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Biology I > LO4 > Flashcards

LO4 Flashcards

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1
Q

cell theory

A
  1. Cells are the basic unit of life
  2. Cells come from other cells
  3. All cells evolved from a common ancestor
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2
Q

What does the plasma membrane do

A

regulates the movement of materials in and out of a cell

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3
Q

cells need a ___ surface area relative to their internal volume

A

large

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4
Q

allows a cell to function as a distinct entity, separate from its environment

A

plasma membrane

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5
Q

as cells grow larger

A
  1. plasma membrane becomes limiting
  2. volume increases at a greater rate than SA
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6
Q

folds of the plasma membrane

A

microvilli

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7
Q

surface area of a cell is represented by

A

plasma membrane

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8
Q

volume of a cell represented by

A

cytoplasm

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9
Q

In prokaryotic cells DNA is found in

A

the nucleoid

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10
Q

Structures that could be found in prokaryotic cell

A

cytoskeleton, ribosomes, cytosol, plasma membrane, DNA, cell wall, flagella

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11
Q

all cell components outside of nucleus

A

cytoplasm

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12
Q

membrane enclosed organelles

A

eukaryotic cells

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13
Q

Includes all components within the nucleus

A

nucleoplasm

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14
Q

divide cells into compartments

A

membrane-bound organelles

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15
Q

fluid component of cytoplasm

A

cytosol

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16
Q

nucleus is the site of

A

transcription and ribosomes assembly

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17
Q

nucleus is formed by

A

nuclear envelope

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18
Q

nuclear envelope is a _____ membrane

A

double

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19
Q

Openings in the nuclear envelope

A

nuclear pores

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20
Q

nuclear pores regulate the passage of materials

A

between the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm

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21
Q

are made up of protein and RNA molecules

A

ribosomes

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22
Q

can be found free in the cytoplasm

A

ribosomes

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23
Q

contain the enzyme to form peptide bonds

A

Ribosomes

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24
Q

Begin their assembly in the nucleolus

A

ribosomes

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25
DNA + protein
chromatin
26
a network of membrane-bound organelles that exchange materials with each other through transport vesicles
endomembrane system
27
endoplasmic reticulum is a part of the
endomembrane system
28
plasma membrane is a part of the
endomembrane system
29
nucleus is a part of the
endomembrane system
30
various vesicles and vacuoles are apart of the
endomembrane system
31
peroxisomes are a part of the
endomembrane system
32
golgi complexes is a part of the
endomembrane system
33
lysosomes are a part of the
endomembrane system
34
has a great deal of surface area
endoplasmic reticulum
35
may have ribosomes on its outer surface
endoplasmic reticulum
36
extends from the nucleus
endoplasmic reticulum
37
has an inner fluid filled space called the lumen
endoplasmic reticulum
38
makes new membrane (i.e. phospholipid bilayer) for a cell
endoplasmic reticulum
39
involved in protein synthesis
rough ER
40
Proteins are folded and modified in
RER lumen
41
break down organelles
lysosomes
42
golgi consists of flattened membranous sacs called
cisternae
43
In what order is a the transport of a glycoprotein that is destined to be secreted from a cell
1. modified in the RER 2. Transport vesicle 3. cis face of Golgi 3. trans face of Golgi 4. secretory vesicle 5. plasma membrane
44
lysosomes bud off of the
Golgi complex
45
makes phospholipids, cholesterol, and steroid hormones
smooth ER
46
breaks down glycogen to glucose in the liver
smooth ER
47
detoxifies the liver by breaking down toxins
smooth ER
48
makes cell wall polysaccharides in plant cells
golgi complex
49
modifies and routes proteins from the ER
golgi complex
50
lysosomes and peroxisomes are
digestive organelles
51
contain digestive enzymes
lysosomes
52
are found in animal cells
lysosomes
53
break down extracellular materials
lysosomes
54
small membrane-bound organelles, similar to lysosomes, that break down fatty acids and some toxins
peroxisomes
55
animal and plant cells have
vacuoles
56
membranous fluid-filled sacs that lack internal structure
vacuoles
57
chloroplasts and mitochondria
1. have their own unique DNA 2.have their own ribosomes 3. have two membranes 4. are found in plant cells
58
water fills the large central vacuole to maintain cell firmness
turgor pressure
59
regulates apoptosis by activating certain enzymes
mitochondria
60
the innermost fluid-filled compartment
matrix
61
has a fluid filled space called the stroma
chloroplasts
62
supporting internal framework of protein filaments
cytoskeleton
63
folded membrane for chloroplasts
thylakoids
64
cytoskeleton is present only in
certain animals
65
microtubules are used in
movement and transport
66
Microtubules are hollow cylinders made from the protein
tubulin
67
In animals MTOC (also called centrosomes) are made of
two centrioles
68
each centriole is made of ___ arrangement
9x3
69
cilia and flagella are made from
microtubules
70
cilia and flagella have a ___ arrangement
9+2
71
Forms tracks throughout the cytoplasm
microtubules
72
form the spindle that moves condensed chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis
microtubules
73
cilia and flagella are anchored in a cell by
basal body
74
animal extracellular matrix is composed of carbohydrates and fibrous proteins such as
collegen
75
solid fibers made from protein actin
microfilaments
76
form cell extensions called microvilli that increase surface area
microfilaments
77
involved in the separation of daughter cells during cell division
microfilaments
78
animals cells lack a cell wall but have an
extracellular matrix(ECM)
79
cell wall is made of
polysaccharides

Biology I (15 decks)

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