Lipid META

Question 1

Cells obtain fatty acid fuel source from?

Answer 1

Diet, fat stored in cell as lippodroplet, and fat synthesized in liver

Question 2

Major dietary lipids are triacylglycerol which consists of?

Answer 2

3 fatty acid Esterified to a glycerol backbone

Question 3

Dietary lipid except TAG are?

Answer 3

Cholesterol and phospholipids

Question 4

What’s rancidity?

Answer 4

Its the process of complete or incomplete autoxidation or hydrolysis of fats and oils when exposed to air, light or heat producing short-chain aldehydes, ketones and free fatty acids resulting in undesirable color and odor

Question 5

Digestion of lipids in the mouth is aided by _____ and _____ enzymes

Answer 5

Acidic lipase
Gastric and lingual lipase

Question 6

Lingual and gastric lipase are produced from ____ and ____ glands?
And they break down?

Answer 6

Eber’s gland
Chief cells of the stomach
Short to medium chain lipids

Question 7

_____ plays an important role in lipid digestion in infants?

Answer 7

Acidic lipase

Question 8

What’s cystic fibrosis?

Answer 8

It’s a disorder caused by defect in CFTR Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Regulator
Which is responsible for passage of fluid and salt btw the cells, it’s defect causes mucus to be thick and sticky and the plung the duct tubes obstructing the passage in the pancreas and lungs

Question 9

How does cystic fibrosis cause a decrease in lipid metabolism?

Answer 9

It blocks the release of pancreatic enzymes
Make acidic enzymes the major enzymes

Question 10

When lipids are dispersed into smaller droplets, what are the importance?

Answer 10

The surface tension is reduced, surface area of droplets is increased

Question 11

The major enzymes In lipid metabolism is?

Answer 11

Lipsse (pancreatic)

Question 12

Lipase and _____ is secreted and why?

Answer 12

Co lipase
Co lipase bonds with the lipid and lipase to increase lipase activity

Question 13

_____ triggers the release of biocarbonate from_____ in lipid metabolism
And why?

Answer 13

Secretin from pancrease
Biocarbonate helps rise the pH of the intestinal lumen to the optimal pH for enzyme activity

Question 14

_____ hormone triggers the release of bile and pancreatic lipase and from _____

Answer 14

CCK Cholecystokinin act on gall bladder to release Bile
And on exocrine cells of pancreas to secreat pancreatic lipase

Question 15

What chain fatty acid ir re-esterified be for absorbtion

Answer 15

Long chain FA

Question 16

______ on mature chylomicron activates lipoprotein kinase?

Answer 16

AppoproteinC2(II)

Question 17

Mention an anti obesity drug and how it functions

Answer 17

ORLISTAT— it inhibits gastric and pancreatic lipase threrby decreasing fat absorption

Question 18

That’s the fate of glycerol in lipid metabolism (in adipose tissue)?

Answer 18

adipose tissue lacks glycerol kinase hence glycerol produced in lipolysis can’t be phosphorylated there it’s transported to the liver where where it’s activated to glycerol-3-phosphate

Question 19

That’s the fate of free fatty acid in lipid metabolism in adipose tissue?

Answer 19

Fatty acid released by lipolysis enter into circulation and is transported in a bound form to albumin. Free fatty acids enter different tissue and are utilized for energy

Question 20

Triacylglycerol lipase is initially present in____ form?

Answer 20

Inactive form (b-form)

Question 21

Triacylglycerol lipase is activated by _____ dependent protein kinase to form (a-form) active Triacylglycerol lipase

Answer 21

cAMP
cystic AMP