MATERNAL Flashcards
(264 cards)
1
Q
Schedule of FIRST Pre-natal checkup
A
AS EARLY IN THE PREGNANCY AS POSSIBLE
2
Q
Schedule of THIRD Pre-natal checkup
A
THIRD TRIMESTER
3
Q
Schedule of SECOND Pre-natal checkup
A
SECOND TRIMESTER
4
Q
Schedule of prenatal visits AFTER THE 8TH MONTH of pregnancy UNTIL DELIVERY
A
EVERY 2 WEEKS
5
Q
When should VITAMIN A be given to a pregnant woman?
A
TWICE A WEEK STARTING ON THE 4TH MONTH OF PREGNANCY
6
Q
When should IRON be given to a pregnant woman?
A
EVERYDAY STARTING FROM THE 5TH MONTH OF PREGNANCY UNTIL 2 MONTHS POSTPARTUM
7
Q
When should NEWBORN SCREENING be performed?
A
WITHIN 48 HOURS UP TO 2 WEEKS AFTER BIRTH
8
Q
Schedule of the FIRST Postpartum Visit
A
WITHIN FIRST WEEK POSTPARTUM
9
Q
Schedule of the SECOND Postpartum Visit
A
6 WEEKS POSTPARTUM
10
Q
AVERAGE CYCLE of menstruation
A
28 DAYS
11
Q
Normal blood loss during Menstruation
A
30-80cc (1/4cup)
12
Q
Hormone responsible for OVULATION
A
LUTEINIZING HORMONE
13
Q
Refers to the number of pregnancies REGARDLESS OF THE OUTCOME
A
GRAVIDA
14
Q
Refers to the number of VIABLE (after 24wks) pregnancies DELIVERED whether dead or alive
A
PARITY
15
Q
Has been pregnant before but has NEVER GIVEN BIRTH to a VIABLE, or a LIVE INFANT
A
NULLIPAROUS
16
Q
Has NEVER been pregnant
A
NULLIGRAVID
17
Q
Presumptive, Probable or Positive Sign:
Amenorrhea
A
PRESUMPTIVE
18
Q
Presumptive, Probable or Positive Sign:
Fetal Heart Tone
A
POSITIVE
19
Q
Presumptive, Probable or Positive Sign:
Fetal Movement felt by EXAMINER
A
POSTIVE
20
Q
Presumptive, Probable or Positive Sign:
Fetal Movement by WOMAN
A
PRESUMPTIVE
R: It could be gas or peristalsis
21
Q
Presumptive, Probable or Positive Sign:
Nausea and Vomiting
A
PRESUMPTIVE
22
Q
Presumptive, Probable or Positive Sign:
Positive Pregnancy Test
A
PROBABLE
23
Q
Presumptive, Probable or Positive Sign:
Abdominal Enlargement
A
PROBABLE
24
Q
Presumptive, Probable or Positive Sign:
Fatigue
A
PRESUMPTIVE
25
Presumptive, Probable or Positive Sign:
Breast Changes
PRESUMPTIVE
26
Presumptive, Probable or Positive Sign:
Chadwick’s Sign
PROBABLE
27
Presumptive, Probable or Positive Sign:
Braxton Hick’s Contraction
PROBABLE
28
Presumptive, Probable or Positive Sign:
Ultrasound
POSITIVE
29
BLUISH PURPLE discoloration of the vagina
CHADWICK’S SIGN
30
Softening of the CERVIX
GOODELL’S SIGN
31
Softening of the lower UTERINE segment
HEGAR’S SIGN
32
When lower uterine segment is tapped during bimanual examination, the fetus can be FELT TO RISE against abdominal wall
BALLOTTMENT
33
DARKENING of the skin from symphysis pubis to umbilicus
LINEA NEGRA
34
Spider-like veins and STRETCH MARKS in the abdomen
STRIAE GRAVIDARUM
35
What should the pt do prior to Leopold’s Maneuver?
