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uworld incorrects > medicine > Flashcards

medicine Flashcards

1
Q

acute hypersensitivity pneumonitis presents as

A

abrupt onset fever, dyspnea, non productive cough,fatigue, after exposure to antigen

fine crackles are heard
self resolves

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2
Q

allergic dermatitis occurs due to

A

memory t cells

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3
Q

what are the colon findings in IBD?

A

nothing

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4
Q

complex pain syndrome presents as

A

pain, burning, edema, skin changes, hair changes
patchy bone demineralization

4-6 weeks following trauma

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5
Q

wernickes triad?

A

encephalopathy
ocular dysfunction
gait ataxia

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6
Q

warning signs in headaches?

A

new onset, from trauma
seizures, change in cosciousness
anything new

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7
Q

what to do if headaches have warning signs?

A

mri!

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8
Q

HTN, hypokalemia, family history of htn, what to test for?

A

renin/aldosterone levels

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9
Q

maintenance therapy for cryptococcus meningitis?

A

fluconazole

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10
Q

worked with asbestos, restrictive lung disease, what happened?

A

exposure related pulmonary fibrosis

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11
Q

what does estrogen do to tbg?

A

increases it

thyroid levels up

free thyroid tsh normal

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12
Q

multiple myeloma presents as

A

clonal cell proliferation

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13
Q

best drug to reduce cardiac remodeling after mi?

A

ace i

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14
Q

distinguish CML from leukomoid reaction?

A

low LAP score in CML

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15
Q

cml is distinguished by

A

leukocytosis, basophilia, neutrophil precursors

abdominal mass

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16
Q

essential tremor…

A

suppressed at rest

worse at movement

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17
Q

normal iron, low hemoglobin in pregnant woman, what to do next?

A

hemoglobin electrophoresis

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18
Q

lid retraction, weight loss, tremor?

A

thyrotoxicosis

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19
Q

when to give packed red blood cell?

A

GI blood, HG less than 7

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20
Q

von willebrand disease?

A

easy bleeding, longer PTT

endoelila binding of platelets impaired

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21
Q

fatigue , pruiritis, eleveated alk phos, UC?

A

PSC

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22
Q

Imaging for PSC?

A

MRCP

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23
Q

PSC shows … on imaging

A

dilation of intrahepatic and extrahepatic ducts

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24
Q

Pulm emb findings?

A

increased RA presss
increased Pulm artery press
normal pulm cap wedge pressure

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25
Q

youre using metformin but have renal insufficiency, what do you do?

A

hold metformin

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26
Q

GBS?

A

ascending symmetrical paralysis over days and weeks

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27
Q

preferred treatment for COPD is

A

long acting muscarinic agonist, except in low risk patients

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28
Q

ear pain, face weakness, granulation tissue in ear?

A

necrotizing otitis externa

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29
Q

necrotizing otitis externa is caused by?

A

pseudomonas

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30
Q

microscopic colitis?

A

chronic, watery diarrhea

with mononuclear cell infiltration of lamin propria

subendothelial collagen band

made worse by meds and smoking, such as nsaids

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31
Q

what HTN drug most likely causes edema?

A

CCB

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32
Q

what causes orthostatic hypotension in the elderly?

A

baroreceptros become less sensitive

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33
Q

stable angina caused by, presents as

A

CAD, often aortic stenosis, chest pain upon exertion

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34
Q

watery eye , redness, pain with branching ulcerations on slip lamp test is

A

HSV keratitis

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35
Q

young person, lfts high, neuropsych symptoms, kaiser fleischer rings ,what is it?

A

wilsons disease

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36
Q

what is hepatorenal syndrome?

A

decreased renal function due to sirhossis

renal vasoconsrictiction decreases GFR

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37
Q

what causes hepatorenal syndrome?

A

splanchnic artery dilation

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38
Q

bounding pulses are found in

A

aortic regurg

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39
Q

glomerular vs non glomerular hematuria?

A

glomerular has microsopic blood

cola urine, non specific symptoms

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40
Q

RA cytokines can promote

A

bone loss

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41
Q

isotonic saline is

A

.9%

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42
Q

single brain lesion with adjacent head infection is caused by

A

strep viridans or staph

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43
Q

AFIB causes

A

left atrial enlargement in the elderly

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44
Q

signle greatest factor for life threatening asthma?

