Medoc - Bordeaux Flashcards
(129 cards)
1
Q
Who are some of the Medoc’s top competition around the world?
A
Napa Valley, Tuscany, Stellenbosch, Margaret River, Coonawarra, Maipo
2
Q
What is the name for the type of gravel in the Medoc, Graves, and Pomerol?
A
Gunzian gravel - Pleistocene ice age (Quarternary period where sediment from the Pyrenees during their formation & Massif Central was carried down the Garonne)
3
Q
What type of vine training is most common in the Medoc?
A
Double Guyot - trained lower to absorb heat radiation from gravel (Single in Libourne, Cordon in Sauternes to produce smaller berries to attract noble rot)
4
Q
Name the dry white wine labels for
a) Ch. Margaux
b) Ch. Mouton Rothschild
c) Ch. d’Yquem
d) Ch. Rieussec
A
a) Pavillon blanc
b) l’Aile d’argent
c) Y
d) R
5
Q
What differentiates Bordeaux Supérieur from normal Bordeaux AOC
A
Lower max. yields,
higher potential alcohol,
minimum aging requirements (blanc 6 months, rouge 9 months) vs none for regular
6
Q
What 1st Growth departed the En Primeur System in 2012?
A
Chateau Latour
7
Q
What is Live-Ex?
A
Biennial, modern classification of Bordeaux wines reflecting the current economic context -
first compiled by the London International Vintners Exchange in 2009
- ONLY left bank wines - La Mission is in the first tier; Lynch Bages, Palmer, and Pontet Canet are in the second tier
8
Q
Classed Growth Chateaux owned by Suntory Group?
A
LaGrange and Beychevelle
9
Q
Which Commune in the Medoc has the highest percentage of classed growth vineyard land?
A
Saint-Julien - 85%
10
Q
Name a classed Growth in the Medoc certified in Biodynamics
A
Pontet-Canet since 2008 OR 2010?
11
Q
What are the terms for 1) drainage canal 2) gravel mounds
A
jalles, croupes
12
Q
What are the 2nd wines of the 5 First Growths?
A
Les Carruades, Les Forts, Le Petit Mouton, Pavillon, Clarence (Bahans) - white is called la Clarte
13
Q
What are the Second Growths of St. Julien?
A
Leoville las cases, Leoville Poyferre, Leoville Barton, Gruaud Larose, Ducru Beaucaillou
14
Q
Who invented the “bouillie bordelaise” in 1885?
A
Ducru Beaucaillou
15
Q
What are the Second Growths of Margaux?
A
Rauzan Segla, Rauzan Gassies, Durfort-Vivens, Lascombes, Brane-Cantenac
16
Q
What are the classified growths of the Haut Medoc outside of the 4 main communes?
A
La Lagune 3e (Ludon), La Tour Carnet 4e (St. Laurent), Belgrave 5e (St. Laurent), Camensac 5e (St. Laurent), Cantemerle 5e (Macau)
17
Q
What are the communes of Pauillac?
A
Pauillac,
Saint-Saveur,
Saint-Estephe,
Saint-Julien Beychevelle
18
Q
What are the communes of Saint-Julien?
A
Saint-Julien-Beychevelle,
Cussac-Fort-Medoc,
Saint-Laurent-Medoc
19
Q
What are the 5 communes of Margaux?
A
Cantenac, Labarde, Arsac, Margaux, Soussans
20
Q
3 great LB vintages in the 2010’s
A
2010, 2015, 2016, (2017), 18, 19
21
Q
3 great LB vintages in the 2000’s
A
2000,
2005,
(2008),
2009
22
Q
3 great LB vintages in the 90’s
A
90,
95,
(96)
23
Q
3 great LB vintages in the 80’s
A
82,
86,
(88),
89
24
Q
3 great LB vintages in the 70’s
A
70, 78
25
Any great old vintages still drinking well?
61, 59
26
Vintages to avoid?
```
1977,
1980,
1984,
1991,
1992,
1999,
2002,
2003 (super hot),
2007,
2011,
2013
```
27
How many members are there currently of Cru Artisan?
36 - land stewardship and exemplary winemaking,
average 6 hectares,
small-scale,
revised every 5 years (official since 2005 with 44 producers originally)
28
What is the difference between coulure (shatter) and millerendage (hens and chicks)?
coulure happens when flowers remain closed and do not pollinate (frost, or wind/rain),
millerandage is when some berries do not mature fully due to wind or rain disrupting pollination (small, sweet, seedless berries)
29
```
How many Cru Bourgeois Exceptionnel were there in 2003?
Where are the majority located?
How many Exceptionnel are there now?
Superieur?
Total Cru Bourgeois?
