Medication

Question 1

What are the 6 R’s of medication

Answer 1

1. Right PT.
2. Right Route.
3. Right medication.
4. Right time.
5. Right Dose,
6. Right to Decline

Question 2

What are the contra-indications of Entonox?

Answer 2

• Chest injury or clinically suspected pneumothorax
• Severe head injuries with impaired LOC (possible presence of intercranial air)
• Decompression sickness
• Violently disturbed psychiatric patients
• inter-ocular injection within 8/52
• Abdominal pain where obstruction is suspected.

Question 3

What are the indications for entonox?

Answer 3

Moderate to severe pain, labour pain.

Question 4

What are the main 2 side effects of Entonox?

Answer 4

Nausea and vomiting,

Question 5

What are the advantages of Entonox?

Answer 5

• Rapid acting with minimal side effects
• No cardio-respiratory depression
• 50% O2 is valuable in many medical and trauma conditions.
• Can be given whilst preparing other analgesics

Question 6

How long does is take for Entonox to have its maximum effect?

Answer 6

5-10 minutes

Question 7

What are the 2 delivery methods for Entonox?

Answer 7

1 Mouthpiece
2 Facemask

Question 8

Define “Agonist”.

Answer 8

A substance that combines with a receptor ,and causes a change or reaction.

Question 9

Define “Antagonist”.

Answer 9

A substance that stops or reduces a change/reaction.

Question 10

Define “Affinity”.

Answer 10

The degree to witch a substance tends to combine.

Question 11

Define “Efficacy”.

Answer 11

The ability to produce the intended result.

Question 12

Define “Pharmocology”.

Answer 12

The study of the manner in which the function of living systems is affected by a chemical agent. Including mechanism, therapeutic benefits and the science of drugs.

Question 13

Define “Pharmocokentics”.

Answer 13

What the body does to the drug. including how it is absorbed, transported, any changes it makes within the body and the elimination of the drug.

Question 14

Define “Pharmocoodynamics”.

Answer 14

The way in which drugs affect their target sites in the body, producing both desired therapeutic effects and side effects.

Question 15

Define “Thereputic benefit”

Answer 15

The desired effect of a drug.

Question 16

Define “side effect”.

Answer 16

The undesired effect of a drug.

Question 17

What are the 2 types of route of Drug administration?

Answer 17

Parental and non-parental

Question 18

What is a Parental route

Answer 18

Where a drug is delivered by a physical breach of the skin or mucus membranes.

Question 19

What is a non-parental route?

Answer 19

Where a drug is given in a way in which it can be absorbed passively.

Question 20

What are the 3 main key pieces of legislation in drugs admin?

Answer 20

• Medicines act 1968
• Misuse of drugs act 1971
• The human medicines regulations 2012

Question 21

What does the Medications act 1968 cover?

Answer 21

Testing, Licencing, lacking and identification of medications.

Question 22

What are the 3 categories under the Medications act 1978?

Answer 22

GSL - General Sales list.
P - Pharmacy
POMS - Prescription only medications

Question 23

What does the Misuse of drugs act 1971 cover?

Answer 23

Covers potentially dangerous or harmful drugs, that are risk of causing dependence or for misuse.

Question 24

What are the 3 categories of drug under the misuse of medications act 1971?

Answer 24

Cat A-C

Question 25

What does the Humann medications act cover?

Answer 25

It outlines at what time it is lawful to supply, possess, Import and export controlled drugs.

Question 26

Outline the different schedules cover under the Human medications regulations 2012?

Answer 26

Schedule 1 - Drugs of no therapeutic value. Schedule 2 - High substance abuse potential, possessed lawfully on a prescription. Schedule 3 - Some substance abuse potential. Schedule 4 - Lesser abuse potential, no safe custody requirements. Schedule 5 - Little risk of physical or psychological dependence. No restrictions to import, export, possess or administer.

Question 26

What does schedule 17 allow?

Answer 26

Certain Prescription only medications that can be administered parenatelly by paramedics.

Question 27

What does schedule 19 cover?

Answer 27

Certian POM's can be given by anyone in an emergency situation.

Question 28

Define "Patient Specific direction".

Answer 28

A written instruction, signed by a prescriber, to be prescribed and/or administered to a named patient.

Question 29

What 5 medication specific things need to be checked prior to administration?

Answer 29

- Packaging intact? - Inner packaging matches the outer packet - Correct presentation - in date? - Clear/Free form of contents (Where appropriate)

Question 30

What 3 places must an adverse reaction be documents?

Answer 30

- DATIX - EPRF/ Patent record - Yellow card reporting system

Question 31

What are nebuliser used for?

Answer 31

Used to deliver aerosolised medication

Question 32

What are the 5 stages of administering medication?

Answer 32

1. Establish medication 2. Gain patient consent 3. Complete medication safety checks, 4. Administer medication 5. Correctly document medication.

Question 33

When is an air driven nebulizer indicated?

Answer 33

- EX COPD requiring nebuliser mediction.

Question 34

If no air driven nebuliser available, how would you adapt treatment for an EX COPD patient?

Answer 34

Give through O2 driven for 6 mins.

Question 35

What are the contraindications for supplemental oxyygen?

Answer 35

- Explosive environment

Question 36

What are the indications for oxygen?

Answer 36

- Paedtrics with significant illness - Adults with moderate to to severe illness.

Question 37

In order for supplemental oxygen to reverse Hypoxia, what else needs to be considered?

Answer 37

- Sufficient ventilation - Adequate tissue perfusion