LESSON 6: CLASSIFICATION OF BACTERIA

Question 1

Within the kingdom Protista, bacteria and blue-green algae belong to a group called

Answer 1

Prokaryotes

Question 2

while fungi, other algae, slime molds and protozoa belong to a group called

Answer 2

eukaryotes

Question 3

helps in identification of organisms according to groups based
on its common characteristics and traits hence distinguishing one organism from
another.

Answer 3

Classification

Question 4

According to mode of nutrition

Answer 4

1. Phototrops
2. Chemotrops
3. Authotrops
4. Heterotrops

Question 5

Bacteria which gain energy from light

Answer 5

Phototrophs

Question 6

PHOTOTROPS
subdivided into two groups
on the basis of source of electron:

Answer 6

1. Phptolitotrops
2. Photoorganotrops

Question 7

: bacteria that uses reduced inorganic compounds such
as H2S as electron source

Answer 7

Photolithotrops

Question 8

: uses organic compounds such as succinate as
electron source.

Answer 8

Photoorganotrops

Question 9

: bacteria which gain energy from chemical compounds and
cannot carry out photosynthesis,

Answer 9

Chemotrophs

Question 10

Chemotrops
Subdivided into two groups on the basis of
source of electron:

Answer 10

A. Chemolithotrops
B. Chemoorganotrops

Question 11

: they gain energy from oxidation of chemical
compound and reduces inorganic compounds such as NH3 as electron
source

Answer 11

Chemolithotrops

Question 12

: they gain energy from chemical compounds and
uses organic

Answer 12

Chemoorganotrops

Question 13

: nonpathogenic, free-living bacteria which uses solar energy or
carbon dioxide as sole source of carbon to prepare its own food, further
subdivided into two types on the basis of energy utilized

Answer 13

Autotrophs

Question 14

AUTHOTROPS
Subdivided into two types on the basis of energy utilized to assimilate
carbondioxide:

Answer 14

1.Photoautotrops
2. Chemoautotrops

Question 15

: they utilized light to assimilate carbon dioxide. They
are further divided into two group on the basis of electron sources:
Photolithotropic autotrops and Photoorganotropic autotrops

Answer 15

Photoautotrops

Question 16

: they utilize chemical energy for assimilation of
carbon dioxide

Answer 16

Chemoautotrops

Question 17

: bacteria which uses organic compound as carbon source and lack
the ability to fix carbon dioxide

Answer 17

Heterotrophs

Question 18

According to optimum temperature requirement for grow

Answer 18

1. Psychrophiles
2. Psychrotrophs
3. Mesophiles
4. Thermophiles
   5.Hypethermophiles

Question 19

: bacteria that can grow at below 0°C to 20°C but the optimum
temperature of growth is 15°C or below. I

Answer 19

Psychrophiles

Question 20

: bacteria that can grow even
between 0°C to 30°C but optimum temperature for growth is 20-30°C

Answer 20

Psychrotrophs (facultative psychrophiles

Question 21

: bacteria that can grow best between 25-40°C and optimum
temperature for growth is 37°C

Answer 21

Mesophiles

Question 22

: bacteria that best grow above 45°C, contains saturated fattyacids
in their cell membrane so their cell membrane does not become too fluid even at
higher temperature, can survive pasteurization temperature

Answer 22

Thermophiles

Question 23

: capable of growing in mesophilic range

Answer 23

facultative thermophiles

Question 24

: true thermophiles or Stenothermophiles

Answer 24

obligate thermophiles

Question 25

: bacteria that have optimum temperature of growth above 80°C.

Answer 25

Hypethermophiles

Question 26

According to optimal pH for growth

Answer 26

A. Acidophiles B. Alkaliphiles C. Nuetraphiles

Question 27

: bacteria that grows best at acidic pH

Answer 27

Acidophiles

Question 28

: bacteria that grows best at alkaline pH

Answer 28

Alkaliphiles

Question 29

: bacteria that grows best at neutral pH (6.5-7.5)

Answer 29

Neutrophiles

Question 30

According to gaseous requirement

Answer 30

1.Obligate aerobes: 2. Facultative anaerobes: 3. Aerotolerant anaerobes 4. Microaerophiles: 5.Obligate anaerobes: 6. Capnophiles:

Question 31

bacteria that requires and cannot grow in the absence of oxygen

Answer 31

Obligate Aerobes

Question 32

bacteria that do not require oxygen but can use it if available

Answer 32

Facultative Anaerobes

Question 33

bacteria that do not require but can tolerate the presence of oxygen for growth

Answer 33

Aerotolerant anaerobes

Question 34

bacteria that do not require but can tolerate low concentration of oxygen for growth

Answer 34

Microaerophiles

Question 35

bacteria that can grow only in absence of oxygen

Answer 35

Obligate Anaerobes

Question 36

: bacteria that require carbon dioxide

Answer 36

Capnophiles

Question 37

According to cell wall:

Answer 37

1. Gram positive Bacteria 2. Gram Negative Bacteria

Question 38

: cell wall of these bacteria is composed of peptidoglycan layer only. The cell wall retains the crystal fire lit or gram stain which appear violate in Gram staining.

Answer 38

Gram positive bacteria

Question 39

: cell wall of these bacteria is composed ofPeptidoglycan and outer membrane. The cell wall does not retain the gram stain, but they take up the red color of the counter stain during Gram staining

Answer 39

Gram negative bacteria

Question 40

According to flagella:

Answer 40

1.Monotrichous: bacteria with single flagellum in one end of cell. 2.Lophotrichous: bacteria having bundle of flagella in one end of cell. 3. Amphitrichous: bacteria having single or cluster of flagella at both end of cell. 4. Peritrichous: bacteria having flagella evenly distributed around the cell surface. 5. Atrichous: bacteria without

Question 41

According to spore:

Answer 41

1. Spore forming bacteria: produce spore during unfavorable condition, subdivided into two groups: a. endospore forming bacteria: spore produced within the bacterial cell. b. exospore forming bacteria: spore produced outside the cell 2. Non-spore forming bacteria: those bacteria which do not produce spore.