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Marine Science > Phylum Anthropoda > Flashcards

Phylum Anthropoda Flashcards

(80 cards)

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1
Q

What is the largest phylum in animal kingdom

A

Anthropods

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2
Q 
Largest phylum 
Bilateral symmetry
Jointed appendages
Sophisticated sense organs
Exoskeleton
A

Characteristics of crustaceans

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3
Q

What are Anthropods skeletons made of?

A

Chitin

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4
Q

Can be tough or soft and flexible
Relatively impermeable to water
Flexible enough in joints to allow movement

A

Anthropod skeletons

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5
Q

What are the exoskeleton drawbacks?

A

Relatively heavy and it doesn’t grow with the animal so the animal must molt

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6
Q

Ecdysis

A

Molting

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7
Q

What happens during Ecdysis?

A

When the exoskeleton is ready, the animal contracts muscles and takes in air and water.

Animal swells until old exoskeleton splits usually along back

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8
Q

What is Ecdysis controlled and initiated by?

A

Controlled by hormones produced in the head

Initiated by changes in the environment

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9
Q

What are the 3 sections of the crustacean?

A

Head
Thorax
Abdomen

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10
Q

Sometimes the head and thorax fuse to form

A

Cephalothorax

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11
Q

How many pairs of walking legs?

A

5

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12
Q

What are the shorter antennas called?

A

Antennules

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13
Q

Anthropods have extensive cephalization…

A

Compound eyes
Sophisticated brain
Antennae detect changes

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14
Q

How do Anthropods respirate

A

Gills, tracheal system, book gills

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15
Q

What does the Anthropod nervous system contain?

A

Double ventral nerve cord
Anterior brain
Ganglia (control center for body)

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16
Q

Anthropods have what kind of circulatory system?

A

Open

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17
Q

Body fluid is called

A

Hemolymph

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18
Q

Anthropods have complete digestive tract that includes

A

Mouth, stomach, intestine, anus, and mandible

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19
Q

Mandibles open from

A

Side to side

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20
Q

What is the reproductive system like in Anthropods?

A

They are dioecious, they have internal fertilization, ostracods and Branchiopoda reproduce by parthenogenesis (eggs develop without sperm)

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21
Q

Subphylum Crustacea includes

A

Crabs, lobsters, etc.

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22
Q

Marine, freshwater and terrestrial
Fused cephalothorax
2 pairs of antennae

A

Crustacea

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23
Q

What are the classes within Crustacea?

A

Maxillapoda

Malacostraca

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24
Q

Barnacles and Copepods

A

Maxillapoda

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25
Crabs, lobster, shrimp, krill
Malacostraca
26
Have flexible body plan that allows them to live in all biomes.
Anthropods
27
What are Copepods
Microscopic planktonic organisms | Important part of food web
28
Sessile Cause problems to ships by increasing drag Filter feeders
Barnacles
29
Largest group of crustaceans Usually 8 legs, first 2 used for feeding 2 chambered stomach
Malacostraca
30
Crabs lobster shrimp
Decapoda
31
5 pairs of walking legs | First pair is modified to form chelipeds which catch prey and defend animal
Decapoda
32
Shrimp like animals that are filter feeders and feed on zooplankton Most species are bioluminescent
Krill
33
Scavengers Found on bottoms On land known as pill bugs 9 marine species
Order Isopoda
34
Contains 2 segments (cephalothorax and abdomen)
Merostamata
35
Contains only 4 species Horseshoe crab more closely related to spiders than crabs The blood is blue because it has cooper Has enzyme which release a natural antibiotic to fight bacteria Blood used to detect bacteria in medical supplies and drugs
Merostamata
36
Sea spiders Can't spin webs Contains 4-6 pairs of legs 1300 known species
Pycnogonida
37
The process of fusion of the body regions in Anthropods
Tagmosis
38
Class for horseshoe crab
Merostamata
39
The most important order of crustaceans for human
Decapoda
40
Which cell layer secretes the exoskeleton of crustaceans
Epidermis
41
Which body region of lobster do humans eat
Abdomen
42
What do you call the first pair of appendages on a horseshoe crab
Chelicerae
43
Horseshoe crabs use this to turn themselves over and for defense
Telson
44
Head and thorax fused
Cephalothorax
45
To what body region are the legs of Decapoda attached
Thorax
46
Fused specialized body regions in Arthropoda
Tagmata
47
Which organisms feed with a large suctorial proboscis?
Sea spiders
48
Molting process
Ecdysis
49
Molting occurs most frequently during what life cycle?
Larval
50
Horseshoe crab respiratory organs are called
Book gills
51
The exoskeleton of crustaceans is composed of this material
Chitin
52
Chambers filled with fluid and lined with sensitive hairs that help with balance and equilibrium
Statocysts
53
Most female crustaceans brood their fertilized eggs on what body region?
Abdomen
54
The hard outer cuticle which covers and protects the body of a decapod
Carapace
55
What is the first larval form for most crustaceans called
Zoea
56
The ability of crustaceans to release an injured appendage
Autonomy
57
Structured with which barnacles feed
Cirri (legs)
58
Larval stage of barnacle
Nauplius
59
Excretory and osmotegulatory organs located on the head of the crayfish
Green glands
60
Subclass of Copepods
Copepoda
61
Subclass for barnacles
Cirripedia
62
Which pair of mouth parts are jawed feet that situate and hold the food in front of the mouth
Maxillipeds
63
This part of the crayfishes stomach has calcareous teeth which grind food particles
Gastric mill
64
The most common type of reproductive strategy used by crustaceans
Sexual external fertilization
65
This pair of mouth parts actually crush and grind the food so are involved in the actual ingestion
Mandibles
66
The two types of barnacles are stalked and
Acorn
67
Chelipeds are
Claws
68
The abdominal appendages of lost crustaceans are used to carry eggs
True
69
Which of these is also called a decorator crab
Spider crab
70
The order in which the blue crab is found
Decapoda
71
The only pelagic Decapoda
Shrimp
72
When do shrimp typically migrate to the surface to feed
Evening and predawn
73
Crustaceans consume their cast off exoskeleton much of the time for needed protein and calcium carbonate
False
74
Barnacles are always sessile
False
75
Has an oversized claw used for combat or courtship display
Fiddler crab
76
All crabs are aquatic
False
77
The most powerful and agile swimmers of all marine crustaceans
Blue crabs
78
Inhabit abandoned Gastropoda shells
Hermit crabs
79
Spiny lobster are protected from April to the end of July
True
80
Used by farmers as livestock feed until it was discovered that it caused the meat to taste bad
Horseshoe crab

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