Lymphoid Tissue

Question 1

What makes a lymphoid organ primary ?

Answer 1

When it produces lymphocytes

Question 2

What are the two primary lymphoid organs

Answer 2

Thymus and red bone marrow

Question 3

What are secondary lymphocytes?

Answer 3

Diffuse lymphoid tissue where lymphocytes are activated in response to antigens

Question 4

__________________ cells are most common where the body meets the outside world

Answer 4

Non-encapuslated

Question 5

Non-encapsulated diffuse tissue is found where?

Answer 5

GI tract, genitourinary tract, respiratory passages

Question 6

What is the difference between primary and secondary nodules

Answer 6

Primary nodules are dark in the middle and have a high concentration of naive cells; secondary nodules have a germinal center which is a much paler color and forms a corona

Question 7

What area are non-stratified squamous cells found in?

Answer 7

Mouth, anus, vagina, respiratory tract

Question 8

How are germinal centers different than mantles?

Answer 8

Germinal center is pale while the mantle is more dense

Question 9

Where do memory cells collect in secondary nodules?

Answer 9

Mantle

Question 10

What cell type is not found in the germinal center?

Answer 10

T cells

Question 11

What is one example of non-encapsulated lymphoid tissue aggregates?

Answer 11

The tonsils

Question 12

From most distal to most proximal what are the order of the tonsils?

Answer 12

Pharyngeal, palatine, lingual

Question 13

What do the tonsils do?

Answer 13

They protected against inhaled or ingested substances

Question 14

What tonsil section is characterized by large number of stratified squamous cells and 10-20 deep tonsillar crypts?

Answer 14

Palatine

Question 15

Which two sections of tonsils are most similar?

Answer 15

Lingual and palatine. They both have crypts, stratified squamous epithelium

Question 16

What tonsils have pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium?

Answer 16

Phayngeal

Question 17

What does MALT stand for? Where is it found?

Answer 17

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue

It is in the GI, respiratory airways, and urinary tract

Question 18

Where is GALT found? What does it stand for?

Answer 18

Gut-associated lymphoid tissue

It is found in the SI particularly the ileum, and it is characterized bu abundance of villi

Question 19

What are peyers patches associated with?

Answer 19

GALT

Question 20

The appendix is similar to what?

Answer 20

The peyer’s patches

Question 21

What are the primary lymph organs?

Answer 21

Thymus and red bone marrow

Question 22

The thymus is a bilobed structure in the

Answer 22

Mediastinum

Question 23

When does involution occur and what is it

Answer 23

The process of decreased thymus activity as it becomes filled with adipose tissue

Until puberty

Question 24

The thymus is made of lobes called ________

Answer 24

Septa

Question 25

The darker staining region in the thymus is the ______ __________ while the lighter staining area is the the _____ _______

Answer 25

Outer cortex, inner medulla

Question 26

The ___________________ is the site of t-lymphocyte maturation

Answer 26

Thymic

Question 27

What cells produce the cytoreticulum?

Answer 27

Cortical (stellate) cells

Question 28

What cells form the cortical compartment of the thymus

Answer 28

Subcapsular (squamous)

Question 29

What is tightly packed with whorls of TECs?

Answer 29

Hassall’s copuscles

Question 30

Where do cytokines that finalize maturation of T cells come from?

Answer 30

Hassal’s copuscles

Question 31

Where are mature T cells found right before they enter circulation?

Answer 31

Medulla

Question 32

What are 2 major functions of the spleen?

Answer 32

Reservoir for platelets, recycling center for erythrocytes

Question 33

Periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths are made of what?

Answer 33

T cells

Question 34

The most dense zone outside of the GC is the __________

Answer 34

Corona/mantle zone

Question 35

The transition from white to red pulp is called _______________

Answer 35

Marginal zone

Question 36

The red pulp is perfused and is in charge of what function?

Answer 36

Blood filtration and erythrocyte turn over

Question 37

What are splenic cords? What are sinusiods?

Answer 37

Splenic cords are branches of the splenic artery that just dead end. Sinusiods are barrel like structures made of stave cells that allow blood to flow through

Question 38

What cleans up the recycled cells that are left in the spleen?

Answer 38

Macrophages

Question 39

What is swelling made of?

Answer 39

Lymph

Question 40

What is the function of the hilum in lymph nodes?

Answer 40

The exit for lymph

Question 41

The outer cortex does what?

Answer 41

Receives lymph from surrounding area

Question 42

The central medulla is responsible for what?

Answer 42

Collecting lymph on its way to the hilum

Question 43

Where does blood and lymph meet in the nodes?

Answer 43

Cortex

Question 44

What are the canals that allow lymph to get deeper into the lymph nodes

Answer 44

Tabeculae

Question 45

The ____________ ________ is in the lymph node cortex and allows space for lymph to flow

Answer 45

Subcapsular sinus

Question 46

Where are high endothelial venules found? What cell type are they?

Answer 46

Paracortex, simple cuboidal (allow movement of lymphocytes)