Lipids

Question 1

Transported in CHYLOMICRONS

Answer 1

LONG CHAIN FA

C16

Question 2

Directly absorbed in the bloodstream – HEPATIC PORTAL VEIN

Answer 2

Medium Chain FA

C8-C14

Question 3

Directly absorbed in the bloodstream – HEPATIC PORTAL VEIN

FOOD for the COLONOCYTES

Answer 3

Short Chain Fatty Acids

C2-C6

Question 4

NO DOUBLE BOND in the hydrocarbon chain

fatty is saturated with HYDROGEN

all C-C bonds are SINGLE BONDS

Answer 4

SATURATED FA

Question 5

At least ONE DOUBLE BOND in the hydrocarbon is present

Answer 5

UNSATURATED FA

Question 6

H atoms found on the SAME side

Answer 6

CIS form

Question 7

H atoms found on the OPPOSITE side

Answer 7

TRANS FORM

Question 8

ONLY 1 DOUBLE BOND

Answer 8

Monounsaturated FA

Question 9

MORE THAN 1 DOUBLE BOND

Answer 9

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

Question 10

ESSENTIAL FATTY ACIDS

Answer 10

Linoleic Acid

a- linolenic acid

Question 11

SEMI ESSENTIAL FATTY ACIDS

Answer 11

Arachidonic acid – from linoleic acid

Question 12

Omega 3 FA

Answer 12

alpha linolenic acid
timnodonic acid (eicosa pentaenoic acid)
cervonic acid (docosa hexaenoic acid) (DHA)

Question 13

Omega 6 series

Answer 13

Linoleic acid
Linolenic acid (GLA)
Arachidonic acid

Question 14

Omega 9 series

Answer 14

Oleic acid

Elaidic acid

Question 15

SIMPLE LIPIDS

Answer 15

FA + glycerol

Question 16

COMPLEX LIPIDS

Answer 16

FA + (glycerol/sphingosine) + phosphoric acid/carbohydrates/proteins

Question 17

Docosa Hexaenoic Acid (DHA)

Answer 17

SOURCES: human milk, fish liver oils, algal oils

synthesized in the body from alpha linolenic acid

HIGHEST CONCENTRATION - RETINA, CEREBRAL CORTEX, SPERM

Question 18

Associated with LOW DHA

Answer 18

INCREASED RISK OF RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA

Question 19

Main storage form of lipids in the body

Answer 19

TRIACYLGLYCEROL (Triglyceride, neutral fat)

Question 20

Glycerophospholipid Components

Answer 20

Glycerol
FA esterified to the first 2 carbon atoms
Nitrogenous base
Phosphoric Acid

Question 21

Components of Phosphatidic Acid

SIMPLEST PHOSPHOLIPID

Answer 21

Glycerol
FA esterified to the first 2 carbon atoms
Phosphoric Acid

Question 22

Most abundant phospholipid of cell membrane

LARGEST BODY STORE OF CHOLINE

Answer 22

LECITHIN (Phosphatidylcholine)

Question 23

Glycerophospholipid w/ Ethanolamine as nitrogenous base

Play role in BLOOD COAGULATION

Answer 23

Cephalin (Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine)

Question 24

ONLY phospholipids which possess ANTIGENICITY

Answer 24

CARDIOLIPIN

recognized by antibodies raised against T. pallidum (syphilis)

Question 25

Nitrogenous base - SERINE Plays an important role in PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH

Answer 25

Phosphatidylserine

Question 26

Present in the CELL MEMBRANE Play an important role in CELL SIGNALLING and MEMBRANE TRAFFICKING Precursor of 2nd messenger in hormonal pathways

Answer 26

Phosphatidylinositolr

Question 27

Found in OUTER LEAFLET OF CELL MEMBRANE BILAYER Abundant in LIPID RAFTS and MYELIN SHEATH Play a role in cell signalling and apoptosis

Answer 27

Sphingomyelins

Question 28

Complex lipids which contain carbohydrate but NO phosphoric acid

Answer 28

GLYCOLIPIDS Cerebroside Globoside Ganglioside

Question 29

Ceramide + Monosaccharide

Answer 29

CEREBROSIDE Glucocerebroside - ceramide + glucose Galactocerebroside - ceramide + galactose

Question 30

Ceramide + Oligosaccharide

Answer 30

Globoside

Question 31

Ceramide + Oligosaccharide with NANA or sialic acid

Answer 31

Ganglioside

Question 32

The simplest ganglioside found in tissues

Answer 32

GM3 ganglioside ceramide + glucose + galactose + NANA

Question 33

Known to be receptor for CHOLERA TOXIN in human intestine

Answer 33

GM 1 Ganglioside

Question 34

FA required in the diet d.t. inability of human cells to synthesize

Answer 34

Essential FA

Question 35

Refers to the location of sites of UNSATURATION relative to the omega end

Answer 35

Omega Fatty Acid

Question 36

FA with a single site on unsaturation

Answer 36

MONOUNSATURATED FA (MUFA) Oleic acid - omega 9 MUFA - most physiologically significant MUFA

Question 37

FA with a multiple sites of unsaturation

Answer 37

POLYUNSATURATED FA (MUFA) omega 3 and omega 6 PUFA