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PPC D > resins > Flashcards

resins Flashcards

1
Q

The term is applied to more or less solid, amorphous products of complex chemical nature.

A

RESIN

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2
Q

They are usually formed in schizogenous ducts or cavities and are end product of metabolism.

A

RESIN

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3
Q

Physical property of resin

A

hard, transparent or translucent and upon heating it soften and finally melt

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4
Q

When Heated: Chemically, are complex mixtures of:

A

RESIN ACIDS
RESIN ALCOHOLS (Resinol)
RESIN PHENOLS (Resinotannols)
ESTERS
RESENES

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5
Q

It is a chemically inert compound

A

RESENES

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6
Q

Resins are insoluble in __

A

WATER

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7
Q

Resins are usually insoluble in ___

A

PETROLEUM SPIRITS

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8
Q

Resins are soluble in ___

A

ALCOHOL
CHLOROFORM
ETHERS

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9
Q

Some investigators believe, it is an oxidation products of ___.

A

TERPENES

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10
Q

Several Resins: used in Pharmacy and in Art:

A

GUAIAC
ROSIN
MASTIC

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11
Q

When separated and purified, they are
usually ____ that fuse readily when heated, after passing through a preliminary stage of softening.

A

BRITTLE, AMORPHOUS SOLID

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12
Q

On evaporation, these solutions deposit the resin as a ___

A

VARNISH-LIKE FILM

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13
Q

❑ Burn with characteristic, smoky flame.

A

RESINS

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14
Q

Resins Combinations

A

VOLATILE OILS
GUMS
OIL AND GUMS
BALSAMS
GLYCOSIDAL COMBINATION

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15
Q

Volatile Oils examples

A

OLEORESINS
• Copaiba, Mastic, Capsicum, Ginger,
Turpentine

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16
Q

Gums examples

A

Gum-Resins
• Gamboge

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17
Q

Oil and Gums examples

A

Oleo-gum resins
• Myrrh, Asafoetida, Olibanum

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18
Q

They are water-soluble carbohydrate derivatives; they can be separated from oleoresins rather easily.

A

GUMS

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19
Q

Are resinous mixtures that contain cinnamic acid, benzoic acid or both, or esters of these acids: (Typical Balsams)

A

BALSAMS

20
Q

Examples of Balsam

A

• Balsam of Peru, Balsam of Tolu, Storax

21
Q

This term has been erroneously applied to some oleoresins (balsam of copaiba). This error has been occasionally led to some confusion.

A

BALSAM

22
Q

Examples of Glycosidal Combination

A

Glucoresins/Glycoresins
• Ipomea, Jalap, Phodophyllum

23
Q

❑ Differ from a resin or resin combination.
❑ Obtained from the plant in a similar manner and they be studied together with them.

A

LATEX

24
Q

❑ A natural product of variable composition and of milky consistency making up the cytoplasm of special plant tissues consisting of laticiferous cells or vessels.

A

LATEX

25
Q

❑ The milky appearance is due to the _____ in a liquid dispersion medium with a very different refractive index.

A

COLLOIDAL SUSPENSION OF SMALL PARTICLES IN A LIQUID

26
Q

These contain a large proportion of oxyacids, usually combining the properties of carboxylic acid and phenols.

A

RESIN ACIDS

27
Q

Are soluble aqueous solutions of the alkalies usually soap like solutions or colloidal suspensions.

A

RESIN ACIDS

28
Q

Metallic salts of Resin Acids are known as:

A

RESINATES

29
Q

Examples of Resin Acids

A

▪ Abietic acid – Rosin or Colophony
▪ Aleuritic acid – Shellac
▪ Commiphoric acid – Myrrh
▪ Copaibic and Oxycopaibic acid – Copaiba
▪ Guaiaconic acid –Guaiac
▪ Primaric acid – Burgundy pitch and Frankincene
▪ Sandaracolic acid – Sandarac

30
Q

❑ Are complex alcohols of high molecular weight

A

RESIN ALCOHOLS

31
Q

It does not give such a reaction.

A

RESINOLS

32
Q

It gives a tannin reaction with iron salts

A

RESINOTANNOLS

33
Q

Examples of simple aromatic acids:

A

▪ Benzoic acid
▪ Salicylic acid
▪ Cinnamic acid
▪ Umbellic acid

34
Q

Examples of Resin Alcohols

A

▪ Benzoresinol – Benzoin
▪ Storesinol – Storax
▪ Guaiacresinol – Guaiac

35
Q

Examples of Resinotannols

A

▪ Aloeresinotannol –Aloe
▪ Peruresinotannol – Balsam of Peru
▪ Toluresinotannol – Balsam of Tolu ▪Ammoresinotannol and Galbaresinotannol – Ammoniac
▪ Siaresinotannol and Sumaresinotannol – Benzene

36
Q

❑ Are complex neutral substances devoid of characteristic chemical properties.

A

RESENES

37
Q

❑ They do not form salts or esters.
❑ Are insoluble in and resist by alkalies.

A

RESENES

38
Q

Examples of Resenes

A

▪ Alban and Fluavil –Gutta percha
▪ Copalresene – Copal
▪ Dammaresene – Dammar
▪ Dracoresene – Dragon’s blood
▪ Olibanoresene – Olibanum

39
Q

❑ Are complex mixtures yielding sugars and complex resin acids on hydrolysis.

A

GLUCORESINS/GLYCORESINS

40
Q

Examples of Glucoresins

A

▪ Resins of Jalap
▪ Resins of Scammony

41
Q

Resins are obtained by:

A

❖ Extracting the drug with alcohol and
precipitating the resin with water.

❖Separating the oil from oleoresin by distillation

❖Heating the Plant part

❖Collecting Fossil resins

❖ Collecting the natural product that has exuded as oleoresins from the plant through natural or artificial punctures and from which the natural oils has partially evaporated into the atmosphere.

42
Q

Extracting the drug with alcohol and
precipitating the resin with water. Give examples.

A

▪ Jalap
▪ Ipomea
▪ Scammony
▪ Podophyllum

43
Q

❖Separating the oil from oleoresin by distillation. Give examples

A

▪ Rosin –Turpentine
▪ Copaivic resin – Copaiba

44
Q

❖Heating the Plant part. Give examples

A

▪ Guaiac resin –Guaiac wood

45
Q

❖Collecting Fossil resins. Give examples.

A

▪ Copal
▪ Dammar
▪ Kauri

46
Q

❖Collecting the natural product that has exuded as oleoresins from the plant through natural or artificial punctures and from which the natural oils has partially evaporated into the atmosphere. Examples

A

▪ Burgundy pitch
▪ Mastic
▪ Sandarac
▪ Dragon’s blood

47
Q

Sources

A

• RESINS
• CANNABIS
• CHICO
• CHINESE UMBRELLA TREE MELIA/
PARAISO
• COMMON MILK HEDGE
• DERRIS
• GINGER
• MANGO
• MANGOSTEEN
• MIMUSOPS
• STICK TREE

PPC D (10 decks)

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