Lipid Metabolism 4 Flashcards
(21 cards)
Which enzyme catalyzes the oxidative reaction that introduces a double bond into a fatty acid chain?
Fatty acyl- CoA desaturase
The essential fatty acid
Linoleic acid
They are biological signaling molecules that exert their effect at very low concentrations and act as short-range messengers
Which enzyme removes arachidonic acid from the second carbon of glycerol?
Phospholipase A2
They are biological signaling molecules that exert their effect at very low concentrations and act as short-range messengers
Ecosanoids
What are used as precursors for the synthesis of eicosanoids?
Arachidonic acid
The three ecosanoids
Prostaglandins
Thromboxanes
Leukotrienes
Prostaglandin H2 is also known as
Cycloxygenase
What are the enzymatic activities of prostaglandin H2?
Cyclooxygenase and peroxidase activity
The two isoforms of prostaglandin H2 synthase
COX-1
COX-2
The function of COX-1
It is responsible for the synthesis of prostaglandins that regulate the secretion of gastric mucin
Function of COX-2
It is responsible for the synthesis of prostaglandins that mediate inflammation, pain and fever
Drugs that inhibit C
Drugs that inhibit the cyclooxygenase activity of both COX-1 and COX-2?
Ibuprofen
Aspirin
Which steriod hormones can inhibit COX activity?
Glucocorticoids
Examples of NSAIDs
Ibuprofen
Naproxen
Function of thromboxanes
Induce constriction of blood vessels and platelet aggregation
Which enzyme converts PGH2 to thromboxane A2?
Thromboxane synthase
Function of leukotrienes
Are involved in inflammation and bronchoconstriction
Which enzyme catalyzes the incorporation of molecular oxygen into arachidonic acid to produce leukotrienes?
Lipoxygenases
