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Medical terminology > Medical terms unit 4 > Flashcards

Medical terms unit 4 Flashcards

(77 cards)

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1
Q

biceps brachii

A

thick, two headed muscle in the anterior upper arm

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2
Q

myocele

A

protrusion of muscle substance through a tear in the surrounding fascia

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3
Q

dystonia

A

abnormal muscle tone that impairs voluntary muscle movement

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4
Q

fasciitis

A

inflamation of a fascia

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5
Q

fibromyalgia syndrome

A

debilitating chronic condition w/fatigue, muscle/bone/joint pain

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6
Q

dyskinesia

A

distortion impairment of voluntary movement of a tic or spasm

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7
Q

hernia

A

internal organ or tissue bulges through a weak area of muscle

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8
Q

sacropenia

A

loss of muscle mass, strength, and functioning

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9
Q

ergonomics

A

study of human factors that affect design and operation of tools and work enviornment

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10
Q

spasmodic torticollis

A

stiff neck from spasmodic contraction of neck muscles

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11
Q

bradykinesia

A

extreme slowness in movement

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12
Q

hyperkinesia

A

abnormally increased muscle function/activity

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13
Q

myoparesis

A

weakness or slight muscular paralysis

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14
Q

myoclonus

A

sudden involuntary jerking of a muscle or group of muscles

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15
Q

myorrhaphy

A

surgical suturing of a muscle

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16
Q

paraplegia

A

paralysis of both legs and lower part of the body

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17
Q

quadriplegia

A

paralysis of all four extremities

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18
Q

hemiplegia

A

total paralysis affecting only one side of the body

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19
Q

myorrhexis

A

rupture or tearing of a muscle

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20
Q

ataxia

A

lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movement

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21
Q

tenodesis

A

surgical suturing of the end of a tendon to a bone

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22
Q

tenosynovitis

A

inflammation of the sheath surrounding a tendon

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23
Q

atonic

A

lacking normal muscle tone/strength

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24
Q

hypotonia

A

condition with diminished tone of skeletal muscles

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25
triceps brachii
thick three-headed muscle in the muscle in the posterior upper arm
26
abduction
movement of a limb away from the midline of the body
27
adduction
movement of a limb toward the midline of the body
28
adhesion
a band of fibrous tissue that is abnormally holding structures together
29
atrophy
weakness or wearing away of body tissues/structures
30
carpal tunnel syndrome
condition in which chronically overused tendons in the carpal tunnel become inflamed and swollen
31
chronic fatigue syndrome
disorder of unknown cause that affects multiple body systems
32
circumduction
circular movement at the far end of a limb
33
contracture
permanent tightening of fascia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, or skin caused by scarring or lack of use
34
dorsiflexion
movement that bends the foot upward at the ankle
35
electromyography
diagnostic test that measures the electrical activity within muscle fibers in response to nerve stimulation
36
epicondylitis
inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow
37
exercise physiologist
specialist who develops and implement excercise programs
38
ganglion cyst
harmless fluid-filled swelling that occurs on the outer surface of the wrist
39
heel spur
calcium deposit in the plantar fascia near the calcaneus bone
40
hemiparesis
slight paralysis or weakness affecting one side of the body
41
impingement syndrome
condition when imflamed and swollen tendons are caugt in the narrow space between the bones within shoulder joints
42
insertion
muscle ends by attaching bone or tendon
43
intermittent claudication
pain in leg muscles during excercise but reduced with rest
44
myasthenia gravis
chronic autoimmune disease that affects the nueromuscular junction, producing serious weakness of voluntary muscles
45
myofascial release
soft tissue manipulation technique to reduce pain in muscle tissue
46
myolysis
degeneration of muscle tissue
47
neuromuscular
pertaining to the relationship between a nerve and muscle
48
nocturnal myoclonus
jerking of the limbs while a person falls asleep
49
oblique
describes muscle fibers that are slanted or at an angle
50
paralysis
loss of sensation and voluntary muscle moevements through disease or injury to nerve supply
51
physiatrist
physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation
52
plantar fasciitis
inflammation of the thick band of tissue that runs across the bottom of the foot
53
polymyositis
muscle disease with simulatneous inflammation and weakening of voluntary muscles
54
pronation
rotation the arm/leg so that the hand palm/foot sole is turned downwar or backward
55
range of motion testing
diagnostic procedure to evaluate joint mobility and muscle strength
56
shin splint
injury to the body of the muscle or the attachment of a tendon
57
singultus
involuntary jerking of the diaphragm causing spasms (hiccups)
58
sphincter
ring-like muscle that tightly constricts the opening of a passageway
59
sprain
injury to a joint usually caused by wrenched or torn ligament
60
tenolysis
release of a tendon from adhesions
61
tenorrhaphy
surgical suturing together of the divided ends of a tendon
62
transverse
crosswise direction
63
bi-
twice, double, two
64
-cele
hernia, tumor, swelling
65
dys-
bad,difficult, painful
66
fasci/o
face, form
67
fibr/o
fibrous tissue, fiber
68
-ia
abnormal condition, disease
69
-ic
pertaining to
70
kines/o, kinesi/o
movement
71
my/o
muscle
72
-plegia
paralysis, stroke
73
rrhexis
rupture
74
tax/o
coordination, order
75
ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o
tendon, strectch out, extend, strain
76
ton/o
tension, tone, stretching
77
tri-
triple

Medical terminology (16 decks)

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