A set of chemical compounds that have an intense colour and are used in the colouring of other materials.
Biological Pigments or Biochromes
- insoluble in water
- appear as ground particles in solid form.
- Found in plants and animals.
Biological Pigments or Biochromes
Where can you find pigments?
Inside a plastid
It is a double membrane organelle found in plants and algae.
Plastid
Responsible in manufacturing and storing food
Plastid
TYPES OF PLASTIDS
Chl____________
Chr__________
Ge_________
Le__________
Chloroplasts
Chromoplasts
Gerontoplasts
Leucoplasts
Chl_________ – chlorophyll
Chr___________ – ageing chloroplasts, other pigments
Ger_________ – aged chromoplasts
Le__________ – found in roots and stems. Storage of starch, proteins, and lipids.
Chloroplasts – chlorophyll
Chromoplasts – ageing chloroplasts, other pigments
Gerontoplasts – aged chromoplasts
Leucoplasts – found in roots and stems. Storage of starch, proteins, and lipids.
A process that capture light energy and convert it into sugars.
Photosynthesis
Begins with the absorption of light energy by a specialized form of organic molecules, pigments.
Photosynthesis
Types of Pigments in Plants
Ch_________
Ca_________
Fl_______
Be_________
Chlorophylls
Carotenoids
Flavonoids
Betalains
plays a vital role in the biological process, photosynthesis.
Chlorophylls
Stimulates photosynthesis by reflecting green light and absorbed ____________ and___________ light.
Chlorophylls
violet - blue; orange - red
Types of Chlorophylls
Chlorophyll a
Chlorophyll b
Chlorophyll c
Chlorophyll d
Chlorophyll e
Primary photosynthetic pigments.
Chlorophylls a and b
Contains methyl group in the third position of its chlorin ring
Principal pigment that captures sunlight for photosynthesis
Absorbs violet- blue and orange- red light from the spectrum
Reflects blue green in color
Found in all plants, algae, and cyanobacteria
Chlorophyll a
Contains an aldehyde group in the third position of its chlorin ring
Accessory pigments that collects sunlight and passes it into Chlorophyll a
Absorbs orange- red light from the spectrum
Reflects yellow green in color
Found in all plants and green algae
Chlorophyll b
cyanobacteria
green algae
Chlorophyll a and b
found in certain photosynthetic Chromista and in some marine algae.
Chlorophyll c
found only in red algae.
Chlorophyll d
- Very rare
- found in golden algae.
Chlorophyll e
- capture light energy and transfer it to the chlorophyll a
- protect the photosynthetic system from the damaging effects of ultraviolet light.
- Source of vitamin A.
- regulates the growth and division of your cells
- helps your body produce white blood cells
- plays a role in remodeling bone
Carotenoids
- play a role in the colors of ripening fruit
- provide visual cues for animal pollinators and seed dispersers to locate their targets.
- help in lower cholesterol levels.
Flavonoids
- play an important role in attracting animals to flowers and fruit.
- food colorants
Betalains
covering of the chloroplast.
Outer and Inner Membrane
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MODULE 123
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MODULE 248
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MODULE 3 (PROKARYOTES)12
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MODULE 3 (EUKARYOTES)12
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MODULE 442
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PPT2
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M9 CELL MEMBRANE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION27
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M10 TRANSPORT MECHANISMS22
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M11 ENERGY TRANSFORMATION23
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PPT_2Q_BIO131
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M12 CHOROPHYLL29
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M13 PHOTOSYNTHESIS 17
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M14 PHOTOSYNTHESIS 27
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1 Genetic Engineering16
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2 Applications of Recombinant DNA8
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3 Histoy of the Earth17
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4 Mechanism of Evolution26
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5 Mechanism of Speciation25
