MD2002 Week 1 Flashcards
(99 cards)
1
Q
what ligament supports the biceps tendon?
A
role of transverse humeral ligament
2
Q
what are the 2 strong extrinsic ligaments of the glenohumeral joint?
A
- coracohumeral
2. coracoacromial
3
Q
what muscles lie under the clavipectoral fascia?
A
pec minor and subclavius lie under this fascia
4
Q
spinal segments of the lumbosacral plexus
A
L1-S4
5
Q
common cause of Erb-Duchenne Palsy
A
shoulder dystocia
6
Q
symptoms of Erb-Duchenne Palsy
A
- paralysis of muscles in shoulder and upper arm
- loss of sensation to lateral forearm
7
Q
symptoms of Kumpke’s Palsy
A
- paralysis of all intrinsic hand muscles, some wrist flexors and fingers, pronator
- loss of sensation to medial forearm and little finger
8
Q
clinical presentation of Klumpke’s Palsy
A
clinical presentation: claw hand and supinated forearm
9
Q
innervations of the anterior interosseous nerve (3)
A
innervations of this nerve:
- flexor digitorum profundus (lat 2 bellies)
- flexor pollicis longus
- pronator quadratus
10
Q
branches from roots of brachial plexus and innervations
A
- dorsal scapular (levator scapulae, rhomboids)
2. long thoracic (serratus anterior)
11
Q
branches from trunk of brachial plexus and innervations
A
- suprascapular (infra/supraspinatous)
2. subclavian (subclavius)
12
Q
ligaments of the hip joint
A
- iliofemoral
- pubofemoral
- ischiofemoral
13
Q
joint attaching pectoral girdle to thorax
A
sternoclavicular joint
14
Q
- fascia of thigh
2. fascia of leg
A
- fascia lata
2. crural fascia
15
Q
what ligaments make up the greater and lesser sciatic foramina?
A
sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments
16
Q
auto-immune disease directed against nicotinic Ach receptors
A
myasthenia gravis
17
Q
membrane lying under the endomysium
A
sarcolemma
18
Q
nebulin
A
protein that helps align actin
19
Q
titin
A
protein that provides elasticity to myosin
20
Q
which sarcomere sections shorten upon contraction?
A
A band stays constant, H zone and I band shorten
21
Q
what makes up a triad in a sarcomere?
A
SR terminal cisterna - transverse tubule - SR terminal cisterna
22
Q
DHPR blocking drug
A
nifedipine
23
Q
what causes action potential in cardiac muscle?
A
pacemaker cells
24
Q
characteristic of inferior patella
A
where point of patella is located
25
olecranon
bony prominence on top of ulna
26
radial notch
depression on proximal ulna that articulates w/ radius
27
ligament holding radial head to ulna
anular ligament
28
ligaments that augment posterior of fibrous capsule of knee joint
oblique popliteal and arcuate ligaments augment this
29
which collateral ligament of the knee is more susceptible to injury
happens more commonly to tibial collateral ligament and medial meniscus than lateral equivalents
30
where does the pes anserinus insert into?
this structure inserts onto the upper medial tibia
31
insertion of pronator teres
muscle inserting medial epicondyle to proximal ulna and radius
32
supinators of the arm
biceps and supinator
33
structures under the median cubital vein (medial to lateral)
median nerve and brachial artery lie under this structure
34
origin of rectus femoris
this head of quadriceps femoris originates from ilium
35
origin of vasti of quadriceps
these heads of quadriceps originate from linea aspera and femoral shaft
36
insertions and function of biceps femoris
this muscle inserts from ischial tuberosity and femur to fibula, and flexes and laterally rotates flexed knee
37
what muscles insert into the IT tract?
gluteus maximus and tensor fasciae latae insert into this structure
38
insertion of IT tract
this ligament attaches to the lateral tibial condyle
39
curvature of medial clavicle
this side of clavicle is convex
40
how does the lateral end of clavicle differ from its medial side?
the bone's lateral side is flat, while its medial side is quadrangular
41
imprints on inferior clavicle medial to lateral
medial to lateral:
1. impression for costoclavicular ligament
2. subclavian groove
3. conoid tubercle
4. trapezoid line
42
at which rib does the inferior angle of the scapula lie at
its inferior angle lies on 7th rib
43
2 muscles that attach to spine of scapula
deltoid and trapezius both attach to this part of scapula
44
3 muscles attaching to coracoid process
short head of biceps, coracobrachialis, and pectorals minor attach to this structure
45
what inserts onto the lesser tubercle?
subscapularis inserts onto this
46
what inserts onto the greater tubercle?
infra/supraspinatous and heres minor insert onto this
47
styloid process
projections on outer sides of distal radius and ulna
48
what does the radius articulate with distally?
this long bone articulates with the scaphoid and lunate
49
what does the ulnar head articulate with?
