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Medical terminology > Medical terms Unit 10 > Flashcards

Medical terms Unit 10 Flashcards

(64 cards)

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1
Q

causalgia

A

severe burning pain caused by injury to a sensory nerve

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2
Q

cerebral palsy

A

condition characterized by poor muscle control, spasticity, speech defect, and other neurologic deficiencies

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3
Q

cerebrovascular accident

A

damage to the brain that occurs when blood flow to the brain is disrupted

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4
Q

concussion

A

violent shaking or jarring of the brain

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5
Q

cerebral contusion

A

bruising of brain tissue as a result of a head injury causing the brain to bounce against skull bone

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6
Q

encephalitis

A

inflammation of the brain

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7
Q

electroencephalography

A

recording the electrical activity through electrodes attached to the scalp

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8
Q

hyperesthesia

A

condition of abnormal and excessive sensitivity to touch, pain, or other sensory stimuli

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9
Q

paresthesia

A

burning or prickling sensation usually felt in the hands, arms, legs, or feet

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10
Q

anesthetic

A

medication used to prevent pain during surgery and other procedures

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11
Q

anesthetist

A

medical professional who specializes in administering anesthesia

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12
Q

myelography

A

radiographic study of the spinal cord

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13
Q

meningitis

A

inflammation of the meninges of the brain and spinal cord

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14
Q

meningocele

A

congenital herniation of the meninges through a defect in the skull or spinal column

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15
Q

myelitis

A

inflammation of the spinal cord & bone marrow

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16
Q

myelosis

A

tumor of the spinal cord & bone marrow

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17
Q

neurotransmitters

A

chemical substances that make it possible for messages to cross from the synapse of the neuron to the target receptor

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18
Q

peripheral neuropathy

A

disorder of the peripheral nerves that carry information to and from the brain & spinal cord
neuroplasty - surgical repair of a nerve

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19
Q

acrophobia

A

excessive fear of heights

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20
Q

claustrophobia

A

abnormal fear of being in small or enclosed spaces

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21
Q

psychologist

A

a specialist with a doctoral degree who evaluates and treats emotional problems & mental illness

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22
Q

psychiatrist

A

physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating chemical dependencies, emotional problems, and mental illness

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23
Q

cervical radiculopathy

A

nerve pain caused by pressure on the spinal nerve roots in the neck

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24
Q

neurotropic

A

medication, toxin, or virus that tends to attack the nervous system

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25
Alzheimer’s disease
group of disorders involving parts of the brain that control thought, memory, & language
26
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
rapidly progressive neurological disease that attacks nerve cells responsible for controlling voluntary muscles
27
anxiety disorder
mental condition characterized by excessive irrational dread of everyday situations
28
autism
broad range of conditions characterized by challenges with social skills, repetitive behaviors, speech, & nonverbal behaviors
29
Bell’s palsy
temporary paralysis of the seventh cranial nerve causing paralysis of the affected side of the face
30
carotid ultrasonography
diagnostic test to detect plaque buildup in the carotid artery
31
cognition
mental activities associated with thinking, learning, & memory
32
coma
deep state of unconsciousness marked by absence of spontaneous eye movements, no response to painful stimuli, & lack of speech
33
cranial hematoma
collection of blood trapped in the tissues of the brain
34
delirium
acute condition of confusion, disorientation, disordered thinking & memory, agitation, and hallucinations
35
delirium tremens
disorder involving sudden & severe mental changes or seizures after abruptly discontinuing alcohol use
36
delusion
false personal belief that is maintained despite obvious proof or evidence to the contrary
37
dementia
slow progressive decline in mental abilities
38
dura mater
thick outermost membrane of the meninges
39
dyslexia
learning disability cause by brain’s inability to process symbols
40
echoencephalography
use of ultrasound imaging to create a detailed image of the brain
41
epidural anesthesia
regional anesthesia produced by injecting medication into the epidural space or lumbar or sacral region of the spine
42
epilepsy
chronic neurological condition w/recurrent episodes of seizures
43
factitious disorder
serious mental disorder in which individual intentionally presents false medical or psychiatric symptoms
44
Guillan-Barré syndrome
inflammation of the myelin sheath of peripheral nerves
45
hallucination
a sensor perception experienced in the absence of external stimulation
46
hemorrhagic stroke
bleeding in the brain caused by a leaking blood vessel or a ruptured aneurysm
47
hydrocephalus
condition in which excess cerbrospinal fluid accumulates in the ventricles of the brain
48
hypochondriasis
unrealistic fear that one is seriously ill despite medical evidence to the contrary
49
ischemic stroke
event that occurs when blood to the brain is blocked by narrowing or blockage of a carotid artery
50
lethargy
lowered level of consciousness marked by listlessnes, drowsiness, & apathy
51
migraine headache
severe throbbing pain or pulsing sensation usually on one side of the head
52
multiple sclerosis
progressive autoimmune disorder that causes demyelination of the myelin sheath
53
narcolepsy
chronic sleep disorder characterized by overwhelming daytime drowsiness & sudden attacks of sleep
54
obsessive-compulsive disorder
chronic, long-lasting disorder characterized by uncontrollable, recurring thoughts & behaviors
55
panic attack
unexpected sudden experience of fear & physical symptoms in the absence of danger
56
Parkinson’s disease
chronic degenerative central nervous disorder characterized by fine muscle tremors, rigidity, and slow shuffling gait
57
post-traumatic stress disorder
mental health condition triggered by a terrifying event
58
Reye’s syndrome
serious or deadly disorder in children causing swelling of the liver and brain
59
schizophrenia
psychotic disorder usually characterized by withdrawal from reality
60
sciatica
inflammation of the sciatic nerve
61
seizure
sudden surge of electrical activity in the brain
62
shaken baby syndrome
brain injury, blindness, fractures, seizures, paralysis, or death caused by a violent shaking
63
syncope
brief loss of consciousness caused by decreased flow of blood to the brain
64
trigeminal neuralgia
inflammation of the fifth cranial nerve causing severe pain

Medical terminology (16 decks)

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