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metabolism year 2 > Lipoproteins > Flashcards

Lipoproteins Flashcards

1
Q

what do lipoprotein particles contain

A

A hydrophobic core containing esters of cholesterol and glycerol

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2
Q

describe the surface of lipoproteins

A

hydrophilic and contain phospholipids, free cholesterol and apoproteins

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3
Q

how are lipoproteins classified

A

size and density

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4
Q

what are the classifications of lipoproteins

A

VLDL
IDL
LDL
HDL

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5
Q

how are chylomicrons synthesized

A

by intestinal epithelial cells

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6
Q

what happens after the chylomicrons are synthesized

A

they are secreted into lymphatic circulation and drains into the blood at the thoratic duct

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7
Q

what does chylomicrons do

A

transports dietary triacylglycerols, lipid soluable vitamins and cholesterol around peripheral tissues

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8
Q

what happens to lipoprotein lipase

A

synthesized by tissues and secreted into circulation, where attached to endothelial cells eg adipocytes, mytocytes

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9
Q

what happens to the monoacylglycerol produced

A

cleaved into glycerol and free fatty acid by monoacylglycerol lipase in plasma

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10
Q

what happens to the free fatty acids and glycerol produced

A

taken up by tissues

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11
Q

what happens to the chylomicron remnant

A

removed from circulation by binding to LDL-like receptors on hepatocytes and receptor-meditated endocytosis

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12
Q

what does chylomicron do

A

delivers dietary cholesterol and lipid soluble vitamins to the liver

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13
Q

where is VLDL produced

A

in the liver hepatocytes from the endogenous cholesterol

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14
Q

what does VLDL do

A

moves through circulation of tissues and LDL removes TAG

exchange of TAG with cholesteryl esters in HDL

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15
Q

what is LDL

A

cholesterol rich lipoproteins

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16
Q

what does LDL do

A

delivers cholesterol to peripheral tissues such as the adrenal gland
binds to LDL receptors and internalized by receptor-meditated endocytosis

17
Q

where are LDL receptors expressed

A

on liver hepatocytes

18
Q

how does synthesis of bile acids happen

A

cholesterol is removed from the circulation and excretion in bile

19
Q

what happens in reverse cholesterol transport

A

Apolipoprotein A is synthesised by liver and incorporated into VLDL
in circulation apolipoprotein A dissassociates from VLDL
as it moves through circulation, acquires cholesterol and phospholipids from membrane of cells in peripheral tissues, forming HDL

20
Q

what is cholesterol esterficated by

A

LCAT

21
Q

where is LCAT produced and secreted from

A

the liver

22
Q

what does LCAT do

A

binds to apoliprotein A, so bound to HDL

23
Q

what is the reaction catalysed by

A

cholesterol ester transfer protein
made and secreted by hepatocytes and bound to HDL

24
Q

what removes TAG and phospholipids in HDL

A

hepatic lipase

metabolism year 2 (24 decks)

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