VOID TO EMPTY BLADDER PRIOR TO LEOPOLD’S MANEUVER
36
POSITION of pt for Leopold’s Maneuver
SUPINE WITH KNEES SLIGHTLY FLEXED
R: Flexing knees relaxes abdominal muscles
37
Maneuver that determines whether FETAL HEAD or BREECH is in the fundus
FUNDAL GRIP
38
Maneuver that LOCATES the FETAL BACK
UMBILICAL GRIP
39
Maneuver that determines if the presenting part is ENGAGED OR NOT
PAWLICK’S GRIP
40
Maneuver that determines FETAL ATTITUDE and DEGREE OF FLEXION into the pelvis
PELVIC GRIP
41
Where should you be facing when performing the Pelvic Grip?
NURSE SHOULD BE FACING TOWARDS THE HEAD OF THE MOTHER
42
A medical disorder characterized by an appetite for substances largely NON-NUTRITIVE and sometimes INEDIBLE
PICA
43
Term for excessive salivation which can occur during pregnancy
PTYALISM
44
What causes ptyalism in pregnant women?
INCREASED LEVELS OF ESTROGEN
45
What should the MANAGEMENT be for a pregnant woman with ptyalism?
PROVIDE HARD CANDIES
46
What frequently used drugs should NOT be taken during pregnancy?
NSAIDS and ASPIRIN
47
Diagnostic exam wherein amniotic fluid is withdrawn thru the abdominal wall for analysis
AMNIOCENTESIS
48
When is Amniocentesis best done?
14-16 WEEKS AGE OF GESTATION OR DURING THE SECOND TRIMESTER
49
What should you instruct the pt to do PRIOR to amniocentesis?
VOID
50
NORMAL amount of Amniocentesis
800-1,200ml
51
Amniotic fluid of LESS THAN 500ml
OLIGOHYDRAMNIOS
52
Amniotic Fluid of more than 2,000ml
POLYHYDRAMNIOS
53
GREEN Amniotic Fluid indicates
MECONIUM STAINING
54
STRONG YELLOW colored Amniotic Fluid suggests
BLOOD INCOMPATIBILITY
55
An inherited disorder wherein the body is UNABLE TO PROCESS certain protein building blocks (amino acids) properly
MAPLE SYRUP URINE DISEASE
56
SNOWSTORM appearance upon Ultrasound indicates
HYATIDIFORM MOLE/H MOLE
57
Psychological Tasks of the Mother (First, Second, or Third Trimester):
Mother should accept that she is PREGNANT;
Concern of mother towards herself is GREATER than concern towards the baby
Mother > Baby
FIRST TRIMESTER
58
Psychological Tasks of the Mother (First, Second, or Third Trimester):
Acceptance of the PARENTHOOD; Concern for self is LESS THAN concern for baby
Baby > Mother
THIRD TRIMESTER
59
Psychological Tasks of the Mother (First, Second, or Third Trimester):
Acceptance of the BABY; concern towards self is EQUAL to concern for the baby
MOTHER = BABY
SECOND TRIMESTER
60
Theories of Pregnancy:
The baby feels that it is already capable of living outside utero
THEORIES OF PARTURITION FETAL SIGN
61
Theories of Pregnancy:
Receptors for oxytocin in the uterus INCREASES as term approaches
OXYTOCIN THEORY OF PARTURITION
62
Theories of Pregnancy:
Level of progesterone DECREASES causing contraction of uterus while approaching term
PROGESTERONE WITHDRAWAL THEORY
63
Theories of Pregnancy:
Prostaglandin STIMULATES uterine contraction
PROSTAGLANDIN THEORY
64
Type of Pelvis:
“Male pelvis”; HEART SHAPED
ANDROID PELVIS
65
Type of Pelvis:
“Ape-like” pelvis; OVAL SHAPED
ANTHROPOID PELVIS
66
Type of Pelvis:
“NORMAL female pelvis”
GYNECOID PELVIS
67
Type of Pelvis:
“FLATTENED pelvis”
PLATYPELLOID PELVIS
68
Type of pelvis that is the most suitable BIRTH CANAL
GYNECOID
69
The use of TAMPON is associated with what condition?