A

previous intubation

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45
Q

radiation treatment of hodgekin lymphoma can cause

A

solid organ cancer

CV disease

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46
Q

hypertensive nephrosclerosis presents as

A

high creatinine
normal urinalyis
bilatteral small kidnets
hyaline arteriosclerosis

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47
Q

instertitial nephritis presents as, related to what?

A

fever rash oliguria white bllod vell casts

nsaids

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48
Q

atn presents as, related to what?

A

muddy brown casts, edema and oliguria, ischemia and toxins

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49
Q

chronic alcoholic, given food, now cant move , hyporeflexia, what is it and do you test?

A

refeeding syndrome

serum phosphorus level

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50
Q

epistaxis, avms, ruby papules that bleach ?

A

osler weber rendu syndrome

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51
Q

osler weber rendu can cause what in the lungs?

A

av shunting

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52
Q

renal artery stenosis presents as

A

resistant htn

systolic diastolic bruit

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53
Q

diagnostic test in cushing?

A

dexamethason suppression test

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54
Q

crystal induced aki presents as

A

within 7 days of starting drug or ethylee glycol

hematuria,pyuria, drugs

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55
Q

what does pronator drift test for?

A

pyramidal tract disease

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56
Q

treat PE in patient with kidney disease?

A

unfractionated heparin

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57
Q

alopecia areata presents as

A

painless hair loss , patchy, non scaling

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58
Q

treatment for alopecia?

A

corticosteroids (triamcinolone)

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59
Q

do we screen for bladder cancer?

A

no

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60
Q

putaminal hemhorrage cause

A

contralateral hemiparesis and hemianesthesia

gaze deviation towards lesion

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61
Q

cortical infarct presents as

A

contralateral hemiparesis and hemianesthesia
gaze deviation towards lesion

however, stuttering course, getting better and getting worse

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62
Q

medullary infarct presentst as

A

ipsilateral cranial nerve deficits

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63
Q

subarachnoid hemhorrage presents as

A

headache with neck stiffness

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64
Q

polymyositis presents as

A

proximal muscle weakness of lower extremities

“cant get out of chair”

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65
Q

definitive diagnostic test for polymyositis?

A

muscle biopsy

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66
Q

pneumonia on top of flu, what organisms?

A

s pneumo

s aureus

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67
Q

treatment for pneumo on top of flu?

A

vanc

levofloxacin

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68
Q

essential tremor

A

worsens with movement

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69
Q

treatment for essential tremor in person with airway disease?

A

primidone

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70
Q

parkinson tremor

A

at rest, improves with movement

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71
Q

amiloride can cause

A

hyperkalemia, k sparing diuretic

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72
Q

calciphlyaxis is, risk factors?

A

end stage renal disease , arterial calcification, calcium deposition with necrosis

hyperphosphatemia, hypercalcemia

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73
Q

optic disc cupping indicates

A

open angle glaucoma, loss of peripheral viison

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74
Q

first line treatment for open angle glaucoma?

A

prostaglandin such as latanoprost, asap before vision loss!

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75
Q

how does low platelets happen in SLE?

A

antiplatelet antibodies

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76
Q

MG happens by

A

antibodies to ach receptors at junction

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77
Q

first step for patients with lower urinary tract symptoms like bph?

A

urinalysis

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78
Q

digoxin can cause

A

av block, tachycardia, hypokalemia

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79
Q

decrease liver inflammation and portal pressure in pt with cirrhosis?

A

give up alcohol

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80
Q

DVT in lupus?

A

anti phospholipid antibody syndrome

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81
Q

antiphospholipid antibody syndrome characterized as

A 
thromboembolic disease
loss of fetus
prolonged PTT
anticardiolipin or lupus anticoagulant
mixing test doesnt fix it
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82
Q

what happens due to increased estrogen in cirrhosis?

A

spider agioma

palmer eryythema

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83
Q

ascending cholangitis symptoms?

A

jaundice, pain, ruq pain, high direct bilirubin

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84
Q

lateral medullary syndrome?

A

vertigo
ipsilateral face loss of pain and temp
contralateral loss of sebsation body
horner syndrome

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85
Q

midbrain strokes cause

A

ataxis, ipsilateral occulomotor dysfunction

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86
Q

damage to parietal lobe causes what?

A

hemineglect
sensory neglect
motor neglect
conceptual neglect

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87
Q

damage to temporal lobe causes what?

