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Anatomy 337 > Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

Male Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

primary Sex organs

A

testes

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2
Q

tunica albuginea

A

this surrounds some of the erectile tissue in the scrotum

  • it is a fibrous layer that is just deep to the visceral layer in the tunica vaginalis of the testes
  • it projects into the testes forming the mediastinum and the septa
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3
Q

raphe

A

this is what separates the scrotum into two sacs

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4
Q

scrotum

A

this is a skin covered sac around the testes

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5
Q

dartos muscle

A

layer of smooth muscle that is part of the scrotum wall

  • this alls for the wrinkling of the skin of the scrotum
  • this is more superficial than the cremaster muscle which makes sense since it has an effect on the scrotal skin
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6
Q

cremaster muscle

A

this is a layer of skeletal muscle in the scrotum
- this allows for the tensing of the scrotum to bring the scrotum closer to the body (which occurs when cold and when sexually aroused)

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7
Q

what is the importance of the dartos muscle and the cremaster muscle

A

realistically these are here to keep the temperature of the testes stable
-they contract to bring the testes close when the body is cold and they relax and allow the testes to descend when the body is warm

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8
Q

spermatic cord

A
  • this starts inside the body and makes its way inside the body
  • it contains the cremaster muscle, the testicular artery, the pampiniform plexus, autonomic nerves, and the ductus deferens
  • it originates at the inguinal canal
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9
Q

pampiniform plexus

A
  • this is responsible for the venous return of the testes

- also important for controlling the temperature regulation within the testes

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10
Q

internal and external spermatic fascia

A

these are layers that surround the spermatic cord

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11
Q

tunica vaginalis

A

a serous membrane that lines the scrotal cavity and reduces friction between the opposing outer parietal and inner visceral layer

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12
Q

septa

A

this is what divides the testes into lobules

- sort of like partitions

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13
Q

mediastinum of the testis

A

this supports the blood vessels and the lymphatics supplying the testes and the ducts that collect and transport the sperm
- contains the rete testes

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14
Q

rete testes

A

receive sperm from the straight tubule (via the seminiferous tubule)
- these are an extensively interconnected maze of the tubules that drain into the efferent ductules

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15
Q

seminiferous tubules

A
  • where sperm is produced
  • these are slender and tightly coiled
  • these fill the spaces between the septa and they drain into the straight tubule
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16
Q

efferent ductules

A

these are what drain the rete testes into the epididymis

- these are ciliated and non ciliated columnar epithelium cells

17
Q

epididymis

A
  • is a coiled duct that connects the rete testes to the ductus deferens
  • this is where sperm is transported after the rete testes
  • lined with pseudo-stratified columnar epitheiulm with long sterocilia
  • this is the site of functional maturation of the sperm
18
Q

functions of the epididymis

A
  • monitors and adjusts the composition of the fluid produced by the seminiferous tubules
  • recycles damaged sperm
  • stores spermatozoa and facilitates their functional maturation
19
Q

ductus deferens

A

travels within the spermatic cord and enters the pelvic cavity through the inguinal canal

  • has muscluar layer to aid in peristaltic movemnet
  • has pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
20
Q

why do the ductus deferens have pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

A

to cause the surface transport of sperm into the ejactulatory duct

21
Q

ampulla of the ductus deferens

A
  • this is an expanded portion that unites with the seminal vesicle to form the ejactulatory duct
22
Q

ejactulatory duct

A
  • this is a short passageway that passes through the muscular wall of the prostate and empties into the prostatic urethra
  • this conducts sperm from the ductus deferens to the prostatic urethra
  • also accepts the secretions from the seminal glands
23
Q

seminal glands (vesicles)

A

this gland secretes a fluid with sugars that provide nutrients for the sperm
- this fluid is alkaline so it provides a basic mixture for the sperm
(contains fructose and prostaglandins)

24
Q

prostate gland

A
  • this secretes a mixture of fluid with many components to it that is ultimately slightly basic
  • this along with the secretions from the seminal glands, we now have semen
25
Q

bulbourethral glands

A
  • these are two paired glands on either side of the membranous urethra that secrete mucin
  • these prepare the urethra for the semen so that the urea or other urinary chemicals that may be left over do not hurt the sperm
26
Q

root of penis

A

this is the internal portion of the penis

- this consists of the bulb and the crura of the penis

27
Q

bulb

A
  • this is the base of the penis and is located just above the scrotal sac
28
Q

corpora cavernosa

A

this is the erectile tissue on the top of the penis

-there are two of these

29
Q

corpus spongiosum

A
  • this is the single erectile tissue on the bottom of the penis
  • this surrounds the corpus spongiosum
30
Q

glans

A
  • the expanded distal end

- this is what surrounds the external urethral orifice

31
Q

what does parasympathetic innervation do to the penis

A

-this causes the dilation of the arteries to erectile bodies

32
Q

what does the sympathetic innervation to the penis do

A
  • this causes ejactulation
  • very similar to the peristaltic contractions
  • this can also lead to the contraction of the skeletal muscle of the pelvic floor to help keep the penis errect
33
Q

what part of the pelvic floor is constricted to help keep the penis erect

A

ischiocavernosus and the bulbospongiosus

Anatomy 337 (39 decks)

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