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PPC D > lipids > Flashcards

lipids Flashcards

1
Q

Examples/Classification of Lipids

A

FIXED OILS
FATS
WAXES
FATTY ACIDS

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2
Q

Are esters of long-chain fatty acids and alcohols or of closely related derivatives.

A

LIPIDS

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3
Q

Are soluble in non-polar organic solvents and generally insoluble in water.

A

LIPIDS

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4
Q

Medical/Pharmaceutical Uses of Lipids

A
  • EMOLLIENT
  • VEHICLES FOR MEDICATION
  • THERAPEUTIC PROPERTY
  • ENTERAL AND PARENTERAL NUTRITION
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5
Q

Uses of Lipids in Industries

A

SOAPS
PAINTS

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6
Q

Glycerol combine with Fatty Acids

A

FIXED OILS AND FATS

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7
Q

High mol. wt. alcohol (Cetyl alcohol) combined with Fatty acids

A

WAXES

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8
Q

Fixed Oils and Fats are obtained from:

A

PLANTS: PEANUT OIL OR OLIVE OIL
ANIMAL: LARD

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9
Q

Primary function of Fixed Oils and Fats

A

FOOD (ENERGY) STORAGE

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10
Q

Important products used pharmaceutically, industrially and as
food

A

FIXED OILS AND FATS

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11
Q

May occur in various parts of the plants, but as a general rule in seeds.

A

VEGETABLE OILS AND FATS

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12
Q

It may contain larger quantities and the usual sources of fixed oils.

A

SEEDS

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13
Q

Examples of Seeds (Vegetable Oils and Fats)

A

CASTOR SEED
COTTON SEED
SESAME SEED
COCONUT
HEMP SEED
ALMOND SEED
LINSEED

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14
Q

Fixed Oils are sometimes classified as:

A

DRYING OILS
SEMI-DRYING OILS
NON-DRYING OILS

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15
Q

It May also be of plant and animal origin

A

WAXES

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16
Q

Liquid at normal temperature

A

FIXED OILS AND FATS

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17
Q

Are semi-solid to solid at ordinary temperature

A

WAXES

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18
Q

Principal constituents of many drugs

A

FIXED OILS AND FATS

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19
Q

There are no chemical differences of Fixed Oils and Fats of plants or animal origin

A
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20
Q

Most Vegetable Oils are liquid at ordinary temperature except:

A

COCOA BUTTER - SOLID VEGETABLE OIL

21
Q

Most Animal Fats are solid Except:

A

COD LIVER OIL - LIQUID ANIMAL FAT

22
Q

Fixed Oils and Fats of Vegetative Origin are obtained by:

A

EXPRESSION IN HYDRAULIC PRESSES

23
Q

Virgin/Cold Pressed Oil

A

COLD

24
Q

Hot-pressed Oil

A

HOT

25
Q

These are separated from other tissues by rendering with steam or without steam.

A

ANIMAL FATS

26
Q

Examples of Saturated Fixed Oils

A

COCONUT OIL
PALM OIL
PALM KERNEL OIL

27
Q

Examples of Monosaturated Fixed Oils

A

CASTOR OIL
OLIVE OIL
RAPESEED OIL
PEANUT OIL

28
Q

Examples of Polyunsaturated Fixed Oils

A

ALMOND OIL
CORN OIL
COTTONSEED OIL
COD LIVER OIL
LINSEED OIL
PERSIC OIL
SOYBEAN OIL
SESAME OIL
SAFFLOWER OIL
SUNFLOWER OIL

29
Q

Fats and Related Compounds

A

THEOBROMA OIL - COCOA BUTTER/CACAO BUTTER
LANOLIN - HYDROUS WOOLFAT
ANHYDROUS LANOLIN - WOOLFAT
HYDROGENATED VEGETABLE OILS
LARD

30
Q

Are esters resulting from the condensation of high molecular weight, straight-chain acids and alcohols.

A

WAXES

31
Q

Well-known Waxes

A

BEESWAX
CARNAUBA WAX
SPERMACETI

32
Q

General Uses of Waxes

A

▪ Hardens ointments and creams
▪ Preparation of Cerates
▪ Protective coatings in industry and art.

33
Q

Waxes in Plants

A

CARNAUBA WAX
BAYBERRY WAX

34
Q

Waxes in Insects

A

BEESWAX
LACWAX

35
Q

Waxes in Other Animals

A

SPERMACETI

36
Q

It has No C-C double bonds

The presence of double bonds in fatty acids significantly lowers the melting point relative to a saturated fatty acid.

A

SATURATED FATTY ACIDS

37
Q

Saturated fatty acids of less than eight carbon atoms are ____ at physiological temperature, whereas those containing more than ten are ___.

A

LIQUID; SOLID

38
Q

Examples of Saturated Fatty Acids

A

LAURIC ACID
ARACHIDIC ACID
MYRISTIC ACID
PALMITIC ACID
STEARIC ACID

39
Q

▪ With double bonds
▪ Oxygen saturates the double bonds to form oxides that may polymerize to form hard films (important in film industry)

A

UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS

40
Q

Double bonds also take up hydrogen in the proper conditions producing semi-solid fats that are used extensively as ____

A

COOKING FATS AND SHORTENING

41
Q

It refers to the number of mg of KOH required to saponify the esters contained in 1 g of the substance.

A

ESTER VALUE

42
Q

Fixed Oils are classified based on their ability to absorb oxygen from the air: Drying oils, Semi- drying oils, and Non-drying Oils

A

UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS

43
Q

It refers to the number of mg of KOH required to neutralized the free acids and saponify the esters contained in 1 g of the substance is equal to the sum of Acid Value and Ester Value.

A

SAPONIFICATION VALUE

44
Q

It refers to the number of mg of KOH required to neutralize the free acids contained in 1 g of the substance.

A

ACID VALUE/ACID NUMBER

45
Q

It refers to the number of grams of Iodine absorbed, under prescribed conditions, by 100 g of the substance.

A

IODINE VALUE

46
Q

Examples of Drying Oils (Fixed Oils)

A

▪ Castor seed
▪ Croton seed
▪ Linseed
▪ Candle nut
▪ Physic nut

47
Q

Examples of Non-Drying Oils (Fixed Oils)

A

▪ Cashew nut
▪ Coconut
▪ Cottonseed
▪ Cacao seed
▪ Olive seed
▪ Peanut
▪ Sesame seed
▪ Sweet almond seed

48
Q

Examples of Fats and Waxes

A

▪ Honey
▪ Entada
▪ Horse-radish tree
▪ Squash
▪ Lard
▪ Spermaceti
▪ White wax
▪ Woolfat

PPC D (8 decks)

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