A

issues with

learning, memory, speech

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88
Q

osteomalacia leads to

A

low calcium low phosphte high pth

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89
Q

osteomalacia caused by

A

decreased vitamin d

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90
Q

bartonella causes

A

bacilliary angiomatosis in hiv patients, vascular symproms with systemic, cd4<100

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91
Q

loss of consciousness provoked by emotions?

A

vasovagal syncope

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92
Q

young athlete with difficulty breathing, inspiratory stridor, didnt get better after treated for asthma

A

paradoxical vocal cord motion

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93
Q

in positively skewed data,

A

mean is greater than median

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94
Q

scleroderma renal crisis shows up as

A

schistocytes

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95
Q

study uncommon disease with long latent period?

A

case control studies

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96
Q

first thing you do when you suspect meningiits?

A

vanc and ceftriaxone

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97
Q

nephrotic syndrom can cause RVT due to

A

hypercoadulability

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98
Q

acute painless vision loss for several hours with cherry red macula?

A

central retinal artery occlusion

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99
Q

wool spots, sudden vision loss, diffuse hemhorrages?

A

central retinal vein occlusion

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100
Q

delayed sleep wake phase disorder?

A

sleep difficulties when you have to wake up early

on the weekend, when they can wake up when they want, normal sleep

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101
Q

spinal cord compression?

what to do?

A

back pain
electric shock sensations
neurological defects

MRI asap

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102
Q

treatment for raynauds?

A

CCB such as amlodipine

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103
Q

hodgkin lymphoma?

A

B symptoms

cervical or superclavicular lymph nodes

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104
Q

woman with migraines on birth control, what to do?

A

stop the BC

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105
Q

diabetic retinopathy presents as

A

cotton wool spots
microaneurysms
neovascularization

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106
Q

diagnose carbon monoxide posioning?

A

arterial blood gas co oximetry

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107
Q

PE symptoms?

A

tachypnea, tachycardia, hypoxemia
S1Q3T3 ECG

afib!

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108
Q

how does prostate cancer metastasis present?

A

osteoblastic lesions with focal, sclerotic lesions

elevated alk phos

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109
Q

treatment for parkinsons tremors

A

trihexyphenidyl or other anticholinergic

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110
Q

acute mountain sickness with drowsiness, what to do?

A

they have have high altitude cerebral edema

dive them dexamethasone

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111
Q

celiac disease will have abnormal

A

d xylose test, cant absorb it

urinary xylose will be low

false positive if have have small bowel bacteria overgrowth

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112
Q

nephritic glomerulonephritis usually causes pulmonary edema due to

A

glomerular damage

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113
Q

treatment for urge incontience?

A

anti muscarinics (oxybutynin)

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114
Q

overflow incontinence treated by?

A

cholinergic agoinists (bethanecol)

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115
Q

what is mobitz type 1?

A

prolonged pr interval follwoed by dropped qrs

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116
Q

what is mobitz type 2?

A

randomly dropped qrs

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117
Q

first degree av block is

A

prolonged pr interval

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118
Q

most important thing in cardiac event

A

time to rhythm analysis and defibrillation if needed

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119
Q

adenosine is used for

A

svt

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120
Q

amiadarone is used for

A

v tach

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121
Q

drug induced rhabdomyolysis can cause

A

acute kidney injury

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122
Q

why to avoide nitrates in rv mi?

A

can worsen hypotension

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123
Q

for step in rv mi?

A

ECG

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124
Q

how to suspect rv mi?

A

inferior leads

2, 3 AVF

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125
Q

decompensated heart failure causes

A

constriction of renal efferent arterioles

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126
Q

MPGN is caused by

A

HIV, HCV, HBV, small cell vasculitis

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127
Q

MPGN can be test by

A

cryoglobulins

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128
Q

first thing to do aki?

A

urinalyisis

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129
Q

what to do hyperkalemia, tumor lysis syndrome?

A

iv calcium gluconate

insulin +glucose

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130
Q

what to do after ecg in patient with cardiac event?

A

do another, initial ecg might be normal

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131
Q

exertional syncope is caused by

A

aortic stenosis

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132
Q

initial treatment for claudication of exremes includes

A

nsaids
statins
exercise therapy

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133
Q

what differentiates seizures from syncope

A

tongue biting in seizure

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134
Q

which medications can cause potassium shifts in asthmatics

A

in haled beta agonists

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135
Q

chronic vomitin alkalosis , what to do?

