Life History

Question 1

life history

Answer 1

key events in an orgs life

Question 2

types of life history

Answer 2

age at maturation, reproductive lifespan, senescence + death, migration

Question 3

major divisoin of life tactic

Answer 3

semelparous + iteroparous

Question 4

how did fisheries change life historoes

Answer 4

larger sp. (tend to be mega-spawners), were fished, leaving smaller ones to spawn, changed ife histories to adapt (earlier maturation, larger spawns, quicker senescence)

Question 5

fishing down the food web

Answer 5

foshrries selectivly target large bodies sp. then switch to smaller when stock runs outi

Question 6

is fising down the food web true?

Answer 6

some ppl think yes (decline in trophic lvl due to apex predator collapse eg. drop in sharks)

some ppl think its false: instead fishing through the food web (found increase in apex preds - so instead new fisheries are targeting smaller sp. due to higher abundance/ less fishing pressure)

Question 7

what animals are strongly k-selected

Answer 7

marine mega-verts

Question 8

what does k-selection sp. cause

Answer 8

iteroparity, long-lived, delayed maturity, low reproductive rates

Question 9

what does r-selection cause

Answer 9

semelparity, short-lived, early maturity, high reproductive rates

Question 10

what osteichthyes have longevity

Answer 10

deep-water, slow-growing cold environment sp. (egh. orange roughy)

Question 11

what sp. follow type 1 life strat

Answer 11

humans, seabirds, pinnipeds

Question 12

what sp. follow type 2 life strat

Answer 12

rare in marine verttd

Question 13

what sp. follow type 3 life strat

Answer 13

turtles

Question 14

menopause

Answer 14

early reproductive cessation

Question 15

drivers for life history strats

Answer 15

body size + reproduction, food