Medical Applications

Question 1

What is Testicular atrophy?


caused by: 8

Answer 1

Reduction in the production in sperm cells
Reduction of seminiferous tubules

 radiation
 chemotherapy
 hormonal imbalances
 pharmaceutical drugs that contain hormones
 steroids for muscle mass
 viral infections, including mumps, sexually transmitted
infections -particularly gonorrhea and syphilis
 old age
 injury

Question 2

Symptoms of testicular atrophy: 3

Answer 2

 decreased sex drive
 may lead to infertility
 testes get shrunk due to a loss of some of the germ cells and Leydigcells

Question 3

Ectopic pregnancy annually affect less than 2% of
pregnancies worldwide. What is it

Usually, an ectopic pregnancy
occurs

can an ectopic pregnancy proceed normally?

Causes of Ectopic Pregnancy?

Answer 3

When fertilized egg is implanted OUTSIDE the uterus

in the fallopian tubes
known as tubal pregnancy.

usually does not proceed normally
and can cause severe complications. it is terminated

STI, smoking

Question 4

Common childhood disease before vaccine developed, What is mumps?

Symptoms

Uterine leiomyoma

Where do they develop?

Treatable?

Answer 4

Viral infection of parotid gland

Becomes swollen and tender
May spread to the other salivary glands

(commonly known as fibroids)

Development of fibrous nodules in the uterus

Yes, cam be surgically removed but are painful. Older women may have hysterectomy

Question 5

Crohn’sdisease is AKA

Where is it involved?

Symptoms: 5

Age of onset?

What are the complications?

What happens histology?

Answer 5

Also known as Inflammatory Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

May involve small and large intestine (mainly small)

Abdominal pain and diarrhea
 Rectal bleeding -bleeding may be persistent, leading to anemia.
 Weight loss
 Skin problems
 Sometimes fever

Onset of this disease is between 15 and 25 years of age

Common complication is blockage of the intestine

Disease thickens intestinal wall with swelling and scar tissue
Lumen narrows