A

normal saline

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136
Q

pericarditis after mi ?

A

4 days after
chest pain with friction rub
diffuse st elevation

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137
Q

ruptrue of free ventricular left wall happens

A

2 weeks after mi

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138
Q

ventricular aneurysm happens

A

months after mi

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139
Q

vagal maneuvers fix avnrt via

A

av node conduction

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140
Q

nephrogenic diabetes insipidus affects

A

renal collecting ducts

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141
Q

in the elderly, ssris can cause

A

siadh

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142
Q

what to avoid in prematura arial contractions?

treatment?

A

tobacco, alcohol

b blocker

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143
Q

hyperkalemia with ekg changes, what to do?

A

iv calcium gluconate

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144
Q

chronic venous insufficiency is initially treated with

A

leg elevation
exercise
compression stockings

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145
Q

treatment of siadh with coma?

A

hypertonic saline

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146
Q

chronic anticoagulation is requried for what chadvasc score?

A

more than 2 for men

more than 3 for women

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147
Q

new onset of htn, what to do?

A

look for comorbidities

lipid panel
diabetes

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148
Q

iga nephropathy happens

A

days after uri

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149
Q

claw taw, foot deformities in person with diabetes?

A

diabetic nephropathy

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150
Q

diabetes, hepatomegaly, pseudogout?

A

check for iron levels

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151
Q

for test for lupus?

A

anti nuclear antibody

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152
Q

treatment for hand OA?

A

topical nsaids

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153
Q

PAH in system sclerosis is caused by?

A

lumenal narrowing

154
Q

when to start colonscopy in patients with UC?

A

8 years after diagnosis

155
Q

less than 45, rectal bleeding, first step?

A

anoscopy

156
Q

nsaids in the elderly?

A

iron deficincy anemia

157
Q

pbc can lead to

A

absorption issues, osteomalacia

158
Q

how to treat b blocker overdose

A

iv glucagon

159
Q

b blocker overdose presents as

A

bradycardia, hypotension, wheezing, hypoglycemia, shock

160
Q

young pt with afib, no other symptoms?

A

check tsh

161
Q

treatment for aortic dissection?

A

IV b blocker

162
Q

nitrates

A

decrease end diastolic volume

163
Q

s3 means

A

increased cardiac filling pressure, chf

164
Q

heart sound in mi?

A

s4, ventricular walls cant relax

165
Q

hyperkalemic emergency treatment?

A

iv calcium gluconate

166
Q

diagnose pneumocytis jirovecii how?

A

bronchalveolar lavage

167
Q

pneumocystitis jirovecii looks like?

A

dry cough, fever, respiratory failure, elevated ldh

168
Q

chancroids look like

A

painful ulcer with purulance and painful base

169
Q

pregnant woman with lyme?

A

amoxicillin

170
Q

diagnose kids potentially with meninigitis?

A

lumbar puncture

171
Q

first thing to do suspected endocarditis?

A

blood culture

172
Q

what to do cns involvement of sle suspected?

A

lumbar puncture

173
Q

CD4 less than 50, small volume diarrhea, abdominal pain, hematochezia, what is it?

A

CMV

174
Q

cd4 less than 180, severe watery diarrhea?

A

cryptosporidium

175
Q

what to look at , assymetric raynauds?

A

ANA

176
Q

when to do prophylaxis of toxo and cmv in hiv?

A

toxo: CD4 less than 100
CMV: never

177
Q

no bacteria on gram stain, mucuopurulent discharge on urethrea?

A

chylmadia

178
Q

hiv, nonenhancing white matter lesions?

A

PML

179
Q

infective endocarditis after dental procedure?

A

strep viridans

180
Q

endocarditis after skin procedure?

A

staph aureus

staph epidermitis

181
Q

sudden cardiac arrest most likely caused by

A

ventricular arrythmias

182
Q

what to do in early lyme disease?

A

doxycycline, serology is negative

183
Q

viral myocarditis presents as?

A

nonspecific viral symptoms preceeding myocarditis, non specific st changes

184
Q

treatment for nocardia?

A

sulfa

185
Q

ct scan negative, suspect subarachnoid, what to do?

A

lumbar puncture

186
Q

vascular dementia causes

A

cortical or subcortical infarcts

187
Q

treatment for ankylosing spondylitis?