TOXIC SHOCK SYNDROME
70
Family Planning Method:
Sex 3-4 days BEFORE and AFTER ovulation is considered unsafe
RHYTHM METHOD/CALENDAR METHOD
71
Family Planning Method:
Daily monitoring of TEMPERATURE to determine beginning if ovulation
BASAL BODY TEMP
72
When should a woman take her temperature when performing the Basal Body Temperature method?
EVERY MORNING BEFORE GETTING OUT OF BED
73
Family Planning Method:
Checking the SPINNABARKEIT PROPERTY of cervical mucus
CERVICAL MUCUS METHOD
74
What is the other term for Cervical Mucus Method?
BILLING’S METHOD
75
THICK, VISCOUS, NON-STRETCHY cervical mucus indicates that the woman is:
NOT FERTILE (safe)
76
THIN, WATERY, STRETCHY cervical mucus indicates that the woman is:
FERTILE (unsafe)
77
Family Planning Method:
BBT + Billing’s Method
SYMPTO-THERMAL METHOD
78
Family Planning Method:
Principle - lactation SUPPRESSES ovulation
LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD
79
3 Parameters of Lactational Amenorrhea Method:
1. EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING
2. AMENORRHEIC SINCE DELIVERY OF BABY
3. FIRST 6 MONTHS ONLY
80
What is the term for the Withdrawal Method?
COITUS INTERRUPTUS
81
What is the difference between COC and POP (Oral Contraceptives)?
COC - Combined Oral Contraceptive (Estrogen + Progesterone)
POP - Progesterone Only Pill
82
Which type of oral contraceptive is suitable for BREASTFEEDING women?
PROGESTERONE ONLY PILL
83
How many pills are in a set of oral contraceptives?
21 ACTIVE PILLS + 7 PLACEBO
84
Before administering a “MORNING AFTER PILL” (Ovral), what should you do?
PRE-MEDICATE WITH METROCLOPRAMIDE
R: Morning after pills may cause SEVERE NAUSEA and VOMITING
85
How many tablets of Ovral should you take?
4 TABLET
```
2 TABS (within 72hrs from coitus)
2 TABS (12hrs after)
```
86
What component of some contraceptives is CONTRAINDICATED for breastfeeding women?
ESTROGEN!
87
How many years can a subcutaneous/subdermal implant last?
5 YEARS
88
How often should an injection of LUNELLE (estro + progesterone) be given?
MONTHLY (30 days)
89
How often should an injection of DEPOPROVERA (progesterone only) be given?
EVERY 3 MONTHS
90
A t-shaped device that causes INFLAMMATION and is used as a family planning method
INTRAUTERINE DEVICE
91
What is the position of a pt during an insertion of an IUD?
LITHOTOMY
92
How often should you check the string of the IUD?
MONTHLY AFTER MENSTRUATION
93
A type of IUD that is made of PLASTIC
MIRENA
94
A type of IUD that is made of COPPER
PARAGUARD
95
How long does MIRENA last?
5 YEARS
96
How long does PARAGUARD last?
10 YEARS
97
What diagnostic test is CONTRAINDICATED if a woman is using a paraguard IUD?
MRI
98
How long should you wait before REMOVING a diaphragm (rubber disk)?
6 HOURS
99
For how long can you leave a Diaphragm (rubber disk) inside?
24 HOURS
100
For how long can you leave a Cervical Cap inside?
48 HOURS
101
Can a Cervical Cap be reused?
YES IT CAN BE REUSED FOR 3 YEARS
102
When should you RE-FIT a cervical cap?
