test 1 final

Question 1

Channel (9)

Answer 1

the medium through which the message passes

Question 2

co-culture (32)

Answer 2

different cultures within a main cultural group such as age, occupation, sexual orientation, physical disabilities, religion, activity of interests

Question 3

cognitive complexity (29)

Answer 3

the ability to construct a variety of frameworks for viewing an issue.

Question 4

Communication (13)

Answer 4

A transactional process involving particiapnts who occupy different but overlapping environmets and create relationships through the exchange of messages, many of which are affected by external, physciological, and psychological noise.

Question 5

Communication competence (25)

Answer 5

achieving one’s goals in am annger that, in most cases, maintains or enhances the relationship in which it occurs.

Question 6

Content dimension (15)

Answer 6

the information being explicitly discussed

Question 7

Decode (10)

Answer 7

makes sense of the message

Question 8

Disinhibition (22)

Answer 8

the tendency to transmit messages without considering their consequences , speaking before we think

Question 9

Dyad (17)

Answer 9

two people interacting

Question 10

Encode (9)

Answer 10

puts thoughts into symbols, usually words

Question 11

Environment (11)

Answer 11

firles of experience that affect how they undertand other’s behavior

Question 12

Impersonal communication (17)

Answer 12

not group, public, or mass communication

Question 13

Instrumental goals (8)

Answer 13

getting others to behave in ways we want such as telling toehrs how we want our food, or our hair style, etc.

Question 14

Interpersonal communication [quantitative and qualitative] (17)

Answer 14

quantitiative–any interaction between two people
qualitative–when people treat one another as unique individuals, regardless of the context in which the interction ocurs or the number of people involved.

Question 15

Linear communication model (9)

Answer 15

communication model which depicts communication as someothing a sender “does to” a reciever

Question 16

Mediated communication (18)

Answer 16

Conversation that takes place across a telephone, or correspondence, but also includes internet communication such as IM, E-MAIL, Twitter, facebook MySpace, blogs, etc.

Question 17

Message (9)

Answer 17

the information being transmitted

Question 18

Noise (10)

Answer 18

distractions that disrupt transmission

Question 19

Receiver (9)

Answer 19

the person attending to the message

Question 20

Relational dimension (15)

Answer 20

expresses how you feel about the other person; if you like or dislike them, or if you feel in control or a subordinate in the relationship

Question 21

Richness (21)

Answer 21

the abundance of nonverbal cues that add clarity to a verbal message

Question 22

Self-monitoring (30)

Answer 22

desribe the process of paying close attention to one’s behavior and using these observations to shape the way one behaves.

Question 23

Sender (9)

Answer 23

the person creating the message

Question 24

Transactional communication model (10)

Answer 24

people send and receive messages simultaneously and not in a undirectional or back-and-forth manner, with communicators often occupying different environments that affect how the y understand other’s behavior

Question 25

Self-Concept (40)

Answer 25

the relatively stable set of perception you hold of yourself

Question 26

self-esteem(41)

Answer 26

evaltuion of self-worth

Question 27

personality

Answer 27

characteristic ways that you think abd behave across a variety of situation

Question 28

The big five personality traits

Answer 28

extrovert (sociable, fun-loving, talkative, spontaneous) vs. introverted (reserved, sober, quite, self-controlled) open(imaginative, independent, curious, broadd interests) vs. not open (unimaginative, confroming, incurious, narrow interests) conscientious (careful, reliable, perservering, ambitious) vs. undirected (careless, undependable, lax aimless) agreeable (courteous, selfless, trusting, copperative) vs. antagonistic (rude, selfish, suspicious, uncooperative) neurotic (worried, ulneravle, self-pitying, impatient) vs. stable (calm, hardy, self-satisfied, patient)

Question 29

reflected appraisal

Answer 29

each of us develops a self-concept that reflects the way we believe others to see us