A

tnf a inhibitor (enteracept)

188
Q

syncope with no prodrome, what to do?

A

ecg, could be cardiac

189
Q

test after embolism for pulm thrombosis?

A

TTE, see how big it is

190
Q

ALS has

A

decreased FVC, normal FEV1/FVC, decreased inspiratory volume

191
Q

medications that cause memory loss in the elderly

A

antihistamines

192
Q

how are asthma and copd different?

A

copd cant be reversed with bronchodilators

193
Q

preferred therapy for copd?

asthma?

A

inhaled anti muscarinics

inhaled corticosteroids

194
Q

secretory diarrhea presents as

A

toxins, vibrio cholerae

low stool osmotic gap

persists while fasting

195
Q

osmotic diarrhea presents as

A

occurs after ingesting substance

high stool osmotic gap

goes away after fasting

196
Q

what can worsen graves disease proptosisi?

A

radioactive iodine

197
Q

myasthenia gravis affects

A

muscle end plate

198
Q

tender, swollen prostate, flu like illness, lower uri symptoms? what is it and what to do?

A

prostatitis

urine culture

199
Q

how to treat opioid withdrawal?

A

buprenephrone or methadone

200
Q

vasovagal syncope prodrome

A

bradycardia

201
Q

patients with multiple myeloma are prone to infections why?

A

hypogammaglobinemia

202
Q

recovery hbv infections presents with

A

hbv antibody

hbv core protein

203
Q

acute hbv infections present with

A

hbv antigen

204
Q

autoimmune condiiton
vitamin b12 deficiency
postprandial abdominal pain
high gastrin?

A

autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis

205
Q

patients with ischemic stroke outside 4.5 hour tpa window should receive

A

anticoagulation

206
Q

drinking alot, n/v, anorexia, fever, what is it?

A

acute pancreatitis

207
Q

how to confirm primary adrenal insufficiency?

A

consyntropin cotesting

208
Q

test to order with cirrhosis?

A

upper endo

check for varices

209
Q

prophylaxis for varices?

A

b blocker

210
Q

WHEN TO do mri for back pain?

A

more than 4 weeks of pain
night pain
previous malignancy

211
Q

treatment for postthrombotic syndrome?

A

exercise

compression

212
Q

evidence of pe?

A

tachycardia, chest pain, hemoptysis, wedgse shaped infarct

213
Q

scc presents as?

A

scaly erythematous plaque that grows slowly, well demarcted

214
Q

how can opioids cause rhabdomyoloysis?

A

impaired movement

kidney injury

215
Q

rhabdomyloysis lab findings

A

hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia

high AST

216
Q

G6PD causes

A

hemolysis in response to stressors such as drugs
elevated bilirubin low haptoglobin
testing can be normal!
look for black ethnicity

217
Q

most common form of leukemia in kids?

adults?

A

ALL

AML

218
Q

ALL presents as

associated with

A

TDT

fever, night sweats, bone pain, petechail rash, leukocytosis

associated with trisomy 21

219
Q

AML presents as

A

older person above 30

fever, night sweats, bruising, bone pain auer rods

220
Q

CLL presents as

A

CD5, smudge cells

patient of 60, splenomegaly, TENDER mass is cervical area, lymphocytosis

221
Q

CML presents as

A

fatigue, weight loss, abdominal mass

9,22 translocation

222
Q

difference between septal and preseptal cellulitis?

A

in septal, issues with eye movement and pain with eye movement

223
Q

preseptal cellulitis vs septal cellulitis

A

dermis

orbital fat

224
Q

non hemolytic febrile reaction ?

A

previous blood transfusions
fever, chills, hypotension maybe
nothing else

225
Q

acute hemolytic reaction?

A

flushing, fever, chills

nv, abd pian, hematuria, can lead to anemia

226
Q

OCD treatment is

A

SSRIs

227
Q

AOM in kids without antibioitic use before?

A

amox only

228
Q

how to check for proper alignment after hip fixing?

A

ct scan

229
Q

dilated bule duct in the absence of stones

elevated alk phos

A

sphincter of oddi dysfunction

230
Q

late term pregnancy can cause

A

oligohydramnios
macrosomia
demise

231
Q

what to do if you see an injury of one vertebra?

A

image the entire spine!

232
Q

less than 1 month after transplant, what kind of infection?

A

bacterial, rapid hemodynamic decompensation

233
Q

1-6 month after transplant, what kind of infection?

