MCM Final - Epithelium

Question 0

endothelium

Answer 0

blood and lymph vessels

Question 1

epithelium

Answer 1

tissues that line and cover body surfaces

avascular - no blood vessels

show cell polarity

progenitor cells present (dynamic)

Question 2

mesothelium

Answer 2

lines serous cavities

ex./peritnoeum

Question 3

glands

Answer 3

epithelial invaginations

Question 4

simple epithelium

Answer 4

one cell layer

Question 5

stratified epithelium

Answer 5

two or more cell layers

Question 6

pseudostartified

Answer 6

all cells touch touch basal membrane, but not all reach surface

look stratified, but not

Question 7

squamous epithelium

Answer 7

flattened cells

Question 8

cuboidal epithelium

Answer 8

square cells

Question 9

columnar epithelium

Answer 9

tall cells - 2x tall as wide

Question 10

microvilli

Answer 10

specialization of the epithelium

increase absorptive area

actin filament core
-interact with terminal web in the cytoplasm

Question 11

sterocilia

Answer 11

really long microvilli

Question 12

striate border

Answer 12

microvilli

also brush border

Question 13

cilia

Answer 13

specialization in the apical portion of epithelium

Question 14

terminal web

Answer 14

network of microfilaments and intermediate filaments that support the apical structure microvilli

Question 15

zona occludens

Answer 15

tight junctions

permeability seal and also establish functional domains
-separation of membrane portions

Question 16

goblet cell

Answer 16

specialization in epithelium

secretes mucus

Question 17

keratinization

Answer 17

aka cornified

specialization of epithelium

also referred to as “dry” if keratinized (as opposed to wet)

Question 18

parakeratinized

Answer 18

specialized epithelial in oral cavity

cells are partially keratinized

Question 19

transitional epithelium

Answer 19

doesn’t follow normal classification system of epithelium

has the ability to stretch
-dome cells (umbrella cells) can stretch

ex./ urinary bladder

Question 20

epithelium in ducts?

Answer 20

stratified cuboidal

Question 21

zonula adherens

Answer 21

lateral epithelial structure

responsible for strength of cellular attachments
-resistance to shearing stress

utilizes E-cadherin

Question 22

dense plaques

Answer 22

in zonula adherens

myosin, tropomyosin, alpha-actinin, vinculin

Question 23

E-cadherin

Answer 23

utilized mainly in the zonula adherens but also present in the zona occluden

extracellular protein

Question 24

terminal bar

Answer 24

combination of zona occludens and zona adherens

Question 25

gap junctions

Answer 25

integral membrane proteins that allow for exchange between cells formed from 6 connexin subunits (12 total - one on each cell's membrane) opening of pore due to adjacent connexins aligning

Question 26

connexin

Answer 26

subunit of gap junction 6 together form pore

Question 27

desmosome

Answer 27

links cell to cell "spot weld" between cells - strong attachment tonofilaments attach to cadherins that extend into extracellularly desmoglein and desmocollin

Question 28

tonofilaments

Answer 28

tension fibers in desmosomes - intermediate filaments that anchor the macula adherens

Question 29

the two cadherins in desmosomes?

Answer 29

desmoglein and desmocollin

Question 30

what cell layer has lots of desmosomes?

Answer 30

stratum spinosum layer of skin | -has "spines" which are points of desmosome attachment

Question 31

fascia adherens

Answer 31

similar to zonula adherens form broad faced adhesion plate - in intercalated disc of cardiac muscle - adherens junctions stretch across terminal plate of cardiac muscle cell

Question 32

nexus

Answer 32

gap junction

Question 33

basement membrane - two parts?

Answer 33

basal lamina and reticular lamina

Question 34

reticular lamina

Answer 34

layer of underlying connective tissue in basement membrane

Question 35

basal lamina

Answer 35

immediately underlying cells in the basement membrane

Question 36

two layers of basal lamina?

Answer 36

lamina rara and lamina densa

Question 37

lamina rara

Answer 37

aka lamida lucida laminin, entactin, and other PGs

Question 38

lamina densa

Answer 38

layer of basal lamina collage IV, fibronectin, and perlecan

Question 39

collagen VII

Answer 39

anchoring fibrils that attach collagen to the lamina densa of the basal lamina

Question 40

hemidesmosome

Answer 40

connects cell to ECM located on the basal cell surface of epithelium -connect epithelium to underlying basement membrane