Lipid structures

Question 1

Structure of fatty acid

Answer 1

Long hydrocarbon tail, methyl at one end, carboxyl at the other end

Question 2

In humans there’s an ____ number of carbons in fatty acid

Answer 2

Even

Question 3

How many carbons in fatty acids in humans

Answer 3

16 to 20

Question 4

How many carbons in stearic acid

Answer 4

18

Question 5

How many carbons in palmitic acid

Answer 5

16

Question 6

What is arachidonic acid

Answer 6

One of C20 PUFA precursor of eicosanoid hormone

Question 7

Which FA has 3 double bonds and 18 carbons

Answer 7

a-linolenic acid (essential FA)

Question 8

Which FA has one double bond in the middle and 18 carbons

Answer 8

Oleic acid

Question 9

Which FA has 4 double bonds and 20 carbons

Answer 9

Arachidonic acid

Question 10

FA is attained by

Answer 10

ester linkages

Question 11

More solid fast have more

Answer 11

Saturated fats

Question 12

What causes the kinks in triglycerides

Answer 12

Cis double bonds

Question 13

Which FA are tightly packed and have a high boiling point

Answer 13

Linear saturated

Question 14

All natural unsaturated fats contain

Answer 14

Cis bonds

Question 15

Trans fat is made during

Answer 15

Partial dehydrogenation of unsaturated fats

Question 16

What is trans fat

Answer 16

partially dehydrogenated unsaturated fats

Question 17

What does partially dehydrogenated unsaturated fats do

Answer 17

Increases shelf life and allows for high temp. cooking

Question 18

What happens when the double bonds in unsaturated fats are fully oxidized

Answer 18

It becomes spoiled faster

Question 19

All unsaturated fats contain

Answer 19

Cis bonds

Question 20

What happens during partial hydrogenation of unsaturated fats

Answer 20

Isomerization

Question 21

Partial dehydrogenation of unsaturated fats raise

Answer 21

Melting point so that fat is solid

Question 22

Trans fat increases

Answer 22

Endogenous cholesterol

Question 23

What does an increase in trans fat lead to

Answer 23

Atherosclerosis

Question 24

Saturated fats ALSO…

Answer 24

Increase cholesterol, but to a lesser extent

Question 25

What is glycerolphospholipids made of

Answer 25

glycerol backbone attached to 2 FA chains and 1 phosphate group

Question 26

Glycerolphospholipids are important in

Answer 26

Cell membrane structure

Question 27

Lecithin

Answer 27

Phosphatidyl choline (emulsifying agent)

Question 28

Which phosphoacylgycerol is an emulsifying agent

Answer 28

Phosphatidylcholine

Question 29

What is the simplest glycerophospholipid

Answer 29

Phosphatidic acid

Question 30

How do you make a lysolipid structure

Answer 30

remove one of the FA chains from a phosphoacylglycerol

Question 31

WHat does a spingospine backbone consist of

Answer 31

one FA chain and one head group

Question 32

What is the head group in the sphingospine backbone

Answer 32

Glycolipid sugar head group, usually cerebrosides or gangliosides

Question 33

Ceramide linked to a phosphorylcholine via amide bond is

Answer 33

Sphingomyeling

Question 34

Ceramide linked to a galactose via amide bond is

Answer 34

Galactocerebroside

Question 35

Ceramide linked to a oligosaccharide via amide bon dis

Answer 35

Ganglioside

Question 36

Do unsaturated or saturated fatty acids have a higher melting point

Answer 36

Saturated

Question 37

Acylglyceride structure

Answer 37

One or more FA chains attached by ester linkages