Medicines 56 Flashcards
(25 cards)
What are some key side effects that need to be counselled on with Vincristine?
Bronchospasm:
Severe bronchospasm is more likely when combined with mitomycin-C.
Neurotoxicity:
Common, cumulative sensory and motor neuropathies (e.g. paresthesia, weakness, jaw pain, ileus).
➡️ Monitor regularly; may require dose reduction, interruption, or discontinuation.
Motor weakness may progress and needs prompt action.
Recovery is usually slow but complete.
what are the steps for CPR in a child
5 rescue breaths
then 30 chest compressions:2 rescue breaths
What urate levels are the diagnosis of gout?
A serum urate level of 360 micromol/L (6 mg/dL) or more confirms the diagnosis.
How should a canestan pessary be used in pregnancy
Insert the pessary gently with a finger to reduce the risk of cervical irritation or trauma.
OBVS has to be prescribed rather than OTC
How do ciclosporin and tacrolimus affect electrolytes?
Ciclosporin: Monitor serum potassium (risk of hyperkalaemia, especially in renal dysfunction) and magnesium (risk of hypomagnesaemia)
Tacrolimus: Monitor serum potassium (risk of hyperkalaemia, especially in renal impairment), magnesium (risk of hypomagnesaemia),
WHat medication is used to treat “off” symptoms in parkinsons inadequately controlled by levodopa or other dopaminergics?
Apomorphine - IV
Inidication - Refractory motor fluctuations in Parkinson’s disease (‘off’ episodes) inadequately controlled by co-beneldopa or co-careldopa or other dopaminergics (for capable and motivated patients) (under expert supervision)
What can high doses of Pyridoxine (B6) lead to?
High doses of pyridoxine (vitamin B6) can lead to peripheral neuropathy, a condition characterized by nerve damage, particularly in the hands and feet, causing numbness, tingling, and pain
seems silly as its ovften given with Isoniazid to prevent neuropathy.
Patients which antiphospholipid syndrome should be on what anticoagulation?
Warfarin over DOACS
If someone is under 18 and had a tonsilectomy what medication must be avoided?
Codiene
What does Dapsone Treat
Leprosy?
How do antimuscarinics affect the heart rate
Antimuscarinics (anticholinergics) increase heart rate by blocking parasympathetic (vagal) activity on the heart.
What treatment can be supplied via PGD for chlamydia in a community pharmacy
Azithromycin 250mg x 4 tabs as a single dose
What type of laxative is glycerol?
Glycerol, in the form of suppositories, acts as a stimulant laxative and a stool softener
Whats a key SE of galantamine?
Steven johnsons syndrome
Which antipsychotics have the highest risk of postural hypotension
ARQC
Aripiprazole
risperidone
quetiapine
Clozapine
Signs of phenytoin toxicity
SNAC HD
slurred speach
nystagmus
ataxia
confusion
hyperglycaemia
double vision
Carbamazepine toxicity
handbag
Hyponatraemia
Ataxia
Nystagmus
Double vision
Blurred vision
Arrythmia
GI disturbance
What is the MHRA alert with ergot derived dopamine agonists?
Risk of fibrosis (scar tissue) around heart especially
monitor:Blood test, ECG, Chest x ray
Which antibiotics are safest in pregnancy?
PECC
Penicillin
Erythro
Clindamycin
Cephalosporins
When should you restart a statin after having clindamycin?
24 hours
When a breastfeeding mother is taking corticosteroids, how long after a dose can they breastfeed
4 hours
What are the side effects of Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors?
Diarrnoca
Urinary incontinence
Muscie weauness
B racycardia
Bronchospasms
E mesis
Lacrimation
S alivation
Increased acetycholine → increased parasympathetic side effects
How would you manage a surgery when a patient takes warfarin?
Minor procedure low risu bleea
Performed less than INR 2.S.
Restart 24 hours atter surgery.
Major procedure (high risk)
Stop warfarin 3- 5 days berore
Bridge to LMWH if nign risu of Clot → Sop 24 hours before + Start 48 hours after.
What anplatelet showd De given when pregnant patient has hign- risk of pre-eclampsia?
Aspirin 75mg unht from week
12 of pregnancy until birth.