WHEN YOU GAIN OR LOSE 15lbs
103
Hormone of PREGNANCY
PROGESTERONE
104
FINGER-LIKE structures used to attach the blastocysts to the endometrium
CHORIONIC VILLI
105
SHINY side of the Placenta
SCHULTZ (Fetal Side)
SCH(iny)ULTZ
106
DIRTY side of the Placenta
DUNCAN (Maternal Side)
D(irty)UNCAN
107
3 vessels of the umbilical cord (AVA)
2 UMBILICAL ARTERIES
| 1 UMBILICAL VEIN
108
How long is the umbilical cord?
APPROXIMATELY 21 INCHES LONG
109
Hormone that causes UTERINE CONTRACTION and CERVICAL RIPENING
PROSTAGLANDIN
110
GRAYISH Amniotic Fluid with odor indicates
INFECTION
111
Fetal Growth and Development (in weeks):
Complete ORGANOGENESIS
8 WEEKS
112
Fetal Growth and Development (in weeks):
Age of VIABILITY (able to survive extra uterine life)
24 WEEKS
113
Fetal Growth and Development (in weeks):
Nervous system
3 WEEKS
114
Fetal Growth and Development (in weeks):
Fetal Heart Tone via DOPPLER
12 WEEKS
115
Fetal Growth and Development (in weeks):
Sex determination via ULTRASOUND
Quickening (first movement in MULTIPAROUS woman)
16 WEEKS
116
Fetal Growth and Development (in weeks):
Fetal Heart Tone via STETHOSCOPE;
Quickening (in PRIMI)
20 WEEKS
117
Fetal Growth and Development (in weeks):
Subctaneous FAT
32 WEEKS
118
Fetal Growth and Development (in weeks):
Testes DESCEND to scrotum
36 WEEKS
119
Fetal Growth and Development (in weeks):
Lung Surfactant
28 WEEKS
120
Term for UNDESCENDED testes
CRYPTORCHIDISM
121
Normal Blood Loss in NORMAL VAGINAL DELIVERY
300-400ml
122
Normal Blood Loss in CESAREAN SECTION
800 to 1000ml
123
EXCESSIVE vomiting during pregnancy
HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM
124
Urinary frequency during the FIRST TRIMESTER occurs due to
HORMONAL CHANGES
125
Urinary frequency during the THIRD TRIMESTER occurs due to
PRESSURE FROM THE UTERUS
126
“MASK” of Pregnancy
MELASMA/CHLOASMA
127
Dark vertical line on the abdomen
LINEA NEGRA
128
Itchiness on the palm due to Estrogen
PALMAR ERYTHERMA
129
Management for BACKACHE d/t Lordosis
1. PELVIC ROCKING EXERCISES
| 2. TAILOR SITTING
130
Management for LEG CRAMPS for pregnant women
KNEE EXTENSION + DORSIFLEXION
131
Management for ANKLE EDEMA
ELEVATE THE LEGS
132
Management for MORNING SICKNESS
1. DRY CRACKERS
2. LIMIT FLUID INTAKE IN THE MORNING
3. SMALL FREQUENT FEEDINGS
133
Refers to the settling of the presenting part into the ISCHIAL SPINE
ENGAGEMENT
134
Refers to the FIRST Fetal Movement
QUICKENING
135
Prior to an ultrasound, what should you instruct to the pt?
BLADDER MUST BE FULL!!
DRINK 1 GLASS OF WATER EVERY 15mins
136
POSITION of pt while Amniocentesis is performed
SUPINE
137
Method used to estimate EXPECTED DATE OF DELIVERY
NAGELE’S RULE
138
How do you compute the Nagele’s Rule?
Month: -3
Day: +7
139
What is the LANDMARK when measuring the Fundic Height?
FROM SYMPHYSIS PUBIS TO FUNDUS
140
Refers to the DESCENT of the baby
LIGHTENING
141
Normal WEIGHT GAIN in a pregnant woman
25-35 POUNDS
142
Signs of TRUE LABOR
| P-B-R
P - ROGRESSIVE CONTRACTIONS
B - LOODY SHOW
R - UPTURE OF MEMBRANE
143
IMMEDIATE MGT for Cord Prolapse
1. TRENDELENBURG/KNEE-CHEST POSITION
| 2. COVER THE CORD WITH SALINE SOAKED DRESSING OR STERILE GAUZE
144
When does the ANTERIOR FONTANELLE close?
