MD2002 Week 3

Question 1

task roles in teamwork (5)

Answer 1

1. initiator
2. coordinator
3. info seeker
4. info giver
5. energizer

Question 2

maintenance roles in teamwork (4)

Answer 2

1. encourager
2. compromiser
3. group observer and commentator
4. follower

Question 3

stages of team development

Answer 3

1. forming
2. storming
3. norming
4. performing
5. adjourning

Question 4

general classes of sensory receptors (5)

Answer 4

1. mechanoreceptors
2. thermal receptors
3. pain receptors
4. chemoreceptors
5. photoreceptors

Question 5

iggo dome

Answer 5

multiple branches of Merkel’s disks

Question 6

characteristic of free nerve endings

Answer 6

slowly adapting cutaneous nerve type with a high activation threshold

Question 7

where does sensory info go in brain?

Answer 7

somatosensory cortex

Question 8

what skin disease remains dormant in dorsal root ganglion?

Answer 8

shingles (herpes zoster virus)

Question 9

what artery lies directly under the clavicle?

Answer 9

suprascapular artery lies directly under this

Question 10

3 arteries arising from subclavian artery

Answer 10

internal thoracic and thyrocervical trunk (giving off suprascapular) arise from this artery

Question 11

where does axillary artery become the brachial artery

Answer 11

artery changes name at distal border of teres major

Question 12

branches of axillary artery

Answer 12

proximal: superior thoracic
posterior: thoracoacromial, lateral thoracic
distal: ant/post circumflex humeral, subscapular -> thoracodorsal and circumflex scapular

Question 13

what does profunda brachii terminate into?

Answer 13

this artery becomes the medial and radial collateral arteries

Question 14

what arteries supply the carpal bones?

Answer 14

palmar and dorsal carpal branches supply this

Question 15

what artery pierces pronator quadratus?

Answer 15

anterior interosseous artery pierces this muscle to anastomose w/ post

Question 16

what does the deep palmar arch branch into?

Answer 16

this artery branches into palmar metacarpal, princeps pollicis, and radial indices artery

Question 17

where is median antebrachial vein of arm?

Answer 17

vein ascending middle of forearm

Question 18

outline connection from aorta to femoral artery

Answer 18

–> L and R common iliac –> external iliac –>

Question 19

what artery gives off the gluteal arteries?

Answer 19

internal iliac arteries give off this artery

Question 20

blood supply of femoral head

Answer 20

circumflex femorals from profound femurs and obturator arteries supply this

Question 21

branches from popliteal arteries

Answer 21

water are genicular branches?

Question 22

what muscles does the anterior tibial artery descend between?

Answer 22

this artery descends between tibialis anterior and EDL

Question 23

what artery becomes the med/lat plantar arteries?

Answer 23

posterior tibial artery terminates into this

Question 24

route of great saphenous vein

Answer 24

this vein ascends anterior to medial malleolus, posterior to medial condyle, and joins femoral vein

Question 25

route of small saphenous vein

Answer 25

this vein ascends posterior to lateral malleolus, b/w heads of gastrocnemius, and merges w/ deep veins into popliteal vein

Question 26

what veins connect superficial and deep veins?

Answer 26

perforating veins

Question 27

conduction v and diameter of Aa fibre (proprioception, somatic motor)

Answer 27

70-120m/s, 12-20microm

Question 28

conduction v and diameter of Ab fibre (touch, pressure)

Answer 28

30-70m/s, 5-12microm

Question 29

conduction v and diameter of Ay fibre (motor to muscle spindles)

Answer 29

15-30m/s, 3-6microm

Question 30

conduction v and diameter of Ad fibre (pain, temp)

Answer 30

12-30, 2-5microm

Question 31

conduction v and diameter of B fibre (preganglionic autonomic)

Answer 31

3-15m/s, 1-3microm

Question 32

conduction v and diameter of C fibre (postganglionic simp, pain, temp, pressure)

Answer 32

0.5-2m/s, 0.1-2microm

Question 33

fibre types of nerves based on sensory function

Answer 33

``` IA (muscle spindles) IB (golgi tendon organs) II (muscle spindles, touch/pressure) III (pain, temp) IV (pain, etc) ```

Question 34

why are larger motoneurons harder to recruit?

Answer 34

these neurones are harder to recruit because all cells have different resting MP (diff # of ion channels) so some muscles easier to recruit than others

Question 35

main elbow flexor

Answer 35

brachialis

Question 36

boundaries of the cubital fossa

Answer 36

roof: bicipital aponeurosis superior: line b/w epicondyles medial: pronator teres lateral: brachioradialis floor: brachialis and supinator

Question 37

boundaries of femoral triangle

Answer 37

base: inguinal ligament apex: sartorius and adductor longus floor: pectineus and iliopsoas roof: fascia lata

Question 38

lymph path accompanying cephalic vein to axillary nodes

Answer 38

lymph from this vein go directly to apical axillary nodes

Question 39

lymph path accompanying basilic vein axillary nodes

Answer 39

lymph from this vein drain to superficial/deep cubital nodes to lateral axillary nodes

Question 40

lymph path from apical axillary nodes to vein

Answer 40

lymph from these nodes drain to supraclavicular nodes, then subclavian lymph trunk, then junction b/w internal jugular and subclavian veins

Question 41

what do the subclavian lymph trunks drain into?

Answer 41

these drain into the Rt lymphatic duct or the thoracic duct

Question 42

outline lymph drainage from medial foot to inguinal nodes

Answer 42

lymph from this part of body drain to medial superficial vessels accompanying great saph vein -> sup inguinal nodes -> deep inguinal

Question 43

outline lymph drainage from lateral foot to inguinal nodes

Answer 43

lymph from this part of body drain to lateral superficial vessels accompanying small saph vein -> popliteal nodes -> deep inguinal

Question 44

location of superficial inguinal nodes

Answer 44

"T" along inguinal ligament and great saphenous vein superficial to fascia lata

Question 45

outline lymph drainage from sup/deep inguinal nodes to vein

Answer 45

lymph from here drain to external iliac nodes accompanying femoral vein -> common iliac nodes -> lateral lumbar -> cisterns chyli -> thoracic duct

Question 46

boundaries of femoral ring

Answer 46

anterior: inguinal ligament medial: lacunar ligament lateral: septum b/w femoral canal and vein posterior: pectineus and fascia

Question 47

segmental vs intersegmental reflexes

Answer 47

the latter's reflex arc involves numerous spinal cord segments

Question 48

factors affecting muscle reflex time

Answer 48

factors affecting time: - activation of sensory receptors - conduction along sensory nerve - transmission across synapse - conduction along motor nerve - activation of muscle contraction

Question 49

2 types of intrafusal fibres

Answer 49

1. chain fibres (IA and II) | 2. bag fibres (IA)

Question 50

mechanism of reciprocal innervation

Answer 50

spindle sensory neurons shortens homonymous muscle while relaxing antagonist muscle w/ a inhibitory interneurone

Question 51

how do golgi tendon reflexes differ from stretch reflexes?

Answer 51

- detects tension rather than length | - disynaptic w/ a inhibitory interneurone

Question 52

rotary nystagmus

Answer 52

eye movements driven by moving visual images

Question 53

where is the subclavian artery in relation to the structure around it?

Answer 53

this structure is b/w inferior trunk of brachial plexus and subclavian vein