Medical mycology

Question 1

mycoses are

Answer 1

fungal infections

Question 2

Funigi are eukaryotic or prokaryotic

Answer 2

eukaryotic

Question 3

fungi have what features:

Answer 3

membrane bound nucleus, ER, Mitochonchria, lysosomes

Question 4

what kind of chromosomes do fungi have

Answer 4

linear chromosomes

Question 5

Funal membranes contain

Answer 5

ergosterol instead of cholesterol

Question 6

What drug binds to ergosterol

Answer 6

amphotericin B and stops it’s biosynthesis

Question 7

Fungus cells are surrounded by

Answer 7

rigid cell wall with carbs like chitin, alpha glucan, beta glucan and mammana

Question 8

chinocandis inhibit

Answer 8

b glucan synthase

Question 9

most fung are

Answer 9

free living

Question 10

what fungi aren’t free living

Answer 10

candida albicans and malassezia furfur (in human floura)

Question 11

What nutrients do fungi need?

Answer 11

heterohpric thus absorb nutrients from oranic matter

need organic source of carbon and nitrogen

Question 12

Term for organ that live on dead organic matter

Answer 12

saprophyte

Question 13

are fungi motile?

Answer 13

most are non-motile

Question 14

Yeas is: uni/mult cell

Answer 14

unicell

Question 15

How does yeast reproduce

Answer 15

budding fission

Question 16

yeast that elongate and adhere to each are are called

Answer 16

pseudomycelium/pseudohyphae

Question 17

HIstoplasma capsulatam is dimorphic which means i

Answer 17

switches between yeast and mold from

Question 18

Hyphea or mycelium are reffered to as

Answer 18

mold

Question 19

these are the branching cylindric tubules varying in diamter

Answer 19

hyphae

Question 20

Hyphea types

Answer 20

nonseptate

sepatea: uninucleate and mutlinucleate

Question 21

hyphae with lots of cell walls

Answer 21

septate

Question 22

hyphae with no cell walls

Answer 22

coenocytic hyphae

Question 23

mass of intertwined hypahe that accumulate during active growth

Answer 23

mycelium

Question 24

Aspergillus can only exsist as

Answer 24

a mold

Question 25

Candid albicans is ________ fungus

Answer 25

dimorphic

Question 26

which morphotype of candid albicans is pathogenic

Answer 26

mold

Question 27

rootlike structures

Answer 27

rhizoids

Question 28

Asexual reproduction is done by

Answer 28

budding or blastoconidia

Question 29

nuclear fission results in

Answer 29

50/50 split

Question 30

buddin results in

Answer 30

blastoconidia

Question 31

germ tube results in

Answer 31

pseudohyphae

Question 32

thick walled single cells that are resistant to adverse conditions

Answer 32

Chlamydoconidia (low nutrients in envir, we signal to make this guy)

Question 33

Single cell conidia formed by disjoining hyphal cells

Answer 33

Arthroconidia

Question 34

medically imporant spores borne nakeds on specialized structures

Answer 34

conidiospores

Question 35

Two types of conidiospores:

Answer 35

marcoconidia are large, multicelled conidia | microcondidia-small single celld conidia

Question 36

philandes are

Answer 36

finer like projects that are attached to vesicle of conidosphore that has balls of conidia at the end

Question 37

Direct microscopic examination of clincal specimen done via

Answer 37

KOH-technique

Question 38

When cultivating a fungus specimien

Answer 38

change temp and include antibiotics

Question 39

how can we target fungas infections via medicine

Answer 39

attack their ergosterol cell wall cell wall synthesis nucleaic acid synthesis disrupt microtubles

Question 40

Azole are type of

Answer 40

antifungal

Question 41

this drug targets cell wall

Answer 41

echinocandins

Question 42

this drug inhibits the biosynthetic pathways

Answer 42

allylamines that inhibit biosynthetic pathways

Question 43

thse guys attack nucleic acids

Answer 43

antimetaboliets

Question 44

When doing therapies do a :

Answer 44

combination therapy

Question 45

when doing combo therapy, the goal is _____ | and not _______

Answer 45

seeking synergy | not antagonism

Question 46

Resistance to antifungal agents occurs through:

Answer 46

efflux pumps, target alterations, reduced asscee to drug targets

Question 47

are antifungal resistance genes transfered cell to cell

Answer 47

NO NOT TRANSFERED

Question 48

organism that is resistant to high concentrations of drug but suseptible to low conc

Answer 48

Eagle effect

Question 49

the use of azoles in _____ may be contributing to azole reistant in the clinic

Answer 49

agriculture