A

CMV

234
Q

acute cellular rejection after transplant?

A

less than 90 days

fever, RUQ pain,LFT high

235
Q

minimal change occurs due to

A

cytokine glomerular injury

236
Q

prevent oxygen toxicity with mechanical ventilation?

A

lower FiO2 below 60%

237
Q

osteoporosisi with vague pain, hypercalcemia, anemia?

A

check for multiple myeloma

238
Q

monochorionic twins are at risk for

A

twin twin transfusion syndrome

239
Q

best treatment for allergic rhitis?

A

intraasal glucocorticoid

240
Q

galactosemia presents as

A

vomiting, jaundice, hepatomegaly, cataracts later

241
Q

adrenal crisis presents as

A

patient on chronic glucocorticoid, hypotension, hypoglycemia, shock

242
Q

treatment of adrenal crisis?

A

hydrocortisone or dexamethasone

243
Q

treatment for cataracts?

A

remove the lens

244
Q

CGD presents as

A

cant kill catalase positive organisms such as staph

245
Q

shortened, externally rotated leg after fall?

A

femoral neck fracture

246
Q

posterior hip dislocation presents as

A

adducted, internally rotated leg

247
Q

5 alpha reductase deficiency

A

looks like girl with female external genitalia

undescended testes, male internal genitalia

46 xy

male hair development

248
Q

if you cant do peripheral IV in situation, what do you do?

A

interosseous

249
Q

angiosarcoma mostly happen in

A

people with prior radiation

250
Q

acute uricaria lasts

A

less than 24 hours

251
Q

contact dermatitis lasts

A

for days

252
Q

which antidepressant is linked to HTN?

A

venlafaxine

253
Q

first trimester bleeding, HCG high but below 3500?

A

Repeat HCG every 48 hours

254
Q

recurrent cystitis in kids with constipation?

A

caused by urinary stasis

255
Q

primary htn, what else to screen?

A

diabetes

256
Q

imperforate hymen?

A

amenhorrea, cyclical abdominal pain

bulging membrane between labia

257
Q

increased AFP?

A

hepatocellular carcinoma

258
Q

atelectasis causes

A

alkalosis , low pac02

259
Q

newborn cyanonis that does not improve with 100% oxygen?

A

ductal dependent heart defect, keep pda open with PDE

260
Q

abusive head trauma in n ewborn?

A

retinal hemhorrages! shearing of bridging veins

261
Q

giant cell tumor?

A

soup bubble lesions

262
Q

erysipelas is caused by

A

group a strep

263
Q

cellulitis is caused by

A

staph or pseudomonas

264
Q

triad of nsaids caused asthma?

A

nasal polyps
asthma
bronchospasm

265
Q

medications to use for psychotic symptoms in parkinsons?

A

low dose antipsychs like quetiapine

266
Q

what to treat smoke inhalation victims for empirically?

A

cyanaide poisoning

267
Q

cystic hygroma?

A

posterior triangle of neck, right after birth

268
Q

brachial cleft cyst?

A

anterior to scm, develops later in childhood

269
Q

acute fatty liver disease presents as, how to treat?

A

pregnant, 3rd trimester

liver failure (very low glucose), RUQ pain

DIC, thrombocytopenia

increased liver enzymes

deliver immediately!

270
Q

acute lymphangitis presents as

A

regional erythematous streaks at cutaneous wound

regional lymphadenopathy

271
Q

how to treat lymphangitis

A

cephalexin

272
Q

atlantoaxial instability presents as

A

UMN

incontinenct, gait changes, weakness

273
Q

cmv esophagitis presents as

A

linear ulcers , treat with ganciclovir

274
Q

hsv esophagitis presents as

A

round, volcano appearance with inclusions

275
Q

bloody gastroenteritis with seizures in kids?

A

shigella

276
Q

treatment for toxic megacolon

A

IV corticosteroids

277
Q

toxic megacolon presents as

A

IBD with dilated colon, fever, tachycardia

278
Q

nightmares vs sleep terrors

A

in sleep terrors, dont remember dream, cant be comforted, cant be woken up fully

279
Q

mitral stenosis causes

A

enlarged left atrium

280
Q

mitral stenosis murmur?

A

diastolic with opening snap

281
Q

treatment for plaque psoriasis?