12-18 MONTHS
145
When does the POSTERIOR FONTANELLE close?
2-3 MONTHS
146
Shape of the Anterior Fontanelle
DIAMOND
147
Shape of Posterior Fontanelle
TRIANGLE
148
Phases of Labor:
Onset of true labor to COMPLETE dilatation
DILATATION
149
Phases of Labor:
Complete dilatation up to expulsion of the baby
EXPULSION
150
Phases of Labor:
From expulsion of baby to delivery of placenta
PLACENTAL DELIVERY
151
Phases of Labor:
Postpartum Period
RECOVERY
152
When positioning the mother in Lithotomy for preparation of delivery, what should you do?
RAISE BOTH LEGS SIMULTANEOUSLY
153
When should a pregnant woman start PUSHING during delivery of baby?
DURING CONTRACTIONS
154
Maneuver done by applying pressure on the perineum to PREVENT LACERATION
RITGEN’S MANEUVER
155
Is it recommended to SUCTION once the baby’s head is out?
NO UNLESS IT IS NECESSARY TO SUCTION
R: Suctioning may cause ABRASION of respiratory tract
156
Maneuver done by ROLLING the cord to assist placental delivery
BRANDT-ANDREW MANEUVER
157
3 Phases of Dilatation
LATENT - excited cooperative mother; short contractions
ACTIVE - irritable mother; moderate contractions
TRANSITIONAL - uncontrollable mother; longer contractions
158
What COMPLICATION occurs due to too much Oxytocin?
TETANIC UTERINE CONTRACTIONS
159
What should you check PRIOR to clamping the cord?
CHECK IF PULSATION HAS STOPPED
160
Types of Lochia
| RSA
R -UBRA (red)
S - EROSA (pinkish)
A - LBA (whitish)
161
Management for LACERATION caused by delivery
EPISIORRHAPHY
162
Management for UTERINE ATONY
OXYTOCIN
163
Management for RETAINED placental fragments
DILATION AND CURETTAGE
164
Refers to the RETURN of the uterus to a non-pregnant state
INVOLUTION
165
Refers to when the uterus does NOT go back to its non-pregnant state
SUBINVOLUTION
166
Where is the uterine fundus on the day of delivery?
LEVEL OF UMBILICUS then decreases in height one finger breadth everyday
167
When will the fundus be NON-PALPABLE post partum?
10 DAYS AFTER DELIVERY
168
Stages of Postpartum Adaptation:
SELF-CENTERED mother
TAKING IN
169
Stages of Postpartum Adaptation:
BABY CENTERED
TAKING HOLD
170
Stages of Postpartum Adaptation:
Transition to PARENTHOOD
LETTING GO
171
Expulsion of the conceptus BEFORE viability (24wks)
ABORTION
172
PLANNED abortion
ELECTIVE ABORTION
173
SPONTANEOUS abortion
MISCARRIAGE
174
Types of Abortion:
Spotting, cramping, NO DILATION
THREATENED ABORTION
175
Types of Abortion:
INEVITABLE; Bright red vaginal bleeding WITH uterine contraction and cervical dilation
IMMINENT ABORTION
176
Types of Abortion:
Complete expulsion of conceptus
COMPLETE ABORTION
177
Types of Abortion:
SOME products of conception have passed in the vagina
INCOMPLETE ABORTION
178
Types of Abortion:
ABSENCE of Fetal Heart Tones
MISSED ABORTION
179
Types of Abortion:
Occurrence of THREE OR MORE pregnancies that end in miscarriage before fetal viability
HABITUAL ABORTION
180
Management for THREATENED ABORTION
1. BED REST (24-48hrs)