```
```
9 -
Chasse Spleen,
Haut Marbuzet,
Labegorce Zede,
Ormes de Pez,
de Pez,
Phelan Segur,
Potensac,
Poujeaux,
Siran;
```
Saint Estephe, some in Moulis and Margaux;
14 Exceptionnel now;
56 Superieur;
249 total Cru Bourgeois
30
What happened to the original 2003 Exceptionnels?
```
six of them formed a marketing group “les exceptionnels” Chasse-Spleen,
Ormes de Pez,
Poujeaux,
de Pez,
Potensac,
Siran
```
31
Name all of the current Cru Bourgeois Exceptionnels (14) 2020 Revision
MARGAUX:
Paveil de Luze,
d’Arsac;
SAINT-ESTEPHE:
Le Bosq,
Lillian Ladouys,
Le Crock;
LISTRAC:
Lestage,
```
HAUT-MEDOC:
d’Agassac,
Arnauld,
Belle-Vue,
Cambon La Pelouse,
Charmail,
Malescasse,
Malleret, du
Taillan
```
32
Only Cru Bourgeois in the Bas Medoc to have been ranked Exceptionnel?
Potensac
33
Is the minimum planting density higher on the LB or RB?
LB - 7,000 vines/ha in the communes,
6,500 in haut medoc,
5,000 in medoc
RB - 5,500 vines/ha in SE and POM
34
What are some methods of dealing with excess water during the growing season?
Must concentration techniques - vacuum distillation, reverse osmosis, saignage
35
What separates Bordeaux Supérieur from straight Bordeaux?
higher abv (12 vs. 10% blanc; 11 vs. 10.5% rouge);
lower max yields (67/60 vs 49/59 hl/ha);
higher density 4,500 vs 4,000
36
Name the respective Chateaux for each Second Wine… Clos du Marquis
Las Cases
37
Moulin Riche
Leoville Poyferre
38
Chevalier de ____
Lascombes
39
Segond de ____ Vivenne,
Durfort Vivens
40
Baron de ____
Brane Cantenac
41
Les Tourelles de ____ and Les Griffons ____
Pichon Baron
42
La Reserve de ____
Pichon Comtesse, Leoville Barton
43
La Croix de ____
Beaucaillou
44
Les Charmes de ____
Kirwan
45
Blason de ____
Issan
46
Sarget ____ or La Rose ____
Gruaud
47
Le Marquis de ____
Calon Segur
48
Lacoste Borie
Grand Puy Lacoste
49
Echo de ____
Lynch-Bages
50
La Sirene de ____
Giscours
51
La Dame de ____
Montrose, Malescot
52
Alter Ego
Palmer
53
Marquis de Segur
Calon Segur
54
Cometable de ____
Talbot (Caillou de Talbot for blanc)
55
Ch. Clairfont
Prieure Lichine
56
Ch. La Tour l’Aspic
Haut Batailley
57
Les Hauts de ____
Pontet Canet
58
Pagodes
Cos d’Estournel
59
Prelude
Grand Puy Lacoste
60
La Chapelle de ____
La Mission Haut Brion;
| Haut-Bages-Liberal
61
Name one estate from Moulis?
Ch. Poujeaux,
Ch. Chasse Spleen,
Ch. Branas, Ch.
Clarke
62
Name one estate from Listrac?
Fourcas Borie,
Fourcas Dupre,
Fourcas Hosten,
Lestage
63
Average elevage for classed growth Bordeaux Blanc?
12-15 months
64
Average elevage for classed growth Bordeaux Rouge?
18-24 months
65
What are the 2 Second growths of Saint Estephe?
Cos d’Estournel and Montrose
66
Name a Cru Bourgeois Exceptionnel of Saint-Estephe
```
Ch. Le Crock,
Le Bosq,
Lillian Ladouys Les Ormes de Pez,
Phelan Segur,
Ch. Haut Marbuzet
```
67
Name (11) Fifth Growths of Pauillac
```
Lynch-Bages,
Grand Puy Lacoste,
Grand Puy Ducasse,
Armailhac,
Clerc Milon,
Batailley,
Haut Batailley,
Pedesclaux,
Haut Bages Liberal,
Lynch Moussas,
Croizet Bages
```
68
What are the (5) Second Growths of St. Julien?
```
Leoville Las Cases,
Poyferre,
Barton,
Gruaud Larose,
Ducru Beaucaillou
```
69
What are the (4) Fourth Growths of St. Julien?
Talbot,
St. Pierre,
Branaire Ducru,
Beychevelle
70
What are the (5) Second Growths of Margaux?
```
Brane Cantenac,
Rauzan Segla,
Rauzan Gassies,
Durfort Vivens,
Lascombes
```
71
Name Third Growths of Margaux (10)
```
Palmer,
d’Issan,
Kirwan,
Giscours,
Cantenac Brown,
Boyd Cantenac,
Malescot,
Marquis d’Alesme,
Desmirail,
Ferriere
```
72
What is En Primeur?
