Vitamins

Question 1

Vitamin D can be formed by _____ and naicine from_____ by the body

Answer 1

Cholesterol
Tryptophan

Question 2

Vitamins can be classified into

Answer 2

Water soluble and fat soluble

Question 3

Water soluble fats includ

Answer 3

Vitamin
B1( thiamine)
B2 ( Ribuffaxin)
Naicine ( nicotinic acid)
B5 (Pantothenic acid)
B6 (pyrodoxine)
Biotin
Vit. B12 (Cobalamin)
Folic acid
And C (accorbic Acid)

Question 4

When phosphorus is added to thaimine it’s converted?
It’s function

Answer 4

Thaimine Pyro phosphate which is a coenzyme for decarboxylation of keto acids

Question 5

What are the enzymes that use TPP

Answer 5

Pyruvate decarboxylase
Pyruvate dehydrogenase
Branched chain alpha keto acid dehydrogenase
Alpha keto glutamate dehydrogenase
Transketolase

Question 6

What are the sources of thaimine
Minimum requirements

Answer 6

Seeds, nuts, wheat, legumenious plants, lean meat
Adult–1. 0mg,
Infant& children–0. 4-1.3mg

Question 7

Required intake increase in cases such as

Answer 7

Anoxia- shock, hemorrhage, hyperthyroidism, injury, illness, fever, pregnancy, lactation, increased carbohydrates intake

Question 8

Deficiency in thiamine causes

Answer 8

Dry Beri beri & wet beri beri
Due to low plasma albumin and congestive cardiac failure

Question 9

Symptoms of thiamine deficiency

Answer 9

Exhaustion, neuropathy, anorexia, cardiac disorders
Wenicke korsakoff syndrome found in alcoholic associated with thiamine deficiency

Question 10

_____ is the component of the coenzyme FAD and FMN

Answer 10

Riboflavin, vit.B2

Question 11

Riboflavin has ____ ring system binked by_____, which allows riboflavin to exist as____ and accept electrons either as pair or single

Answer 11

Isoalloxazine
Linked by ribitol
Exist as semiquinone

Question 12

____ and ____ can only accept electrons as pairs?

Answer 12

NAD & NADP

Question 13

FMN and FAD is ____ dependent

Answer 13

Atp dependent

Question 14

Riboflavin is mainly used in?

Answer 14

Energy metabolism of lipid and sugar

Question 15

Sources of riboflavin

Answer 15

Meat, nut, legumes, milk, fish, egg

Question 16

Normal riboflavin in adults, infants and children

Answer 16

Adults–1. 5-2.5
Infants–0. 6
Children–1-1. 8

Question 17

Lack of riboflavin is non-fatal

Question 18

Y Is nicotinic acid not really considered a vitamin

Answer 18

Bcuz it can be formed by tryptophan but it’s inefficient
60mg for 1

Question 19

Nicotinic acid contains a ___ ring

Answer 19

Pyridine

Question 20

Sources of nicotinic acid

Answer 20

Milk, lean meat, unrefined grain, cereals, tryptophan

Question 21

Required nicotinic acid

Answer 21

For adults– 17-21
Infant–6mg

Question 22

Deficiency in nicotinic acid causes

Answer 22

Pellagra
Diseases involving GIT & CNS

Question 23

Deficiency of Pyrodoxal phosphate causes

Answer 23

Hypo chronic microcytic anemia
In infant causes convulsiin due to inactive glutamate decarboxylase

Question 24

Bitulin is a coenzyme associated with

Answer 24

Carboxylation rxn

Question 25

Sources of bitulin

Answer 25

Intestinal bacteria, liver, egg, peanut, milk

Question 26

What can cause deficiency in bitulin

Answer 26

Excess consumption of white part of egg

Question 27

Cabalanin(B__) has ____ ring

Answer 27

B12 tetrapyridine ring

Question 28

B12 deficiency causes

Answer 28

Lack of intrinsic factors Pernicious anemia

Question 29

Active form of folic acid is

Answer 29

Tetra hydro folate THF

Question 30

Folic acid deficiency results in

Answer 30

Megaloblastic anemia, impaired absorption, neural tube defects

Question 31

Burning foot syndrome is due to deficiency in?

Answer 31

Pantothenic acid B5

Question 32

What vitamin forms an essential part of acetyl carrier moiety

Answer 32

Pantothenic acid B5

Question 33

vit.C is also known as

Answer 33

Ascorbic acid

Question 34

The H-bond in vit.C are

Answer 34

Triple hellix

Question 35

Deficiency in vit. C causes

Answer 35

Scurvy-- weakening of collagin fibres Failure to hydroxylate proline and lycine

Question 36

Hydroxylation reactions requires

Answer 36

Vit. C

Question 37

What vit. are fat soluble Which serves as coenzyme

Answer 37

A, D, E, K Only K Vit. D is more like a hormone

Question 38

Vit. A are present in diet as

Answer 38

Retinol & beta carotene

Question 39

Deficiency in vit. A causes

Answer 39

Night blindness

Question 40

Vit. D deficiency results in

Answer 40

Obstructive jaundice, partial gastronomy, GOT disorders, Ricket

Question 41

Deficiency of vit. E only in pregnancy & new born baby

Answer 41

Hemolytic anemia

Question 42

Vitamin E occurs in diet as 8 closely related compounds called

Answer 42

Tocopherol

Question 43

Vitamin K are of ___ types? Absorption of vitamin K&E is dependent on

Answer 43

3 types Menaquinone(K2) in animals Phylloquinone(K2) in plants Appropriate fat absorption

Question 44

_____ acts as q coenzyme for fat soluble vitamin

Answer 44

Vitamin K

Question 45

Hh