A

topical glucocorticoids

282
Q

tinea corporis is treating with

A

topical antifungals

283
Q

leukocyte adhesion deficiency presents as?

A

mucosal + skin infections
no purulence
umbilical cord seperation delayed
less CD18

284
Q

fanconi anemia presents as

A

hypopigmentation
anemia
short stature
abnormal thumb

285
Q

spondylosis occurs due to

A

osteophyte formation

286
Q

treatment for HTN due to primary aldosteronism

A

spironolactone or eplerenone

287
Q

when to do valve surgery?

A

LVEF less than 60%

288
Q

bile duct destruction leads to

A

high bilirubin high ggt

289
Q

non bullous impetigo, how to treat?

A

topical mupirocin

290
Q

frothy green discharge from vagina?

A

trichimonis, flagellated organisms

291
Q

thin, off white discharge from vagina with fishy smell?

A

bacterial vaginosis

292
Q

how to test for glaucoma?

A

tonometry to check for IOP

293
Q

new onset psychosis, what to check?

A

CBC, metabolic panel, urinary toxicology, mental health screening

294
Q

posterior dislocation of shoulder?

A

arm is in adduction and internal rotation

295
Q

anterior dislocation of shoulder?

A

arm is in abduction and external rotation

296
Q

what to do after concussion?

A

24-48 hours of rest and nsaids

gradual return to play

297
Q

what kind of tremor is in alcoholic cerebellar dysfunction?

A

postural tremor

298
Q

hemhoraggic shock due to placental abruption, what to do?

A

transfuse blood products

299
Q

hemhorragic stroke?

A

tachycardia
hypotension
cool extremities

300
Q

parkinsons has

A

alpha synclein in dopamin neurons

301
Q

alzheimers has

A

amyloid deposition

302
Q

how to confirm NPH?

A

lumbar puncture

303
Q

how to treat NPH?

A

ventricular shunt

304
Q

macular degeneration earliest finding?

A

thin lines look wavy

305
Q

laryngeotracheitis symptoms?

A

croup

uri to stridor to dog bark cough

tracheal edema

306
Q

how is croup treated?

A

corticosteroids

more severe is racemic epinephrine

307
Q

HD happens due to

A

loss of GABA

cell death in putamen and caudate nucleus

308
Q

early side effects of ssris?

A

headache, n/v, insominia

309
Q

what pathway hyperpolactinemia?

A

D2 antagonism tubuloinfundibular pathway

310
Q

splenic abscess is typically caused by

A

infective endo

311
Q

if you see early decelerations, what to do?

A

give a vasopresor to stop placetal insufficiency, such as phenylepherine

312
Q

niplle discharge with no other clinical manifestations?

A

nothing else

313
Q

which urethral stones pass spontaneously?

A

less than 5cm

314
Q

in ankle sprains with limited tenderness distal to malleolus, with weightbearing, what to do?

A

conservative management such as bracing

315
Q

chronic prostatitis presents as

A

recurrent UTIs in young man
pain with ejaculation
prostate might be normal

316
Q

sternal dischiscence is,

what to do?

A

2 edges of sternum separate after surgery

clicking sound

surgery

317
Q

treatment for loss of pregnancy due to fibroids?

A

myomectomy

318
Q

PTU can cause

A

agranulocytosis, discontinue less than 100 WBC count

319
Q

CGD presents as

A

lung infections and abscesses, infections by catalase positive

320
Q

diagnose sjorgens?

A

anti sso a b

321
Q

blunt chest trauma with rapid pneumothorax reaccumulation and subcutaneous emphysema?

A

bronchial rupture

322
Q

bronchiolitis can cause

A

apnea

323
Q

elderly patient withparkinsons, n/v, constipation, abdominal pain

A

sigmoid volvulus

324
Q

croup treatment?

A

dexamethasone

325
Q

how to scan for meckel?

A

technetium 99

326
Q

community acquired pneumonia with initial normal xray, what to do?

A

if persistent fever for 48 years, do xray again

327
Q

asymmetric fetal growth restriction usually caused by

A

maternal HTN

328
Q

anti smooth anitbodies with high liver enzymes?

A

auto immune hepatitis

329
Q

hepatorenal syndrome causes renal hypoperfusion via

A

systemic vasodilation

330
Q

treatment for papulopustular rosacea ?

A

metronidazole

331
Q

cmv causes what on blood smear

A

large irregular basophils, lymphocytosis

332
Q

how to evaluate thyroid nodules?

