
49
endarterial
pertaining to the interior/lining of an artery
50
pyelotomy
surgical incision into the renal pelvis to remove obstructions such as a kidney stone
51
fissure
groove or crack-like sore of the skin
OR
normal folds in the contours of the brain
52
fistula
an abnormal passage, usually between two internal organs or leading from an organ to the surface of the body
53
ileum
the last and longest portion of the small intestine
54
ilium
part of the hip bone (spelled with an i as in hip)
55
infection
invasion of the body by a pathogenic organism
56
malaise
feeling of general discomfort/uneasiness that is often the first indication of an infection/disease
57
exudate
any fluid that leaks out of an infected wound
58
erythema
redness
59
hyperthermia
heat
60
edema
swelling
61
inflammation
a localized response to an injury or to the destruction of tissues
62
laceration
a torn or jagged wound or an accidental cut
63
lesion
pathologic change of the tissues due to disease or injury
64
mucous
describes the specialized membranes that lines the body cavities
65
mucus
fluid secreted by mucous
66
mycosis
any abnormal condition or disease caused by a fungus
67
myelopathy
any injury, degeneration, or disease in the spinal cord
68
myopathy
any pathologic change or disease of muscle tissue
69
palpation
examination technique in which the examiner's hands are used to feel the texture, size, consistency, and location of certain body parts
70
palpitation
pounding or racing heart
71
pyoderma
any acute, inflammatory, pus-forming bacterial skin infection
72
pyrosis
heartburn, discomfort due to the regurgitation of stomach acid upward into the esophagus
73
supination
act of rotating the arm so that the palm of the hand is forward or upward
74
suppuration
formation of pus
75
triage
medical screening of patients to determine their relative priority of need and proper place of treatment
76
trauma
wound or injury
77
viral
pertaining to a virus
78
virile
having the nature, properties, or qualities of an adult male
79
certified registered nurse anesthetist (CRNA)
a person with a graduate-level education who is responsible for the entire anesthesia procedure
80
licensed practical nurse (LPN)
a person who provides routine care consistent with their education under the supervision of an RN, PA, or physician
81
physician
a person who holds a state license to practice all phases of medicine and every medical and surgical specialty
82
registered nurse (RN)
a person trained to make critical decisions about patient care and supervise other healthcare personnel as well as provide counseling and education to patients and families
