Medical terms Unit 9

Question 1

cystocele

Answer 1

hernia of the bladder through the vaginal wall

Question 2

cystitis

Answer 2

inflammation of the bladder

Question 3

cystoscopy

Answer 3

visual examination of the urinary bladder with specialized scope

Question 4

interstitial cystitis

Answer 4

chronic inflammation within the walls of the bladder

Question 5

dialysis

Answer 5

procedure to remove waste products, such as urea, creatinine, & excess water from the blood

Question 6

ureterectasis

Answer 6

distention of a ureter

Question 7

glomerulonephritis

Answer 7

inflammation of the glomeruli causing red blood cells & proteins to leak into urine

Question 8

cystolith

Answer 8

stone located within the urinary bladder

Question 9

ureterolith

Answer 9

stone located anywhere along the ureter

Question 10

hemodialysis

Answer 10

process in which waste products are filtered directly from blood

Question 11

nephrolysis

Answer 11

surgical freeing of a kidney from adhesions

Question 12

nephrolith

Answer 12

kidney stone

Question 13

nephrons

Answer 13

microscopic functional units of each kidney

Question 14

nephropathy

Answer 14

any disease of the kidney

Question 15

cystopexy

Answer 15

surgical fixation of the bladder to the abdominal wall

Question 16

pyeloplasty

Answer 16

surgical repair of the ureter & renal pelvis

Question 17

pyelotomy

Answer 17

surgical incision into the renal pelvis

Question 18

lithotripsy

Answer 18

procedure using focused ultrasonic energy to break up stones in the renal system

Question 19

enuresis

Answer 19

involuntary discharge of urine

Question 20

uremia

Answer 20

condition in which waste materials are no longer removed by kidneys and build up in blood

Question 21

ureterorrhagia

Answer 21

discharge of blood from the ureter

Question 22

urethrotomy

Answer 22

surgical incision into urethra or relief of a stricture

Question 23

anuria

Answer 23

absence of urine formation by the kidneys

Question 24

hyperprotenuria

Answer 24

presence of abnormally high concentrations of protein in the urine

Question 25

oliguria

Answer 25

scanty urination

Question 26

ablation

Answer 26

a treatment of prostate cancer involving removal of a body part or destruction of its function

Question 27

benign prostatic hyperplasia

Answer 27

enlargement of the prostate gland

Question 28

chronic kidney disease

Answer 28

progressive loss of renal function

Question 29

diuresis

Answer 29

increased output of urine

Question 30

end-stage renal disease

Answer 30

final stage of chronic kidney disease

Question 31

epispadias

Answer 31

congenital abnormality of the urethral opening (upper side of penis in males; region of the clitoris in females)

Question 32

hydronephrosis

Answer 32

swelling of one or both kidneys

Question 33

hydroureter

Answer 33

blocked ureter restricts flow of urine & swelling of the ureter

Question 34

hypoproteinemia

Answer 34

presence of abnormally low concentrations of protein in the blood

Question 35

hypospadias

Answer 35

congenital abnormality of the urethral opening (underside of the penis in males; into the vagina in females)

Question 36

incontinence

Answer 36

inability to control excretion of urine, feces, or both

Question 37

intravenous pyelogram

Answer 37

imaging test used to look at the kidneys and ureters

Question 38

nephrolithiasis

Answer 38

presence of stones in the kidney

Question 39

nephroptosis

Answer 39

prolapse/dropping down of a kidney into the pelvic area

Question 40

nephropyosis

Answer 40

suppuration of the kidney

Question 41

nephrostomy

Answer 41

placement of a catheter to maintain opening from center of one or both kidneys to exterior of the body

Question 42

nephrotic syndrome

Answer 42

a group of conditions in which excessive amounts of protein are lost through the urine

Question 43

neurogenic bladder

Answer 43

urinary problem caused by interference w/normal nerve pathways associated with urination

Question 44

percutaneous nephrolithotomy

Answer 44

surgical removal of a kidney stone

Question 45

nocturia

Answer 45

frequent and excessive urination during the night

Question 46

nocturnal enuresis

Answer 46

urinary incontinence during sleep

Question 47

peritoneal dialysis

Answer 47

a treatment for kidney failure in which a catheter directs cleansing fluid into the peritoneal membrane & then collects the absorbed waste products for disposal

Question 48

polycystic kidney disease

Answer 48

genetic disorder in which fluid filled cysts gradually overtake the kidney

Question 49

polyuria

Answer 49

excessive urination

Question 50

prostatism

Answer 50

disorder resulting from compression or obstruction of the urethra

Question 51

suprapubic catheterization

Answer 51

placement of a catheter into the bladder through small incision through abdominal wall just above pubic bone

Question 52

ureterorrhaphy

Answer 52

surgical suturing of a ureter

Question 53

urethritis

Answer 53

inflammation of the urethra

Question 54

urethropexy

Answer 54

surgical fixation of the urethra to nearby tissue

Question 55

urethrostenosis

Answer 55

narrowing of the urethra

Question 56

urinary catheterization

Answer 56

insertion of a tube into the bladder to drain urine from the bladder or to collect a sterile urine sample

Question 57

vesicovaginal fistula

Answer 57

abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina allowing constant involuntary flow of urine

Question 58

voiding cystourethrography

Answer 58

diagnostic procedure using fluoroscopy to examine flow of urine from the bladder & through the urethra

Question 59

Wilms tumor

Answer 59

rare type of malignant tumor of the kidney in young children