A

TSH and ultrasound

333
Q

when to do FNA on thyroid nodules?

A

greater than 2 cm, or 1cm with cysts

334
Q

cranial hemhorrage in elderly with alzheimers is most likely due to

A

amyloid angeiopathy

335
Q

porphyria cutanea tarda assocaited with

A

hcv

336
Q

bloody nipple discharge with breast mass

A

invasive ductal carcinoma

337
Q

bloody nipple discharge with no mass

A

intraductal papilloma

338
Q

multiple fetal demises?

A

antiphospholipid syndrome should be suspected

339
Q

differnece between SJS and TEN?

A

TEN covers more than 30% of body

340
Q

lumbosacral abnormality with stretch induced dysfunction of spinal cord?

A

tethered cord syndrome

341
Q

tethered cord syndrome presents as

A

worsening back, butt and leg pain with spinal movement

diminshed reflexes, foot drop

342
Q

low TSH, thyroid nodule what to do?

A

radionucleoitide thyroid scan

343
Q

high tsh, thyroid nodule what to do

A

antithyroperoxidase

344
Q

tumor lysis syndrome has

A

increase phosphorus, k, uric acid

decreases calcium

345
Q

tempraol lobe hemhorrage newborn?

A

HSV

346
Q

prior uterine rupture mostly caused by

A

prior uterine surgery

347
Q

most common risk for orbitial cellulitis?

A

sinusistis

348
Q

osteolytic lesions in the elderly?

A

do SPEP for multiple myeloma

349
Q

what to do suspected biliary atresia?

A

liver biopsy

350
Q

biliary atresia symptoms?

A 
after 2-8 weeks
acholic stools
dark urine
jaundice
conjugated hyperbilirubin
351
Q

biggest complication of ERCP?

A

pancreatitis

352
Q

severe IGA deficiency can cause what?

A

GI and sinus infections

also anaphlyaxis after blood transfusions

353
Q

chronic sinus infections with hemoptysis?

A

bronchioectasis

354
Q

ischemic hepatitis presents as

A

MI

liver injury with aminotransferSE ABOVE 1000

355
Q

fatigue, HTN, chronic utis in kids?

A

look for CKD, creatinine

356
Q

GVHD targets

A

skin
intestine
liver

357
Q

Host vs graft disease presents as

A

neutropenia

graft rejection

358
Q

woman above 40, boggy uterus, dysmenhorrea?

A

adenomyosis

359
Q

wilms tumor?

A

kidney tumor

ages 2-5

360
Q

neuroblastoma?

A

kidney tumor

less than 2

361
Q

aspergillus presents as

A

nnodules surrounded by ground glass opacities

fever, chest pain, hemoptysis

362
Q

nasopharyngeal carcinoma?

A

chinese guy with

nasal congestion, epistaxis, facial numbess

363
Q

how to test for esophagus perforation?

A

esopphagram with water soluble

364
Q

spinal cord anurysm can be caused by

A

abdominal aorta repair

365
Q

primary adrenal insufficiency test?

A

acth suppression test

366
Q

diphenhydramine over dose persents as

A

anticholinergic toxicity

367
Q

in young kids, most common organism in cystic fibrosis is

A

s. aureus

368
Q

therapy to kill cancer cells after reoccurance?

A

salvage therapy

369
Q

adjuvant cancer therapy?

A

in addition to normal therapy

370
Q

consolidation therapy

A

additional therapy to remove disease burden after initial therapy

371
Q

induction cancer therapy?

A

initial therapy

372
Q

maintenance caner therapy

A

given after cancer therapy to kill any residual cells

373
Q

hodgkins lymphoma presents as what lab values?

A

high lactate dehydrogenase

high eosinophilia

374
Q

test for TTP?

A

peripheral blood smear

375
Q

what is increased in heridetary spherocytosis?

A

mchc

376
Q

biggest risk factor for endometrial cancer?

lowers it?

A

obesity

smoking, birth control

377
Q

in postmenopausal women estrogen is used for

A

vasomotor symptoms

378
Q

lichen sclerosis what to do?

A

vulvar biopsy

379
Q

first step for complete herniation of uterus?

A

pessary

380
Q

overflow incontiennce?

A

urine dribbling
incomplete bladder emptying
caused by bladder obstruction such as fibroids

uworld incorrects (2 decks)

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