| 2. NO SEX FOR TWO WEEKS FROM THE TIME BLEEDING STOPS
181
Drug of choice for THREATENED ABORTION
TOCOLYTIC - causes uterine relaxation
182
Drug of choice for IMMINENT, INCOMPLETE, or MISSED ABORTION
OXYTOCIN - to expel remaining cells
183
Implantation occurs OUTSIDE of the uterus
ECTOPIC PREGNANCY
184
Most common PREDISPOSING FACTOR for Ectopic Pregnancy
PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE
185
TRIAD MANIFESTATIONS of Ectopic Pregnancy
1. AMENORRHEA
2. VAGINAL BLEEDING OR SPOTTING
3. UNILATERAL LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN OR TENDERNESS
186
Symptom of Ectopic Pregnancy:
Ecchymosis around the UMBILICUS due to hemoperitoneum
CULLEN’S SIGN
187
Symptom of Ectopic Pregnancy:
Type of pain felt in the lower abdomen
STABBING KNIFE-LIKE PAIN
188
Drug used to treat Ectopic Pregnancies SHRINKING and ABSORBING products of conception
METHOTREXATE
189
Surgical Management for UNRUPTURED Ectopic Pregnancy
SALPINGOTOMY
190
Surgical Management for RUPTURED Ectopic Pregnancy
SALPINGECTOMY
191
Abnormal proliferation and then degeneration of TROPHOBLASTIC VILLI
HYATIDIFORM MOLE/GESTATIONAL TROPHOBLASTIC DISEASE
192
What appearance can be seen thru an ultrasound in a pt with H. Mole?
SNOWSTORM APPEARANCE OR GRAPE-LIKE APPEARANCE
193
High levels of HCG in H Mole causes what specific symptom?
EXCESSIVE VOMITING
194
Management for H Mole
DILATATION AND CURETTAGE
195
What do you INSTRUCT to a pt who has recently been treated for H Mole?
NO PREGNANCY FOR 1 YEAR
196
Refers to a cervix that dilates PREMATURELY and therefore cannot hold a fetus until term; MOST COMMON CAUSE OF HABITUAL ABORTION
PREMATURE CERVICAL DILATION
197
FIRST SYMPTOM of Premature Cervical Dilation
“SHOW” (pink-stained vaginal discharge) or INCREASED PELVIC PRESSURE
198
A procedure wherein a suture is applied to the cervical opening to make the cervix TENSE
MCDONALD’S PROCEDURE
199
What type of suture is done in the Mcdonald’s Procedure?
PURSE STRING SUTURE
200
When is the MCDONALD’S PROCEDURE performed?
WHEN PRODUCT OF CONCEPTION IS LESS THAN 12 WEEKS OLD
201
Procedure wherein a STERILE TAPE is threaded in a purse string manner to achieve a closed cervix
SHIRODKAR/BARTER PROCEDURE
202
POSITION OF CHOICE for a pt with Premature Cervical Dilation
MODIFIED TRENDELENBURG
203
If contraction occurs in Premature Cervical Dilation, what drug should you administer?
TOCOLYTIC
204
PAINLESS with BRIGHT RED BLEEDING condition of pregnancy wherein the placenta is implanted ABNORMALLY in the uterus
PLACENTA PREVIA
205
POSITION OF CHOICE for a Placenta Previa
SIDE LYING
206
Can a rectal or pelvic exam be performed when there is PAINLESS bleeding late in the pregnancy?
NO!
207
EARLY SEPARATION of the placenta prior to delivery of the fetus
ABRUPTIO PLACENTA
208
Difference between ABRUPTIO PLACENTA and PLACENTA PREVIA
Abruptio Placenta - PAINFUL with HEAVY BLEEDING
| Placenta Previa - PAINLESS with BRIGHT RED BLEEDING
209
What position is CONTRAINDICATED in Abruptio Placenta?
