Liver Enzymes Flashcards
(43 cards)
Liver specific/hepatocellular leakage enzymes
ALT and AST
Largest elevation of which enzyme is seen with inflammation and necrosis?
ALT
This enzyme increases with muscle damage but not significantly
ALT
Which drugs can cause an elevated ALT?
Corticosteroids, phenobarbital
Which hepatocellular leakage enzyme has a shorter half life?
AST
Which enzyme is more increased with muscle damage?
AST
What other value should you evaluate if AST»_space;> ALT and you are considering muscle damage?
Creatinine kinase
What enzyme is muscle specific?
Creatinine kinase
When will you see an elevated ALP?
Cholestasis, chronic hepatitis, necrosis, neoplasia
This enzyme is relatively non-specific and an be elevated with many hepatic disorders
ALP
Why does ALP have a low specificity in dogs?
Can be high in growing animals, w/bone neoplasia, drugs, endocrinopoathies, or chronically ill patients
What bone isoenzyme of ALP exists?
B-ALP (seen in growing animals and bone neoplasia)
What isoenzyme of ALP exists in dogs but not in cats?
Corticosteroid-induced (C-ALP)
Which dog breed normally has a relatively high ALP compared to other breeds?
Scottish terriers
What GI disease can cause ALP elevations?
IBD
Which enzyme is much more specific at indicating hepatobiliary disease in cats compared to dogs?
ALP
Why is ALP more specific for cats compared to dogs?
Hepatic stores are less than in dogs, short half life
What enzyme is more specific than ALP for cholestatic disease in dogs?
GGT
The liver is the exclusive site of synthesis for which protein?
Albumin
What are processes that cause decreased albumin other than liver problems?
PLE, PLN, acute blood loss, systemic inflammation
Are immunoglobulins made by the liver?
No
Where are immunoglobulins made?
Peripheral blood and LNs
How is BUN affected by liver dysfunction?
Decreased
Why does urea production decrease when the liver is atrophied or severely damaged?
Accumulation of ammonia
