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Medical terminology > Medical terms unit 13 > Flashcards

Medical terms unit 13 Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

acromegaly

A

rare chronic disease characterized by abnormal enlargement of the extremities caused by excessive secretion of growth hormone after puberty

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2
Q

acromion

A

extension of the scapula that forms the high point of the shoulder

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3
Q

adrenalitis

A

inflammation of the adrenal glands

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4
Q

crinogenic

A

stimulating the production of secretions

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5
Q

polydipsia

A

excessive thirst

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6
Q

hyperglycemia

A

abnormally high concentration of glucose in the blood

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7
Q

hypoglycemia

A

abnormally low concentration of glucose in the blood

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8
Q

gonadotropin

A

any hormone that stimulates the gonads

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9
Q

cretinism

A

congenital form of hypothyroidism that causes arrested physical & mental development

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10
Q

gigantism

A

abnormal growth of entire body caused by excessive secretion of growth hormone before puberty

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11
Q

hyperinsulinism

A

condition of excessive secretion of insulin in the blood

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12
Q

pancreatitis

A

inflammation of the pancreas

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13
Q

pancreatectomy

A

surgical removal of all or part of the pancreas

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14
Q

parathyroidectomy

A

surgical removal of one or more parathyroid glands

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15
Q

pinealoma

A

tumor of the pineal gland that can disrupt the production of melatonin

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16
Q

pinealectomy

A

surgical removal of the pineal gland

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17
Q

hyperpituitarism

A

excess secretion of growth hormone that causes acromegaly & gigantism

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18
Q

pituitary adenema

A

slow-growing benign tumors of the pituitary gland

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19
Q

polyphagia

A

excessive hunger

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20
Q

polyuria

A

excessive urination

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21
Q

somatotropic hormone

A

hormone that regulates the growth of bone, muscle, & other body tissues

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22
Q

thymectomy

A

surgical removal of the thymus gland

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23
Q

thymitis

A

inflammation of the thymus gland

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24
Q

thymosin

A

stimulates the maturation of lymphocytes into T-cells

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25
hyperthyroidism
overproduction of thyroid hormones causing metabolism imbalance
26
aldosteronism
abnormal electrolyte balance caused by excessive secretion of aldosterone
27
antidiuretic hormone
secreted by the hypothalamus & stored in the pituitary gland; reduces the amount of water that is excreted through the kidneys
28
calcitonin
produced by the thyroid; works with the parathyroid hormone to decrease calcium levels in the blood & tissues
29
cortisol
corticoid steroid that has anit-inflammatory action
30
diabetes insipidus
insufficient production of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or inability of the kidneys to respond to ADH
31
diabetes mellitus
group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia
32
electrolytes
essential minerals found in body fluids & tissues
33
epinephrine
a hormone & neurotransmitter that stimulates heart rate, blood pressure, & sugar metabolism
34
estrogen
secreted by ovaries to develop & maintain female secondary sex characteristics & regulate menstrual cycle
35
exophthalmos
abnormal protrusion of the eyeball
36
follicle-stimulating hormone
a hormone produced by the pituitary gland that stimulates ova production in the ovaries and sperm in the testes
37
fructosamine test
measurement of average glucose levels over three-week period
38
gestational diabetes mellitus
diabetic condition that occurs during pregnancy & usually disappears after delivery
39
glucagon
secreted by the pancreas in response to low levels of glucose in the bloodstream
40
glucose
blood sugar
41
Grave’s disease
disorder caused by immune system attack of thyroid gland stimulating excessive production of thyroid hormone
42
growth hormone
a hormone produced in the pituitary gland that regulates the growth of bone, muscle, & other body tissues
43
gynecomastia
excessive mammary development in males
44
Hashimoto’s disease
autoimmune disease in which the body’s own antibodies attack & destroy cells in the thyroid gland
45
hypercalcemia
abnormally high concentrations of calcium circulating in the blood
46
hypothyroidism
underactive thyroid caused by deficiency of thyroid secretion
47
insulin
a hormone secreted by the pancreas in response to regulate blood sugar levels
48
insulinoma
benign tumor of the pancreas causing increased secretion of insulin
49
laparoscopic adrenalectomy
surgical procedure to remove one or both adrenal glands
50
leptin
protein hormone secreted by fat cells; regulates appetite
51
luteinizing hormone
stimulates ovulation in females; stimulates secretion of testosterone in males
52
myxedema
adult onset of extreme deficiency of thyroid secretion
53
norepinephrine
released as a hormone by both the adrenal & nervous systems; raises blood pressure, strengthens heartbeat, stimulates muscle contractions
54
oxytocin
stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth
55
progesterone
released by ovaries during second half of menstrual cycle to prepare uterus for possible pregnancy
56
prolactinoma
benign tumor of the pituitary gland causing production of too much lactogenic hormone
57
puberty
the process of sexual maturation in the male and female body
58
steroids
secreted by endocrine glands to relieve swelling & inflammation
59
testosterone
steroid hormone secreted by testicles & adrenal cortex to stimulate development of male secondary sex characteristics
60
thyroxine
regulates the rate of metabolism & affects the growth & rate of function of other body systems

Medical terminology (16 decks)

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