Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

MCM Final Exam > MCM Final - Connective Tissue > Flashcards

MCM Final - Connective Tissue Flashcards

(48 cards)

Start Studying
0
Q

connective tissue fixed cells

A

from the connective tissue itself

-mesenchymal, fibroblasts, adipose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

connective tissue hematogenous cells

A

derived from bone marrow

-all types of blood cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Collagen Type I

A

most prevalent in body (90% of total collagen)

fibril

heterotrimeric

high tensile strength (skin, tedon, bone, dentin, fascia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Collagen Type II

A

fibril

homotrimeric

fibril

cartilage, nucleus, pulposus, notochord, vitreous body, cornea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Collagen Type III

A

fibril

homotrimeric

adds rigidity***

in skin, uterus, blood vessels, reticular fibers, spleen, lymph nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Collagen Type IV

A

globular**

basal lamina of epithelial cells, kidney glomeruli, lens capsule

homotrimeric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Collagen Type VII

A

homotrimeric

small fibers

anchoring fibrils in basal lamina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Biosynthesis of Collagen

A

secreted as procollagen

procollagen has capped ends that must be lysed

in Collagen Type I - procollagen is triple helix with:
two alpha-1 chains and one alpha-2 chains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Periodicity

A

staggered orientation of procollagen in collagen fibril

provide strength bc of extensive overlapping

collagen fibril have hole zone and overlap zone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Reticular Fibers

A

collagen type III fibers

add rigidity

found in skin, uterus, blood vessels, reticular fibers, spleen, and lymph nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Elastic Fibers

- composition?
- example?
A

composed of:
elastin- globular protein, rich in glycine and proline
fibrillin- fibrillar protein that forms microfibrillar sheath
cross linking proteins - desmisine and isodesmosine

found in blood vessel walls of large vessels
-so that it can maintain constant diameter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Structure of Elastic Fibers

A

elastin core surrounded by fibrillin

assembled in ECM
-fibrillin forms hollow structure that is then filled with elastin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Marphan Syndrome

A

genetic defect in fibrillin
-makes elastic fibers less stable

causes weakened aortic wall which can blow out
-aortic aneurysm

affected often tall, think, gangly, with long digits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Ground Substance

-composition?
A

glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, and adhesive glycoproteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Glycosaminoglycan (GAGs)

A

long chain of unbranched polysaccharides
-repeating disaccharides
acid sugar and amino sugar

have negative charge which recruits sodium and other salts

- draws in water
- hydrostatic pressure allows for turgor (stiffness)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Hyaluronic Acid

A

GAG that is HUGE!
-bc it is unsulfated

doesn’t covalently bind to proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Keratan Sulfate

A

GAG in cartilage, cornea, and intervertebral discs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Heparan Sulfate

A

GAG in blood vessels, lungs, basal lamina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

heparin

A

mast cell granules, liver, lung, skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Chondroitin-4 Sulfate

Study These Flashcards
A

GAG in cartilage, bone, cornea, blood vessels

20
Q

Chondroitin-6 Sulfate

Study These Flashcards
A

GAG in cartilage, Wharton’s Jelly, and blood vessels

21
Q

Dermatan Sulfate

Study These Flashcards
A

GAG in heart valves, skin, and blood

22
Q

Proteoglycan

Study These Flashcards
A

GAG covalently bound to protein

23
Q

Proteoglycan Aggregate

Study These Flashcards
A

multiple GAGs can bind to long hyaluronic acid

-bind through a linking protein

24
adhesive glycoproteins
proteins linked to sugar that are binding and adhesive help bind the cell to the ECM fibronectin, laminin, intergrin, entactin, tenascin, chondronectin, osteonectin
25
Entactin
adhesive glycoprotien that binds laminin and collagen IV
26
Tenascin
adhesive glycoprotein large hexamer, binds fibronectin and transmembrane proteoglycans
27
Chondronectin
adhesive glycoprotein like fibronectin, binds collagen II, integrins, and GAGs
28
osteonectin
adhesive glycoprotein like fibronectin, binds collagen I, integrins, and proteoglycans binds calcium (hydroxyapatite) to collagen I in bone
29
Fibronectin
adhesive glycoprotein dimer of nearly identical subunits bound end to end links cells and ground substance -binds integrins, collagen, heparan sulfate proteoglycan involved in embryological cell migration cells placed on fibronectin will have their cytoskeletal fibers align with the ECM
30
Laminin
adhesive glycoprotein trimer of intertwined polypeptides (2 beta, 1 alpha) links cells, fibers, and ground substance in basal lamina (almost exclusively) binds GAGs, proteoglycans, and other adhesive glycoproteins
31
Integrin
adhesive glycoprotein heterodimeric integral membrane protein - no signal transduction extracellular domain - binds ground substance -activated by divalent cations intracellular domain - binds cytoskeleton -C-terminus binds intermediary proteins
32
Vinculin and Talin
bind to actin play a role in integrins (adhesive glycoprotein)
33
Why are integrin bonds weaker?
weaker bonds allow more functional flexibility with integrins -strong bonds causes permanent gluing still strong because there are lots of weak bonds (overall strength)
34
Mesenchymal Connective Tissue
- relatively devoid of fibers - most of ECM is ground substance - stellate (star-shaped) pleuripotent (undifferentiated) cells - will form numerous types of adult cells
35
Mucus Connective Tissue
- loose amporphous connective tissue - lots of ground substance - jelly like matrix Wharton's Jelly - found on umbilical cord - not a lot of fibers
36
Wharton's Jelly
jelly-like matrix in the Mucus Connective Tissue
37
Areolar Connective Tissue
aka loose connective tissue - lots of ground substance - found around glands and blood vessels (not very tight packed) - fibroblasts, adipose cells, macrophages, mast cells - loosely woven fibers
38
Dense Connective Tissue
greater density of fibers than loose connective tissue | -collagen fibers grouped in bundles
39
Dense Regular Connective Tissue
collagen in order arrangements -highly ordered and densely packed -found in: tendons, ligaments, aponeurous
40
Dense Irregular Connect Tissue
collagen in random arrangements found in: dermis capsule of organs fascia -multi-directional strength
41
Adipose Connective Tissue
little fiber or ground substance dense in adipose cells (adipocytes)
42
Unilocular Tissue
white or brown fat cells with single lipid droplet predominant in humans
43
Multiulocular Tissue
brown fat cells contain multiple lipid droplets hibernating animals
44
Elastic Connective Tissue
highly elastic - fibroblasts, collagen, elastic fibers (characteristic component) - commonly found in walls of large vessels, nuchal ligament, and other elastic tissues
45
Reticular Connective Tissue
composed of fibroblasts, reticular fibers -form framework for liver, adipose tissue, hematogenous tissue and other transient CT cells
46
reticulocytes
fibroblast that produces reticular fibers
47
Blood as a Connective Tissue
fibers - fibrinogen (converted to fibrin) ground substance - GAGs (heparin), proteins (albumin) fluid - plasma

MCM Final Exam (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions