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AAP Upskill > Medical PT assessment > Flashcards

Medical PT assessment Flashcards

1
Q

What does SCENE stand for?

A

S - Safety
C - Cause
E - Environment
N - Number of patients
E - Extra resources required

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2
Q

What are the 3 outcomes of medical patient assessment?

A
  • Acute care (ED, PPCI, MTC)
  • Community or primary care (hospital wards, DN, OOGP)
  • Discharge with worsening
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3
Q

What is covered in your primary surve?

A

C - Cat haem
A - airway
B - Breathing
C - Circulation
D - Disability
E - Evaluation

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4
Q

What should be completed after an intervention?

A

Full reassessment starting from A

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5
Q

What is required for every vulnerable pt (inc children), unless in a life threatening emergency ?

A

An appropriate chaperone

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6
Q

What should you be observant of when making a general impression of a PT?

A
  • Colour
  • Position and tone
  • Behaviour
  • Any abnormal noises
  • Any significant blood loss
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7
Q

What does ACVPU stand for?

A

A - alert
C - Confused
V - Voice
P - pain
U - Unresponsive

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8
Q

How would you assess if someone is Alert?

A

Orientated and conversing on arrival

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9
Q

How would you assess if someone is Confused

A

New onset confusion, disorientated to time and place.
use family to refer to PT normal.
Pt is otherwise alert.

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10
Q

How would you assess if someone is alert to voice?

A

Verbal command to the PT

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11
Q

How would you assess if someone is alert to pain?

A

Alert only to a tactile stimulus, E.g giving them shake or tap.

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12
Q

When assessing airway what are you looking for?

A
  • Obstructions
  • Loose teeth
  • Foreign bodies
  • Vomit
  • Infection
  • Blood
  • Swelling
  • Trauma
  • Dry muccus membranes.
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13
Q

When assessing air what are you listening for?

A
  • Noisy airflow (Snoring, gurgling ect)
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14
Q

When assessing airway what are you smelling for?

A
  • Any abnormal smells (Sweet = DKA, Alcohol ect)
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15
Q

What are you feeling for in airway assessment?

A

AIrflow through oral cavity

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16
Q

What is the first step when managing an airway?

A

Manoeuvres (E.g Head tilt chin lift, postural drainage)

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17
Q

Following an airway procedure what needs to be completed to demonstrate skill?

A

Airway log

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18
Q

When assessing breathing, what are you initially assessing for?

A

Rate, Quality and depth

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19
Q

When assessing breathing in primary survey, what are you looking for?

A
  • Pallor (Cyanosis)
  • Adequacy of chest movement
  • Symmetry
  • Inspect anterior and posterior elements
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20
Q

When assessing breathing in the primary survey, what are you feeling for?

A
  • Stability of the chest wall
  • Depth
  • Equal rise an fall
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21
Q

What is the normal SPO2 range for a PT with COPD?

A

88% - 92%

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22
Q

What is the expected SPO2 range for a normal PT without previous respiratory history?

A

94% - 98%

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23
Q

When should assisted ventilation be considered?

A

< 10
>30
If the PT SPO2 is <90% on 15 l/min O2

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24
Q

When assessing circulation, what are you main considerations other than external bleeding?

A
  • Epistaxsis
  • Haemostasis
  • Haematemasis
  • Malaena
  • Internal bleeding
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25
Q

When assessing a pulse, what are you looking for?

A
  • Strength
  • Regularity
  • Rate
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26
Q

If a radial pulse isn’t present, where is the next place to check for a pulse?

A

Carotid

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27
Q

If a pulse is present in the radial what is the PTs estimated systolic blood pressure?

A

80-90 systolic

28
Q

If a pulse is present in the Carotid what is the PTs estimated systolic blood pressure?

A

50+ mmHG

29
Q

If a pulse is present in the femeral what is the PTs estimated systolic blood pressure?

A

70+ mmHG

30
Q

When assessing skin, what are you looking for?

A
  • Rashes
  • Motteling
  • Cyanosis
  • Cold peripheries
  • Skin turger
31
Q

What are the early signs of Hypovalaemic shock?

A
  • Poor Pallor
  • Cold peripheries
  • Abnormal behaviour
  • Tachypneoia
  • Tachycardia
32
Q

When are you looking for as part of you disability assessment?

A
  • ACVPU,
  • PEARL
  • Purposeful limb movements
  • Sensory function
  • Blood glucose (If appropriate)
  • FAST test (If appropriate)
33
Q

Under what circumstances must a Blood Glucose be taken?

A
  • Diabetic Patients
  • Impaired LOC
  • Alcohol consumption
  • Seizures
  • Syncope and falls
  • Paediatrics
34
Q

When should a FAST test be completed?

A
  • Any sensory or motor deficit
  • Any new onset confusion
35
Q

What is covered under the environment section of the primary survey?

A
  • BP
  • Temperature
36
Q

What is the NEWS 2 threshold for a pre-alert?

A
  • NEWS2 higher than 5
  • NEWS2 score of 3 in any parameter
37
Q

In a diabetic PT, what is the minimum value for a PT to be Hypertensive?

A

130/80

38
Q

In a Non-Diabetic Pt, what is the threshold value for Hypertension?

A

140/90

39
Q

In what circumstances must an ECG be conducted?

A
  • Syncope
  • CP
  • Post rosc
  • Abnormal pulse (irregular, Tachy, Brady)
  • New onset confusion where possible
40
Q

When forming differential diagnosis, what needs to be considered?

A
  • Any clinically concerning findings?
  • Anything else it could be ?
  • Diagnosis of exclusion?
  • Any pertinent negatives?
  • Any further information required?
41
Q

What needs to be included when taking a patient history?

A
  • Presenting complaint
  • History of presenting complaint
  • Past medical history
  • Prescribed medications
  • Allergies
  • Family history
  • Social history
42
Q

What information are looking for when obtaining a history of presenting complaint?

A
  • Symptom summary
  • Symptom duration
  • Event history
  • Impact on patient
  • Previous occurrences
  • Assessment of pain
43
Q

What does SOCRATES stand for?

A
  • Site
  • Onset
  • Character
  • Radiation
  • Associations
  • Timing
  • Exacerbating and relieving factors
  • Severity
44
Q

When assessing a patients medical history, what needs to be obtained?

A
  • Current illness or disease
  • Previous illness or disease
  • Previous trauma
    -Surgical history
  • Obstetric/ GYN history
45
Q

When obtaining details about a patients medication, what information do you require?

A
  • Prescribed medications
  • Over the counter medications
  • Compliance
  • Recent medication changes
  • Recreational andd illegal drug use
  • herbal remedies
46
Q

What key pieces of information should be obtained for the social history?

A
  • Who they live with
  • Employment status
  • Mobility aids
  • Main carer
  • Care package/ Provider
  • Schools (If attending)
  • Social worker inc details
47
Q

When formulating a working impression, what needs to be considered?

A
  • Differential diagnosis
  • Current findings
  • What can be ruled out
  • What is needed to support or reject the working impression.
48
Q

What needs to be assessed as part of a head assessment?

A

Inspection of face for: Bruising, wounds, Abnormal swelling and rashes.
Check: Pupil size, GCS
Inspect oral cavity for: Dehyrdration, Bleeding, deformities,
Inspect the nose for: Woulds, Swelling, infection or CSF leak.

49
Q

What needs to be assessed as part of a neck examination?

A

Inspect for: Surgical scars, accessory muscle uuse, lacerations, bruising and deformity, Tracheal deviation and jugular vein distention.

50
Q

What are the red flags during a neck assessment?

A

Tracheal deviation - ?Pneumothorax
Jugular vein distention - ?HF, Increased WOB.

51
Q

State the difference between Decorticate and Decerabate presentation.

A

Decorticate - Flexion facing inwards (Duck)
Decerabatte - Extension outwards (Penguin)

52
Q

During a chest examination, what needs to be reassessed from the primary survey?

A
  • Rate
  • Quality
  • Depth
  • SPO2
  • Skin colour
  • Temperature
53
Q

What do crackles indicate?

A

Infection

54
Q

What does a silent chest indicate?

A

No air entry!

55
Q

What does Strider indicate?

A

Obstructed airway

56
Q

When palpating the chest what are you looking for?

A

Deformities, Crepitus, Flail segments, Surgical emphysema

57
Q

How many quadrants are included in an abdo assessment, what are they called?

A

4 - All together
Left upper/lower, Right upper/lower

58
Q

What are the red flags during an abdo assessment?

A
  • Bruising
  • guarding
    -Swelling,
  • Wounds
  • Pulsating masses
  • Distention
59
Q

What might a pulsating mass indicate?

A

AAA

60
Q

When would you stop palpation?

A
  • Pulsating mass
  • PT isn’t able to tolerate due to pain
61
Q

When inspecting the lower limbs what are you looking for?

A
  • Rashes
  • Localised inflammation
  • Bruising
  • Swelling
  • Odema
  • Jaundice
62
Q

When assessing a lower limb concern, what observation must be taken?

A

Distal Pulse

63
Q

What is the MSC entail?

A

Motor - Test for movement in limbs
Sensation - applying light touch to evaluate sensation
Circulation - Temp and distal pulses

64
Q

What components should make up your safety netting consideration?

A
  • If diagnosis correct what will happen
  • if diagnosis incorrect what will hapen
  • What should the PT do if their condition worsens
65
Q

As part of the worsening advice what should be outlined?

A
  • Recovery timeline
  • When any safety nets are likely to take effect (GP appt ect)
  • Expected signs and symptoms
  • Expected outcome

AAP Upskill (28 decks)

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