SUPINE! POSITION SHOULD BE LATERAL
R: Avoid supine position to PREVENT PRESSURE on the vena cava
210
Can you perform an INTERNAL EXAMINATION on a pt with Abruptio Placenta?
NO BECAUSE THIS CAN TRIGGER LABOR
211
Color of vaginal bleeding in HYATIDIFORM MOLE
DARK RED TO BROWN VAGINAL BLEEDING
212
Color of vaginal bleeding in PLACENTA PREVIA
BRIGHT RED
213
Rupture of fetal membranes with loss of amniotic fluid during pregnancy BEFORE 37 WEEKS
PREMATURE RUPTURE OF MEMBRANES
214
GOLD STANDARD of infection in Premature Rupture of Membrane (PROM)
24 HOURS
If more than 24hrs since ROM, there will be SEPSIS
215
What COMPLICATIONS should be watched out for in PROM?
INFECTION and CORD PROLAPSE
216
Medication to HASTEN LUNG MATURITY of fetus in Premature Rupture of Membrane
CORTICOSTEROID (BETAMETHASONE)
217
What should you NEVER do when there is cord prolapse due to PROM?
NEVER REINSERT THE CORD
218
What should you IMMEDIATELY do in case cord prolapse occurs due to PROM?
MOISTEN GAUZE WITH NSS AND AND COVER THE CORD
219
MANAGEMENT for Premature Labor
1. BED REST
2. IV THERAPY (hydration may stop contractions)
3. TOCOLYTIC AGENTS
4. COITUS RESTRICTION
220
Refers to pregnancy that EXCEEDS 42wks
POSTTERM PREGNANCY
221
MAIN COMPLICATION of Post term Pregnancy
MECONIUM ASPIRATION
222
Medication given to INITIATE cervical ripening in post term pregnancies
1. OXYTOXIN
| 2. PROSTAGLANDIN GEL or MISOPROSTOL (to initiate cervical ripening)
223
Labor that is completed in FEWER THAN 3 HOURS
PRECIPITATE LABOR
224
Types of Breech Delivery:
Baby assumes SITTING POSITION with both BUTTOCKS and FLEXED FEET present to the cervix
COMPLETE
225
Types of Breech Delivery:
BUTTOCKS alone present to the cervix
FRANK
226
Types of Breech Delivery:
Either one or both FEET goes outside the vagina
FOOTLING
227
What is an EXPECTED FINDING in Breech Delivery?
MECONIUM STAINING
228
A condition in which VASOSPASM occurs during pregnancy in both small and large arteries
PREGNANCY INDUCED HYPERTENSION
229
CLASSIC SIGNS of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH)
H-P-E-V
1. HYPERTENSION after 20th week AOG
2. PROTEINURIA
3. EDEMA
4. VISION CHANGES
230
4 General Classifications of PIH
1. Gestational Hypertension
2. Mild Pre-eclampsia
3. Severe Pre-eclampsia
4. Eclampsia
231
Classification of PIH:
ELEVATED Blood Pressure (140/90mmHg)
NO Proteinuria
NO Edema
GESTATIONAL HYPERTENSION
232
Classification of PIH:
BP: 160/110mmHg
EXTENSIVE Edema
MARKED PROTEINURIA (3+ or 4+)
Epigastric Pain
Thrombocytopenia
SEVERE PRE ECLAMPSIA
233
Classification of PIH:
BP: 140/90mmHg
(+) PROTEINURIA
(-) EDEMA
MILD PRE ECLAMPSIA
234
Classification of PIH:
MOST SEVERE classification of PIH
GRAND MAL seizure or COMA occurs
ECLAMPSIA
235
MAIN GOAL of treatment for SEVERE Pre eclampsia
PREVENTION OF SEIZURE
236
DRUG OF CHOICE during Severe Pre eclampsia
MAGNESIUM SULFATE (decreases BP)
237
Recommended DIET to prevent Pre eclampsia
LOW SODIUM DIET
238
ADDITIONAL DRUGS given to pt experiencing Eclampsia aside from Magnesium Sulfate
FUROSEMIDE (diuretic)
| DIGITALIS (digoxin)
239
Position of pt DURING seizure
TURN PATIENT TO SIDE
R: To promote drainage of saliva
240
Non-pharmacological Intervention to PREVENT seizure from occurring
PROVIDE A NON STIMULATING ENVIRONMENT (dim room, limit visitors)
241
What should always be prepared at the bedside of a pt with Eclampsia?
