Male Disorders

Question 1

__ % of intact male dogs have BPH with cystic hyperplasia >5 yrs old and __% have BPH by 8 yrs old

Answer 1

50%, 90%

Question 2

testosterone is converted by 5alpha - reductase to __ which modulates prostate __ and __

Answer 2

DHT, growth and secretion

Question 3

what hormone is responsible for BPH

Answer 3

DHT

Question 4

clinical signs of BPH

Answer 4

bloody preputial discharge hematuria
stranguria
dysuria
constipation
tenesmus
ribbon like stool
diarrhea
hematospermia

Question 5

you palpate a dogs prostate you suspect has BPH, what would you feel?

Answer 5

the prostate will be symmetrically enlarged, smooth and non-painful +/- firm

Question 6

two options for tx of BPH

Answer 6

castration or finasteride

Question 7

after castration how quickly does the prostate reduce in size?

Answer 7

50% decrease in 3 wks, 70-75% decrease in 9 wks

Question 8

finasteride needs __ wks to decrease prostate size by 50-70% and does not affect __ quality

Answer 8

8-12, semen

Question 9

__ is the underlying cause of prostate infections (acute/chronic prostatitis)

Answer 9

BPH

Question 10

acute prostatitis is __ illness and __while chronic prostatitis will have __ clinical status and is __ with __ sperm

Answer 10

systemic, painful, general, non-painful decreased

Question 11

cytsocentesis should be used to collect a UA for C/S of __ prostatitis while prostatic fluid (3rd fraction) cytology should be used for __ prostatitis

Answer 11

acute, chronic

Question 12

__ and __ are common bacteria of prostatitis and can be treated with __

Answer 12

S. pseudintermedius, e.coli, enrofloxacin

Question 13

neutered dogs have a 2.4-4.4x __ risk for prostate neoplasia such as __, __ and __ which have __ prognoses with many metastasis

Answer 13

increased, adenocarcinoma, TCC, SCC, poor

Question 14

what would the prostate of a dog with prostate neoplasia feel like?

Answer 14

the prostate will be firm, enlarged and lack the sulcus down the middle. There may be asymmetry, pain, or a palpable mass

Question 15

overall __ increased the survival time of prostate neoplasia but none over 6 months

Answer 15

NSAIDS

Question 16

squameous metaplasia of the prostate is due to __ influence

Answer 16

estrogen

Question 17

cryptorchism =

Answer 17

not descending by 6 months

Question 18

cat testis should be descending by __ days after birth and dogs should be in the scrotum by __ wks of age

Answer 18

10-35, 6-8 wks

Question 19

cryptorchids are predisposed to __ and __

Answer 19

neoplastic transformation, spermatic cord torsion

Question 20

torsion of spermatic cord results in __ and is diagnosed by __ or __

Answer 20

scrotal/inguinal swelling, pain, abnormal gait

US or laparotomy

Question 21

sertoli cell tumors are __ cryptorchid and scrotal. They produce __,__,__ and __ with 2-6% metastasis

Answer 21

50%, estrogen, inhibin, progesterone, AMH

Question 22

leydig cell tumors are__ scrotal and produces __ and __ with __ metastasis

Answer 22

99%, estrogen and testosterone, low

Question 23

seminomas are __ cryptorchid and __ scrotal, producing __ with __ local invasion and 6-10% distant invasion

Answer 23

20%, 80%, estrogen, 15%

Question 24

a preputial smear of a testicular tumor would show >20% of __ from __

Answer 24

superficial epithelial cells, estrogen

Question 25

hyperestrogenism is treated with __

Answer 25

castration

Question 26

__ and __ are often culprits for orchitis and epididymitis

Answer 26

E.coli, B canis

Question 27

acute orchitis/epididymitis is __, __ and __ while chronic is __ and __

Answer 27

painful, hot, red

small, soft

Question 28

what is a necessary rule out for orchitis/epididymitis?

Answer 28

B.canis

Question 29

orchitis/epididymitis treatment

Answer 29

castration
enrofloxacin
nsaids, cooling, iv fluids

b canis -> quarantine -> no approved tx

Question 30

t/f: balanoposthitis = smegma

Answer 30

F, balanoposthitis does NOT = smegma

Question 31

paraphimosis

Answer 31

unable to retract non-erect/erect penis

tx with cleaning, hypertonic saline or glucose, lube and reposition the prepuce (pursestrings)

Question 32

priapism

Answer 32

persisten penile erection lasting > 4 hours without sexual stimulation

not common

Question 33

phimosis

Answer 33

unable to protrude penis from prepuce - need surgical enlargement of the preputial orifice

Question 34

urethral prolapses are common in males __ yrs old and are __ with clinical signs of _____ and treatment with ___ or ___ resection

Answer 34

1-5, hereditary, prolapsed urethral mucosa, castration, mucosal

Question 35

neoplasia of the penis/prepuce is __

Answer 35

rare