Test 3 Bio Flashcards
Quiz 10, 11, 12
1
Q
The filtering unit of the nephron is
A
renal corpuscle made up of the gloemerulus and bowmans capsule
2
Q
65% of water is absorbed in
A
proximal tubule
3
Q
The descending loop of Henle is
permeable to
A
water
4
Q
The digestion and utilization of which nutirent creates the greatest need for nitrogenous waster exretion
A
protein
5
Q
In the thick ascending loop of henle Na and Cl atoms are pumped up the concentration gradient from an area of lesser concentration within the tubule to an area of greater concentration outside the tubule this involves
A
active transport
6
Q
Increased ADH secretion is likely after
A
sweating-induced dehydration increases plasma osmolarity
7
Q
Melatonin
A
pineal gland
8
Q
ACTH, STH, GH, TSH, FSH, LH, PRL
A
anterior lobe pituitary
9
Q
ADH
A
posterior lobe pituitary
10
Q
Parathyroid Hromone
A
parathyroid
11
Q
Testosterone
A
testes
12
Q
Thyroxin
A
thryoid
13
Q
Calcitonin
A
thryoid
14
Q
Estrogen
A
ovaries
15
Q
Insulin
A
pancreatic islets
16
Q
Regulaes effect of light dark cycle on other glands
A
melatonin
17
Q
increases cell division, protein
synthesis, promotes growth
especially in the bones
A
GH
18
Q
increases glucose levels in blood
and brain
A
Glucagon
19
Q
stimulates secretion of thryoxin
and triidothyronine
A
TSH
20
Q
releases calcium from bone,
increases clacium absorption
in digestive tract and kidneys
A
Parathyroid Hormones
21
Q
increases rate of clacium deposition in bone
A
Calcitonin
22
Q
maintains male secondary sex characteristic
A
Testosterone
23
Q
increases cellular glucose uptake and conversion of glucose to glycogen
A
Insulin
24
Q
stimulates and maintains metabolic
processes
A
Thyroxin
25
stimulates muscle contractions of the uterus
Oxytocin
26
substances produced by one part of the body that have an effect on specific target cells located in a different part of the body
Hormones
27
excessive secretion of GH by the anterior pituitary results in
Pituitary Giantism
28
if individuals produce too much thyroxin
hyperactive
29
excessive production of GH during adulthood results in
acromegaly
30
Grave's disease is
Hyperthyroidism
31
if the thyroid is underactive while an infant is maturing, the child may develop a condition called
cretenism
32
control center of the endocrine system
hypothalamus
33
which of the following hormones has the broadest range of targest
GH
34
every time you eat a cookie or candy bar, your blood sugar increases. This triggers an increase in the hormone
Insulin
35
which of the following hormones have antagonistic (opposing) effects?
insulin and glucagons
36
which disorder is correctly matched with its cause?
pituitary dwarfism and hyposecretion of growth hormone
37
injections of a hormone are sometimes given to strengthen contraction of the uterus during childbirth. What hormone might this be?
Oxytocin
38
type I diabetes mellitus
an autoimmune disease that develops following immune attack on pancreatic cells
39
jet lag occurs when a person moves rapidly from one time zone to another, cuasing conflict between the body's biological rhythm and the new cylce of light and dark. Some scientists suspect that jet lag may result from disruption of a daily hormone cylce. which of the following hormones do you think is the most likely suspect?
melatonin
40
as a young girl, maria suffered a head injury that damages her pituitary. An injury to the pituitary is particularly serios because of all the function controlled by this gland. As maria got older, she and her doctors found that all of the following except ________ were affected.
blood sugar level/pancreas
41
Because only the _________ gland uses iodine to make its hormones, radioactive iodine is often used as a treatment for tumors of this gland.
thyroid
42
Only one chromosme of each homologus pair is present
Haploid
| n
43
the male gonad is
testis
44
sperm are produced in
seminiferous tubules
45
peaks of LH and FSH production occur
the period surounding ovulation
46
the female gonad is
ovary
47
the simplest definition of meiosis is
reduction cell division
48
oogenesis
has unequal cytokenesis
| produces one large ocum and smaller polar bodies
49
in anisogamtes, the male gamete is usually
Smaller
Called sperm
Mptile
50
In anisogametes, the female gamete is usually
Larger
Called ovum
No motile
51
genetic variation in sexual reproductin may occur by which means
crossing over in meiosis I
independent assortment of the chromosomes in gametogenesis
genetic recombination via fertilization
52
the primary function o the polar bodies is
dumping ground for extra chromosomes
53
Meiosis II does not take place in the oocyte until
puberty
54
the joining of the spemr and ovum is called
fertilization
55
the ball of cells which consists of 32 cells produced by a rapid series of cell division is
called morula
| has the same colume as the zygote
56
the cells arranged themselves so that there is a hollow cntral cavity called the blastoceol, this stage is called the
blastula
57
cells invaginate, and ifferentiate to form three tissues layers the ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. This stge is called
gastrula
58
through differentiation the cells of this tissue form the muscles and bones of the musculoskeletal system. This tissue layer is
mesoderm
59
coild tobues on top of each testis, which stores sperm until they are ejeculated
epididymis
60
secrete mucous and an alkaline fluid which neutralizes the acidity of urin remaining in the urethra and which provides lubrication to facilitate penetration of the vagina
bulbourethral gland
61
sperm duct which carries the sperm from the epididymus to the ejaculatory duct
seminal vesicle
62
carries the ovum to the uterus
fallopian tubes
63
hollow, muscular, thick walled organ lined with mucous membranes in which the ebryo implants iself
uterus
64
recieves the sprm nd is the birth canal it is highly acid
vagina
65
during the first third of human pregnancy, the major source of progesterone is
corpus luteum
66
which of the follwing correctly traces the path of spemr from their site of production to exiting a man's body?