SUCTION MACHINE
242
HELLP Syndrome stands for
HEMOLYSIS, ELEVATED LIVER ENZYMES, LOW PLATELET (HELLP Syndrome)
243
CLASSIC MANIFESTATIONS of HELLP Syndrome
1. PROTEINURIA
2. EDEMA
3. RIGHT UPPER QUADRANT TENDERNESS (due to inflammation of liver)
244
MANAGEMENT to correct LOW PLATELET in HELLP Syndrome
TRANSFUSION OF FRESH FROZEN PLASMA OR PLATELETS
245
Can EPIDURAL ANESTHESIA be done on a pt with HELLP Syndrome?
NO!
R: Low platelet count may increase possibility of BLEEDING at epidural site
246
A condition of abnormal GLUCOSE METABOLISM that arises during pregnancy
GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS
247
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE to check for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in a pregnant woman
50-g ORAL GLUCOSE CHALLENGE TEST
248
Management for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
1. DAILY CALORIE INTAKE OF ONLY 1,800 to 2,000kcal/day
2. NO SIMPLE SUGARS AND SATURATED FATS
3. EXERCISE
249
Why are ORAL HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS contraindicated for pregnant women?
IT IS TERATOGENIC
250
Instead of Oral Hypoglycemic Agents, what should be done to control GDM?
INSULIN THERAPY
251
MOST RELIABLE indicator of Fetal well-being
FHR VARIABILITY
252
FOUR RESPONSES of FHR Variability
| A-E-L-V
1. ACCELERATIONS
2. EARLY DECELERATION
3. LATE DECELERATION
4. VARIABLE DECELERATION
253
Four Responses of Variability:
Temporary NORMAL INCREASES in FHR due to fetal movement, change in maternal position, administration of analgesic
ACCELERATIONS
254
Four Responses of Variability:
BEGINS and ENDS with contractions; occurs LATE in labor
Due to FETAL HEAD COMPRESSION
EARLY DECELERATION
255
Four Responses of Variability:
Has an UNPREDICTABLE occurrence;
May be due to FETAL CORD COMPRESSION
VARIABLE DECELERATION
256
Four Responses of Variability:
DELAYED until 30 to 40seconds AFTER the onset of contraction and continues beyond the end of contraction
UTEROPLACENTAL INSUFFICIENCY is present
LATE DECELERATION
257
Management for LATE DECELERATION
1. STOP OR SLOW OXYTOCIN ADMINISTRATION
| 2. CHANGE POSITION TO LEFT SIDE LYING (Lateral)
258
If Late Decelerations PERSISTS or becomes ABNORMAL (absent or decreased), what should you do?
PREPARE FOR POSSIBLE PROMPT BIRTH OF INFANT
259
Management for VARIABLE DECELERATION
1. POSITION LATERALLY OR ON TRENDELENBURG to relieve pressure on cord
VARIABLE DECELERATION = FETAL CORD COMPRESSION
260
Normal odor of Lochia
MUSTY
Foul smell = Infection
261
MOST COMMON CAUSE of Early Postpartum Hemorrhage
UTERINE ATONY (soft boggy uterus)
262
Pain upon DORSIFLEXION of foot on Postpartum pts indicate
(+) HOMAN’S SIGN = THROMBOPHLEBITIS
263
Management for THROMBOPHLEBITIS
1. ANTIBIOTICS
| 2. ANTICOAGULANT: HEPARIN
264
ANTIDOTE for Heparin
PROTAMINE SULFATE
