Med Term ch2Q. Human Body in Health & Disease

Question 1

what system is the larynx part of

Answer 1

respiratory

Question 2

toward or nearer midline

Answer 2

medial

Question 3

fundamental physical and functional unit of heredity

Answer 3

gene

Question 4

enlargement in the bulk of an organ not due to tumor formation

Answer 4

hypertrophy

Question 5

toward lower part of body

Answer 5

caudal

Question 6

change of the sequence of a DNA molecule

Answer 6

genetic mutation

Question 7

study of the structure, composition, and function of tissues

Answer 7

histology

Question 8

condition of abnormal development or growth of cells, tissues, or organs

Answer 8

dysplasia

Question 9

quadrant

Answer 9

divided into four equal parts

Question 10

secrete hormones

Answer 10

endocrine glands

Question 11

abnormal hardening of gland

Answer 11

adenosclerosis

Question 12

genetic disorder which essential digestive enzyme is missing

Answer 12

phenylketonuria

Question 13

condition acquired in a hospital or clinical setting

Answer 13

nosocomial infection

Question 14

hemophilia

Answer 14

hereditary bleeding disorder. blood-clotting factor is missing

Question 15

Which of these diseases is NOT spread by bloodborne transmission?
 hepatitis B 
 sexually transmitted diseases 
 human immunodeficiency virus 
 tuberculosis

Answer 15

tuberculosis. it is spread by droplets in the air.

Question 16

gamete

Answer 16

only type of cell that doesnt contain 46 chromosomes. contains 23.

Question 17

communicable disease

Answer 17

any disease transmitted from one person to another

Question 18

functional disorder

Answer 18

disorder with no physical changes to explain the symptoms

Question 19

idiopathic disorder

Answer 19

illness without known cause

Question 20

infectious disorder

Answer 20

illness caused by a pathogenic organism

Question 21

organic disorder

Answer 21

disorder with physical changes that explain the symptoms

Question 22

processes wich body maintains constant internal environment

Answer 22

homeostasis

Question 23

abnormal condition that exists at time of birth

Answer 23

congenital disorder

Question 24

genetic disorder causing nerve degeneration that can result in uncontrolled movements and loss of some mental abilities

Answer 24

Huntington’s disease

Question 25

study of how traits are transferred from parents to offspring and role of genes in health and disease

Answer 25

genetics

Question 26

mesentery

Answer 26

suspends parts of the intestine within the abdominal cavity

Question 27

parietal peritoneum

Answer 27

outer layer of membrane that lines abdominal cavity

Question 28

peritoneum

Answer 28

membrane that protects and supports organs in abdominal cavity

Question 29

retroperitoneal

Answer 29

located behind the peritoneum of the abdominal cavity

Question 30

visceral peritoneum

Answer 30

inner layer of membrane that surround the organs of the abdominal cavity

Question 31

physician who specializes in care of older people

Answer 31

geriatrician

Question 32

abdominal cavity

Answer 32

protects major organs of digestive system

Question 33

cranial cavity

Answer 33

protects brain

Question 34

pelvic cavity

Answer 34

protects reproductive and excretory system organs

Question 35

spinal cavity

Answer 35

protects spinal cord

Question 36

thoracic cavity

Answer 36

protects heart and lungs

Question 37

sagittal plane

Answer 37

divides into unequal right and left

Question 38

umbilicus

Answer 38

belly button or navel

Question 39

inguinal

Answer 39

relating to groin. refers to entire lower portion of abdomen

Question 40

T/F: each chromosome contains 46 genes

Answer 40

F: each chromosome holds about 100,000 genes. humans have 46 chromosomes.

Question 41

region below the stomach

Answer 41

hypogastric region

Question 42

benign tumor formed from glandular tissue

Answer 42

adenoma

Question 43

a change in the structure of cells and in their orientation to each other

Answer 43

anaplasia

Question 44

defective development or congenital absence of an organ or tissue

Answer 44

aplasia

Question 45

abnormal increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement

Answer 45

hyperplasia

Question 46

incomplete development of an organ or tissue

Answer 46

hypoplasia

Question 47

specialist in the study of tissue organization at all levels

Answer 47

histologist

Question 48

deviation from what is regarded as normal

Answer 48

anomaly

Question 49

postmortem examination

Answer 49

autopsy

Question 50

study of the causes of diseases

Answer 50

etiology

Question 51

protective padding, insulation, support, and a nutrient reserve

Answer 51

adipose tissue

Question 52

body regions located on left and right sides are covered by the lower ribs

Answer 52

left and right hypochondriac

Question 53

divides body into anterior and posterior portions

Answer 53

frontal plane

Question 54

T/F: stem cells can be harvested from the bone marrow of a newborn infant

Answer 54

Falst

Question 55

situated nearest midline or beginning of a body structure

Answer 55

proximal

Question 56

located behind the peritoneum

Answer 56

retroperitoneal

Question 57

divides body into unequal upper and lower portions

Answer 57

sagittal plane

Question 58

T/F: dorsal cavity contains body organs that maintain homeostasis

Answer 58

False

Question 59

T/F: freckles are a physical trait transmitted by a recessive gene

Answer 59

False

Question 60

T/F: gamete is only type of cell that doesn't contain 46 chromosomes

Answer 60

True