Question 30

significant others

Answer 30

people whose opnions we expecially value such as family members

Question 31

social comparison

Answer 31

evaluating ourselves in terms of how we compare with others

Question 32

reference groups

Answer 32

groups against which we compare ourselves and play an important role in shapping our view of ourselves

Question 33

cognitive conservatsm

Answer 33

the tendency to seek and attend to information that conforms to an existing self-concept

Question 34

self-fulfilling prophecy

Answer 34

occurs when a person's expectations of an event, and his or her subsequent behavior basd on those expectations, make the event more likely to occur than would otherwise have beeb true

Question 35

identity management

Answer 35

the communication strategies that people use to influence how other view them

Question 36

presenting self

Answer 36

public image sometimes called one's face

Question 37

perceived self

Answer 37

a reflection of the self-concept

Question 38

Physical needs

Answer 38

the lack of relationships jeopardizes our helath more than lack of exercise, than a bad diet, smoking, etc. Lack of relationships leads to a lower immune system and to higher levels of stress. Having any type of close relatinship is good enough to increase logevity. The death of a close loved one increases chances of death soon after

Question 39

Identity needs

Answer 39

we decide who we are based on how we interact with others. Howe people treat us, and tell us as we grow up and as we behave in the rest of our society will create our self-concept

Question 40

Social Needs

Answer 40

realatonal continuum: acquantance->friendshi->intimacy. Communication and socializing contributes more to a satisfying life than virutally nay oherr activityf

Question 41

Practical goals

Answer 41

Instrumental goals of getting others to behave in ways we want

Question 42

Will Schutz

Answer 42

Fundamental Interpersonal Relationship Needs

Question 43

Fundamental Interpersonal Relationship Needs

Answer 43

Social Inclussion, Affection, Behavior Control

Question 44

Social Inclussion

Answer 44

Met when we have sucessful interaction with others. If it is met we will see that people have no difficulty to associate and interact with other people and they enjoy themselves. If they are not well met they will compensate by having under-social behavior, withdrawing from frineds. Over socialization is the other method to compensate where they will try to hard to relate to other people

Question 45

Affection

Answer 45

Ability to give and reeive positive emotional relationships. If they are met they will feel at ease with who they are and will accept that not eveyrone is going to like them, but they have those that do. However, those that have not met this will compansate by having very superficial realtionships with very few indivudas or they will have a large number of superficial friends, but will fear rejecting. Or also, they might be trying too hard to gain that intimate relationship that they drive people away.

Question 46

Behavior Control

Answer 46

the need to feel competent and respected, have pepole take your opinion when making decisions. If these needs are met then they will not mind who it is that is making the decisions, a democrat. If they are not met they will either try to control everything, being the autocrat who is in charge and will try to dominate or will give up all control the abdicrat

Question 47

Psychologist Abraham Maslow

Answer 47

Maslow's hierarchy of needs

Question 48

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

Answer 48

1) Physiologica: Breathing, food water, sex, sleep, homeostatsis, excretion 2) Safety: security of: body, employment, resources, morality, the family, health, property 3) Love/Belonging: Friendhship, family, sexual intimacy 4) Esteem: Self-esteem, confidence, achievement, respect of others, respect by others 5) Self-actualization: morality creativity, spontaneity, problem solving, lack of prejudice, acceptance of facts

Question 49

symbolic transformation model

Answer 49

take an idea and then encode it and make it into symbols in an attempt to send that idea to the other person by using verbal (7%) paralanguage[tone of voice] (38%) and body language(55%) and the receiver will decode the code to put it back together into the idea, but the idea will never be exactly the same

Question 50

A linear view

Answer 50

the communication takes place in one directions like television signals, with noise in the middle blocking the path through a channel, that is selected to send the message in the encoding of words and gestures to the receiver who will decode the message

Question 51

Transactional communication model (10)