this bone head does not articulate with anything
50
what does the deltoid ligament attach to
this ligament attaches to the sustentaculum tali
51
list the lateral ankle ligaments
2 talofibular and 1 calcaneofibular
52
extensors of wrist and their insertions (6)
1. brachioradialis (distal lateral radius)
2. E carpi radialis longus (2nd MC)
3. E carpi radialis brevis (3rd MC)
4. E digitorum (extensor expansions of digits 2-5)
5. E digiti minimi (5th extensor expansion)
6. E carpi lunaris (5th MC)
53
these muscles insert onto palmar 1st metatarsal
tibialis anterior and fibularis longus insert here
54
these muscles insert onto dorsal 5th metatarsal
fibularis tertius and brevis insert here
55
insertion of tibialis posterior
muscle inserts onto navicular, cuneiform, cuboid, and sustentaculum cali, and 2-5 MT
56
what type of joint is the thumb CMC joint?
this joint in the hand is a saddle joint
57
what type of joint are the MCP joints?
these joints in the hand are condyloid
58
what type of joint is the ankle joint?
this joint in foot is a synovial hinge joint
59
clinical presentation of club foot
condition causing foot inversion
60
spinal roots of brachial plexus branches
```
musculocutaneous (C5-7)
axillary (C5-6)
median (C6-T1)
radial (C5-T1)
ulnar (C7-T1)
```
61
spinal roots of femoral nerve
nerve stems from L2-L4
62
spinal roots of sciatic/tibial nerve
nerve stems from L4-S3
63
spinal roots of common peroneal nerve
nerve stems from L4-S2
64
innervation of serratus anterior
long thoracic nerve innervates this muscle
65
heads of pectoralis major
this muscle has a clavicular and sternocostal head
66
attachments of teres major
this muscle attaches from inferior angle of scapula to medial lip of bicipital groove
67
clinical presentation of fractured femoral neck
this fracture causes shortening of limb and outward turned foot
68
attachments of pectineus
this muscle attaches from pectineal line to femur
69
where do the leg adductors originate from?
these group of muscles originate from the pubis
70
where do the hamstrings originate from?
this muscle originates from the ischial tuberosity
71
what are the 6 lateral rotators of the hip?
1. piriformis
2. superior gemellus
3. obturator internus
4. inferior gemellus
5. quadratus femoris
6. obturator externus
72
what is directly superior to the axillary artery
the superior cord of the brachial plexus is directly superior to this
73
what muscle attaches to the lesser trochanter?
insertion of iliopsoas
74
what muscles attach to the greater trochanter?
insertion of gluteus med/min and the 6 lateral rotators
75
what nerve becomes the posterior interosseous nerve?
deep branch of radial nerve terminates into this
76
attachments of supinator
this muscle attaches from lateral humeral epicondyle to lateral radius
77
origin of long head of triceps
this muscle originates from infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
78
what passes through the quadrangular space?
axillary nerve and post. circumflex humeral artery pass through this space
79
what nerve supplies adductor pollicis?
ulnar nerve supplies this thenar muscle
80
muscle innervations of ulnar nerve (7)
1. FCU
2. FDP (med 2 bellies)
3. med 2 lumbricals
4. interossei
5. hypothenar
6. adductor pollicis
7. deep head of flexor pollicis brevis
81
diameter of a skeletal muscle fibre (cell)
diameter of this muscular structure is 50-100um
82
diameter of a myofibril
diameter of this muscular structure is 1-2um
83
myosin length and diameter
this muscle filament is 1.6um long and 20nm thick
84
actin length and diameter
this muscle filament is 1um long and 10nm thick
85
diameter of a smooth muscle fibre (cell)
diameter of this muscular structure is 2-20um
86
what are end plate potentials?
depolarizations of skeletal muscle fibers
87
what bones does flexor retinaculum connect to?
this connects to hamate, pisiform, scaphoid, trapezium
88
what bones does flexor retinaculum connect to?
this connects to hamate, pisiform, scaphoid, trapezium
89
extensor expansions
connective attachments by which the extensor tendons insert into the phalanges
90
what muscles does radial nerve lie between at the cubital fossa?
this structure lies b/w brachialis and brachioradialis
91
what muscle does radial nerve pierce through?
this structure pierces through supinator
92
common condition caused by radial nerve damage
wrist drop caused by damage to this nerve
93
what space does the radial nerve travel through?
this nerve travels through the lower triangular space
94
muscle lying anterior to lateral cord of brachial plexus and subclavian vessels
pec minor lies in front of these neurovascular structures
95
3 knee bursae and their location
1. pre patellar (in front and behind quadriceps tendon)
2. supra patellar (b/w quadriceps/patella and femur)
3. infra patellar (in front and behind patellar tendon)
96
Housemaid's knee
pre patellar bursitis
97
Parson's knee
infra patellar bursitis
98
why is lat meniscus less likely injured than medial? (2)
1. not attached to collateral ligament
| 2. pulled out of way by popliteus
99
unhappy triad
car crash into lat extended knee: ruptured ACL, tibial collateral lig, and medial meniscus
