Marine Plants Test

Question 1

Marine plants that have true stems, roots, and leaves, are classified in this kingdom?

Answer 1

Plantae

Question 2

What is the strand line, and how is it formed?

Answer 2

• composed of seaweed and debris

- washed up on beach by tide

Question 3

How are marine alga classified?

Answer 3

According to the color of pigment in their cells

Question 4

What are the common names of the three main groups of marine algae?

Answer 4

Green algae
Brown algae
Red algae

Question 5

Marine green algae which lack the typical roots, stems, and leaves of land plants are found in which phylum?

Answer 5

Chlorophyta

Question 6

What’s the difference between vascular and nonvascular plants?

Answer 6

Vascular: have water conducting cells
Nonvascular: don’t have water conducting cells

Question 7

Are marine algae vascular or Nonvascular?

Answer 7

Nonvascular

Question 8

How do marine algae get water into their cells for nourishment, without roots, stems, and leaves?

Answer 8

Directly from their surroundings

Question 9

Brown algae are found in which phylum?

Answer 9

Phaeophyta

Question 10

What are two important things that brown algae provide to marine organisms?

Answer 10

Shelter

Nutrients

Question 11

Largest seaweed in the ocean are

Answer 11

Kelp

Question 12

What is the purpose of the holdfast?

Answer 12

Attaches kelp to rock

Question 13

What is the purpose of the stipe?

Answer 13

Connects to the lead blade

Question 14

What is the purpose of the air bladders?

Answer 14

Keep leaf blades floating toward surface to receive maximum sunlight

Question 15

What is the length of a giant kelp?

Answer 15

30 m (100 ft)

Question 16

How did the Sargasso Sea found in North Atlantic get its name?

Answer 16

The alga sargassum grows in such abundance

Question 17

The blue green bacteria is found in what kingdom and phylum?

Answer 17

Kingdom: monera
Phylum: Cyanobacteria

Question 18

How is the pigment phycoerythrin influential in the naming of the Red Sea?

Answer 18

Causes the red color of the Red Sea

Question 19

Diatoms are found in what kingdom?

Answer 19

Protista

Question 20

What phylum are diatoms found in and what does it mean?

Answer 20

Chrysophyta, “golden algae”

Question 21

What are the cell walls of diatoms called, and what are they made of?

Answer 21

Frustules, silica

Question 22

Simple diffusion allows what two gases to pass in and out of the diatom through tiny pores?

Answer 22

Carbon dioxide

Oxygen

Question 23

What are some uses for diatomaceous earth?

Answer 23

Filtering material, purify drinking water

Question 24

What type of organisms can be harmed by algal blooms of diatoms, called a brown tide?

Answer 24

Scallops

Question 25

Dinoflagellates are found in what phylum?

Answer 25

Pyrophyta

Question 26

What are two of the features found on dinoflagellates which aren't present on diatoms?

Answer 26

2 flagella | Cellulose wall

Question 27

The ability of an organism, like "Noctiluca", to produce light is called?

Answer 27

Bioluminescence

Question 28

Why are salt marshes sometimes called tidal marshes?

Answer 28

They occur between low and high tide

Question 29

Where else do salt marshes grow?

Answer 29

Estuaries

Question 30

Where are needle rushes found in Florida?

Answer 30

Where tides reach higher levels

Question 31

Where is smooth cordgrass found in Florida?

Answer 31

Lower areas that are inundated daily

Question 32

What are two reasons that many animals inhabit salt marshes?

Answer 32

Protection from predators | Food for young fishes

Question 33

Gulf coast salt marshes occur along shorelines and what other 4 areas?

Answer 33

- mouths of rivers - bays - bayous - sounds

Question 34

The roots of salt marshes allow them to

Answer 34

Withstand storm surges

Question 35

Salt marshes act as a

Answer 35

Filter

Question 36

Salt marshes trap sediments which

Answer 36

Improves water quality

Question 37

What did the 'Warren B. Henderson Wetlands Act of 1984' establish regarding dredge and fill activities in Florida?

Answer 37

Clear guidelines for defining wetlands under state jurisdiction

Question 38

Macroscopic multicellular marine algae, which doesn't have true stems, roots, or leaves, are classified in which kingdom?

Answer 38

Kingdom Protista

Question 39

Hat might happen to estuarine dependent marine life if the balance of fresh and salt water is not maintained?

Answer 39

The marine life may die

Question 40

When fishes and crustaceans migrate offshore to spawn and breed, how are the larvae transported back into the estuary?

Answer 40

Tides/currents

Question 41

As rivers and streams drain into estuaries, what do the bring from the uplands?

Answer 41

Nutrients

Question 42

List four important plants (microscopic and macroalgae) that contributes to the estuaries?

Answer 42

Phytoplankton Marsh grasses Mangroves Sea grasses

Question 43

For estuaries to remain productive fisheries, what must continue to flow into them?

Answer 43

Nutrient rich, pollutant free, fresh water

Question 44

What % of Florida's residents live in coastal areas?

Answer 44

78%

Question 45

What human activities involved with coastal development have done the most damage to estuarine habitat components?

Answer 45

Dredge and fill operations for waterfront homes and sea wall construction

Question 46

What are three things you can do to protect our estuaries?

Answer 46

- properly dispose of all trash - take your car to a pro car wash - test soil to determine what nutrients are present before you add more

Question 47

Do red mangroves have prop roots?

Answer 47

Yes

Question 48

The depth at which seagrasses are found is limited by what major factor?

Answer 48

Water clarity

Question 49

List 4 significant functions of sea grasses

Answer 49

- maintain water clarity - stabilize bottom with roots - provide shelter for fishes, etc. - are foods for many marine animals

Question 50

How many different species of marine sea grasses are found in Florida?

Answer 50

52

Question 51

List the common names of the 7 types of seagrasses which inhabit the coastal waters of Florida

Answer 51

- widgeon grass - shoal grass - turtle grass - manatee grass - paddle grass - star grass - johnsons seagrass

Question 52

3 main reasons responsible for the decline in seagrass beds throughout Florida waters?

Answer 52

- dredge and fill activities - degraded water quality - propeller scarring

Question 53

How are red mangroves identified?

Answer 53

By tangled, arching roots called 'prop roots'

Question 54

How are black mangroves identified?

Answer 54

By numerous, finger-like projections, called pneumatophores

Question 55

How are white mangroves identified?

Answer 55

Leaves

Question 56

What are the reproductive seedlings of mangroves called?

Answer 56

Propagules

Question 57

The button mangrove is related to what thee mangrove species?

Answer 57

White mangroves