Lipid Metabolism (lecture 3) Flashcards
The origin of chylomicrons
Small intestine
The destination of the chylomicrons
Skeletal muscles
Cardiac muscles and
Adipose tissues
Which enzyme at the capillaries breaks down TAG’s in chylomicrons?
Lipoprotein lipase
What is the cofactor for lipoprotein lipase (what activates lipoprotein lipase)?
Apo C-ll
What causes hypertriglyceridemia?
Loss of function mutation in the gene encoding Apo C-ll
Which apolipoprotein facilitates the uptake of chylomicron remnants and other lipoproteins by the liver?
Apo E
The biomarker for chylomicron
Apo B-48
Biomarker for VLDL and its descendants (IDL and LDL)
Apo B-100
Biomarker for chylomicron remnants
Apo B-48 and Apo E
Which lipoprotein is responsible for transporting exogenous TAGs in blood?
Chylomicron
Which lipoprotein is responsible for transporting endogenous TAGs in blood?
VLDL
Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of cholesterol to cholesterol esters?
acyl:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT)
Which organelle in extrahepatic cells contain ACAT?
endoplasmic reticulum
Which apolipoproteins do HDLs transport to nascent chylomicrons and VLDL?
Apo C-ll and Apo E
Chylomicron remnants lack which Apolipoprotein?
Apo C-ll
Which apolipoprotein do LDLs lack?
Apo C-ll and apo E
Where is HDL synthesized?
Liver
Which enzyme is responsible for converting free cholesterol into cholesterol esters in HDL?
Lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase
Which enzyme does HDL use to transfer minimal cholesterol esters to VLDL and LDL ?
Cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP)
The biomarker for HDL
Apo A
Which apolipoproteins do HDLs have?
Apo A , Apo C-ll and Apo E