seminiferous tubule-epididymis-vasdeferens-urethra
67
on its way to fertilize a human egg, a perm cell does no have to pass through which of the following
ovary
68
folic acid is important ton ormal enurla tube development. Its absence can lead to
anecephaly
69
for a species with the genotype AaBbCcDdEe, how many different combination of chormosomes are possivle in the gametes
32
70
homologous chormosomes separate during
meiosis I
71
which of the following affects the number of genetically distinct gametes that an organism can make
the number of chromosomes in the cell
the number of genes for which different alleles are present
random alignment of chromosomes during meiosis
corossing over during meiosis
72
corssing over is_________.
the exchange of homologous protion of nonsister chromatids
73
which of the following correctly displays the sequence of development milestones?
cleaveage-morula-blastula-gastrula
74
the archenteron of the developing frog eventually develops into the
digestive tract
75
the neural fold and neural tube lead to the formation of
spinal cord
brain
central nervous system
76
The type of neuron that when stimulated by the environement transmists an impulse to the central nervous system is an
sensory neurons
77
motor neurons generally transmit information to the CNS
False
78
You come o class and are surprised to find out that there is an exan today. As a result of your surprise, your heart rate increases, you're breathing rate increases, and your digestive system shuts down. Amazingly, you remain calm enough to realize that these events are being stimualted by
sympathetic division of the PNS
79
the part of the nervous system which includes the brain and spinal cord is
central nervious system
80
in a neuron, the exon conducts nerve impulses
away from the cell body
81
inside the neuron there are lare organic ions that carry
negative electric charge
82
in humnas the best developed area of the brain is the
cerebrum
83
synaptic transmission generally depends upon the release of
neurotransmitters
84
the space between two neurons is
synaptic cleft
85
conduction of a nerve impulse is
electrochemical
86
those nerves leading from the central nervious system to the skeletal muscles or glands
somatic nervous system
87
in the axon of a neuron at resting potential, the elctrical charge is
more negative inside the membrane
88
a thin muscular diapragm that regulates the size of the pupil and therefore the amount of light entering the eye is
iris
89
receptors for the sense of smell are
olfactory cells
90
rods in the retina of the eye are responsible for
night vision
91
in the eye, light energy is converted into
chemical energy
92
an impulse is generated when the fluid in the cochlea moves the tectoral membrane against the hair and nerve endings of the
basilar membrane
93
in the rods of the ye, light striking the ye cuases the pigment rhodopsin to break down into
opsin
94
in vertebrates, the photoreceptors o the eye are foind on the
retina
95
glaucoma is caused by __________
blockage of the ducts that drain the aqueous humor
96
which of the following correctly traces the path of light into your eye?
cornea, pupil, lens, retina
97
which of these is the correct path of sound waves to the choclea?
auditory canal-eardrum-hammer-anvil-stirrup-oval window
98
which of the following best descibes a nerve signal?
passage of ions through the membrane of a neuron
99
damage to the nerve from the saccule and utricle to the brain could result in
dizzines
100
the smallest unit of contraction in skeletal muscle is
sarcomere
101
the bones of the pectoral girdle, arm, hands, pelvic girdle, legs and feet make up the
appendicular skeleton
102
which of the following is not a function of a vertebrate skeleton
protection of external structures
103
muscle fivers contract because
actin fibers and myosin fibers slide past each other
104
muslce contraction occurs when a sarcomere
shortens
105
you're treating a patient who experienced a fracture to her appendiucal skeleton. Treatment of which of the following bones is indicated
hip
106
all the following are important functions of the skelatl system except that
provides for rapid communication
107
which of the following is not part of the axial skeleton
limbs
108
which is a ball-and-socket joint?
sholder
109
which of the major types of muscle in humans has a primary function in movement?
skeletal
110
which of the following statemnets best descrives the sliking filament mechanism of muslce contraction?
as they slide past each other, actin filaments shorten, while myosin filaments do not shorten
111
which of the folloiwng types of muscle in huymns is involved in voluntary body movements?
skeletal
112
arm and leg muscles are arranged in antagonistc paris. How does this affect their functioning?
it allows the muscles to produce opposing movements
