Lit. Final Review Flashcards
comic relief
the inclusion of a humorous character, scene or witty dialogue in an otherwise serious work, often to relieve tension
restoration of order
when the order of poem is returned by the end
organic imagery
internal sensation: hunger, thirst, fatigue, fear
epic
a long narrative poem in formal style and it tells the deads of a hero who is important in terms of the tribe, the nation, and in this case the world
blank verse
unrhymed iambic pentameter
parody
the parody is an imitation of a literary form that exaggerates and tries to make fun of something. The Parody is the holy trinity of the father, the son, and the holy spirit, and so then Satan, Sin, and Death
tragedy
A realistic sad ending story, where everyone dies
exeunt
used as a stage direction in a printed play to indicate that a group of characters leave the stage.
manent
remain on stage
aside
when the person is talking to the audience and no other character in the play is listening
soliloquy
an act of speaking one’s thoughts aloud when by oneself
in medias res
it doesn’t start at the beginning it starts in the middle of things
invocation to the muse
It is a call to the muse to help write the poem, in Paradise Lost it is the Holy Spirit
epic simile
It is a long like or as, and then comes back with so or such
epithet
Name calling such as gray eyed Athena, or offspring of heaven and earth and all of the Earth’s Lord, Adam. And Daughter of god and man, immortal Eve.
argument
a summary of the subject matter of a book.
prelapsarian
before the fall
postlapsarian
after the fall
Hamlet as a tragedy
Sad ending Individual Ideal Absolute Profound concerns We identify with the characters One plot Human’s great potential
Symbol and imagery in Hamlet: play within the play, ghost, poison, incest, seeming, unweeded garden, sickness, theatre, painting
Manning the battlements Unweeded garden Gardeners Sickness Poison Incest Rottenness Yorick’s skull Animals, adder 3.4.203 (2467), waterfly and chough 5.2.82 and 86 (2493), woodcock 5.2.277 (2497) Worms, 4.3.20-24 (2470) Black clothing Theatre Clothing, 4.7.76-79 (2481) Seeming Play within the play Painting, 3.1.137-38 (2450), 4.7.106-08 (2482), 5.1.167-69 (2488), 5.2.77-78 (2492) Ghost Denmark Prison, 2.2.234-40 (2439) Microcosm/macrocosm Pharaoh’s dream
Structure of Hamlet (uses the Freytag Pyramid)
Hamlet uses the Freytag Pyramid
The exposition is first, and this is where the conflict and the characters are all introduced
During rising action, the conflict keeps growing as the Ghost appears and asks Hamlet to avenge his murder, and Hamlet feigns madness to his intentions, and stages a play within a play as he tries to murder Claudius but doesnt
The Climax of the story then comes When Hamlet stabs Polonius through the arras in Act III, Scene IV, as he rashly has killed someone and brings himself into unavoidable irreversable conflict with the king, and is then sent to Englad to be killed
During the falling actions, we see Hamlet return to Denmark and confront Leartes at Ophelia’s funeral
The Denoumant happens when the fencing match is rigged with a poisiounous tipped “sword” and poisioned cup and the whole royal family dies, and the tragedy is complete
Hamlet’s character
He is thirty years old He is a prince a royal He wears black He is a student at wittenburg He is in good physical shape He is very good with words He is very highly philosophical He talks about the nature of man and the nature of the universe and he talks about these things Hamlet is very rash in sudden action He is very murderous He is suicidal He is mad Gains loyal friends Misogynistic Hates women Quick to act/slow to act Vengeful Ambitious Intelligent Clever with the player Cunning Has a sense of foreboding
Laertes and Fortinbras as foils to Hamlet
A foil is a minor character who is mostly like the major character but the difference helps us understand the major character better; fortinbras and leartes are in the play and they tell us what Hamlet could’ve done but didn’t do fortinbras and hamlet are both princess and both are very ambitious and both their uncles are kings; fortinbras is at least 30 years old, and he is not vengeful. They are different because he is not out for revenge and does something about it and he goes out to be a conquering hero. Hamlet doesn’t do anything, he is just unhappy and we know that Hamlet is abititous because in ACT V when hamlet is talking to horatio hamlet tell him why Hamlet doesn’t like Claudius, and on pg. 2492 he had killed my king and hoard my mother, and he had wanted to be king, and Hamlet was liked by the people, but Hamlet didn’t do anything about this, compared to Fortinbras
They both want revenge in order to avenge the death of his father, and Leartes bought poison to try and kill Claudius, and hamlet does nothing, and Leartes and a bunch of other men, they march right in to kill him without asking any questions, and so Leartes is then informed that it was hamlet, and so then leartes wants to go about and kill hamlet, and leartes says that he will kill Hamlet even if it was at the church, and Shakespeare put it in there in order to contrast the two. Leartes in no time at all has killed hamlet
Rosencrantz and Guildenstern/Polonius/Osric as politicians
They represent the corruption of the court, they are all very curropt they must all be suspicious that claudius kiled his own borother, and they are willing to spy on Hamlet no matter what and they have given up their own personality. So one needs to say how curropt the court is and the spying. One must also say what has happened to them, the thing about the weasel, and the clown, and so polonios will just do anything. Rosencratz and Gilderstern are never apart, and so they even die together. Osric, it is a similar situation, where the king says take of your bonnet, and so he tuc of his bot, and so Hamlet sees this as a pretense, and so Osric says its very hot and then Hamlet says it’s very Cold, and so Osric just agrees with everything
All true personality has been lost