Answer 51

COMMUNICAITON model that takes place between two communicators as they encode their message and send this message through a channel, with messages beind simultaneously transmitted through the media at hand, with the messages being exchanged in the overlapping regions of the environment of each communicator

Question 52

Communication principles

Answer 52

communication can be intentional or unintentional, communication is irreversible, it is impossible not to communicate, communication is unrepeatable

Question 53

Communication misconceptions

Answer 53

more communication is not alays better, meanings are not in words, communication will not solve all problems

Question 54

there is no ideal way to communicate

Answer 54

the method used to convery our point is not particialarly important, just as long as we know how to send it accordingly and appropriately

Question 55

competence is situatonal

Answer 55

competent communicatioon may be good in one setting but may not be the case in another environment

Question 56

Characteristics of competent communications

Answer 56

They have a repertoire of choices and different approaches to solve the problem[wide range of behaviors], ability to choose the most appropriate behavior, skill at performing behaviors, cognitive complexity[able to categorize things approrpriately to be able to call them up the category of approaches to best fit the sitatuion]. Also, empathy, self-monitoring, an commitment is important

Question 57

Comepetence in intercultural communication

Answer 57

the motivation to want to communicate, the tolearance of differences and an open-mind to accept and respect these differences.

Question 58

Types of mindfulness

Answer 58

passive observatioin, active strategies, and self-diclosure

Question 59

Self-Esteem

Answer 59

at 5 yrs. 80% have high self-esteem, but by age 18 only 20% still do

Question 60

postive cycle

Answer 60

high self-esteem->+ thoughts->desirable behavior->+ thoughs->high self-esteem

Question 61

negative cycle

Answer 61

low self-esteem->- thoughts->undesirable behavior->- thoughts-> low self-esteem

Question 62

self-concept development

Answer 62

development by the feedback from our parents and our other significat others, interaction with others while in school ad with tour friends [our reference/peer group] and our view of self as an object[comparison with others] if we are good looking or not, which plays a large role in our self-concept.

Question 63

Role Playing

Answer 63

when we act out and playing out then we are defining our self concept as we like the idea of the character we took up

Question 64

Role taking

Answer 64

to hypothesis about ourselves and acting it out in our heads also defining our self-concept

Question 65

expectancy theory

Answer 65

what you expect is what you get, feel like you are going to have a good day then you will as the mind will try to work it out as such. This figres heavily into the positive cylce and the negative cycle as they are both based upon this.

Question 66

Characteristics of Self-Concept

Answer 66

subjective to what ohers think of us. It can be distorted, some leaning towards positive and others towards negative, but very few are accurate. This distoration could be based upon Obsolte information from past failure or over critical feed back that distorts our self-concept. Lastyl, social expectatiois of body is going to make our self concept based upon the media portrait of perfection. also, it resists change, we do change but we cling to ouor past identification and this si cognitive conservatism and look for people who will support our self-concept

Question 67

Culture

Answer 67

Collectivist culture, where the family names comes first and look at your identity as a group, rather than the individualistic culture where one is based upon what they individual do, where they are currently form and not where they were born or the family name, more focues on their first individualistic name

Question 68

Sex & gender

Answer 68

youn men are more postive as they just have to be better in masculine things, such as running, lifting weights, etc. Women on the other hand are valued on how well they can relate, and express themeselves

Question 69

changing the self concept:

Answer 69

realitstic expectation of the self-concept, with too high an expectation we will be dissatisfied. theWill and skill to change, we cannot change just naturally we have to learn and pick up the trait.

Question 70

Identity Management

Answer 70

done in social situation and in the professional world to be perseived positively and we strive to construct multiple identies as much as possible. This cn be consciountious and unconcsciountouesly done to start and matnain relatinoshps and we are not phony but we are simply trying to put our best foot forward. This must also be done in Computer Mediated Communication (CMC) as employers and many other people will look at it to determine first impresions.

Question 71

Self-Monitors

Answer 71

they are better at being leaders as they are able to get the desired imporessions across better