Tasting of the previous year’s wine (barrel samples or sample blends) in April - wines are sold in advance of their release date - started as a way to bring cashflow to wineries and lower market prices
73
Name one classified property in the Medoc still under ownership of the original family
Mouton Rothschild,
Leoville Barton,
Langoa Barton
74
When did Estate Bottling become common in Bordeaux?
Not until the late 1960s - before that point it was the negociants who bought barrels at la Place and bottled the wine
75
T or F Bordeaux Supérieur blanc is a sweet wine
T - medium sweet
76
When did phylloxera arrive to Bordeaux?
1869
77
T or F in the 1855 classification, only the 5 first growths were called “chateaux”
True!
78
When did Oidium first appear in Bordeaux?
1859 - on the Garonne (sweet wine vineyards)
79
What’s the reason for malbec and carmenere disappearing from Bordeaux vineyards?
Less successful at grafting onto rootstock
80
When was the Bordeaux mixture developed?
1888 - copper sulfate-lime
81
In what 1900s year did frost decimate the vineyards of Bordeaux?
1956
82
Why are there less family owned wineries in Bordeaux than Burgundy?
crippling inheritance taxes for the large estates - only option is to sell or to form a societe civile real-estate company
83
How long does elevage typically last for a Grand Vin?
18-24 months, wines usually bottled in April (assemblage either happens early before en primeur, or later before bottling)
84
Required min. elevage for all medoc wines?
after June 15th
85
Generalizations of second wines
They typically contain more merlot,
less new oak,
lots not up to par for grand vin or young vine parcels
86
Where are vineyards of Haut-Medoc-labelled wines located?
small area north of Saint-Estephe, West of the major communes, south of Margaux
87
What physical feature separates Pauillac and Saint Estephe
Jalle de Breuil - Saint Estephe is noticeably lower and more marshy
88
Pauillac growths north to south
Lafite,
Mouton (between plots of Lafite),
Lafite,
Latour (touching the two pichons to the west - a stone’s throw to Las Cases to the south in Saint Julien)
89
2 unclassified Ch. of Saint Julien
Ch. Borie,
| Ch. Gloria
90
2 producers in the Medoc
Ch. Potensac,
Ch. Cardon,
Ludenne
91
Cos or Montrose - who uses more Cab Sav?
Montrose - is on a gravel croupe,
| closer to the Gironde than Cos
92
What Medoc commune is the first to ripen ?
Margaux - thinnest gravel soils with bands of clay underneath- 1 -2 weeks early
93
Medoc garagiste producer
(not chateau) Marojallia - grower in Margaux (former vines of Durfort Vivens) Roger Rex - only 4 ha - consultants were Rolland, Ricardo Cotarella, and Jean-Luc Thunevin’s wife Muriel Andraud
94
Can white Bordeaux carry the Appellation Medoc?
No!
95
Out performer Chateaux in Saint-Seurin de Cadourne
```
Sociando Mallet,
Charmail,
Couffran,
Verdignan,
Soudars,
Senilhac
```
96
Out performer Cru Bourgeois Chateaux in Margaux
Angludet,
Siran,
Labergorce-Zede
97
Name a moated chateau in the Medoc?
Issan,
Agassac,
Lamarque
98
What is the debate between Cussac and Saint Julien growers?
Cussac growers want the right to label their wines Saint Julien as certain estates (Beychevelle, Branaire Ducru, Ducru Beaucaillou) have parcels in Cussac;
Pierre-Gilles d’Evry of Chateau Lamarque notes that the jalle at Beychevelle is crossed by a bridge called the “Pont des Miracles” where Cussac wine is magically transformed into St. Julien as it travels north
99
What are some advantages of vineyards located on the estuary?
protective of frost (Latour 1991 was still good) - better gravels
100
Inaugural Vintage of Ygrec
1959
101
How many 5th Growths are there in Saint Julien
0, no first or fifths in saint julien
102
What is the man-made forest protecting the western border of the Medoc?
Landes
103
Parentage of Malbec
Madeleine noire x prunelard
104
Another offspring of Madeleine noire
Merlot
105
How is Peronosopera treated?
Copper Sulfate - Bdx mixture
106
T or F Rose mousseux is permitted for Cremant de Bordeaux
True!
107
Moderating ocean current
Atlantic Gulf Stream
108
Only Subzone AOP for Bordeaux
Bordeaux Haut Benoge - sec, demi-sec, liquoreux
109
Terrible hail vintage of the 2010s
2017
110
When did Estate Bottling become compulsory in the Medoc?
1972
111
Most southerly classed growth in the Medoc?
La Lagune - Frey Family
112
Most northerly classed growth in the Medoc?
Calon Segur
113
3rd label for Ch. Latour
Pauillac de Latour
114
Pavillon blanc
Ch. Margaux - 100% SB
115
Name of the vineyard for Latour Grand Vin
L’enclos
116
Year l’enclos converted to organic
2015
117
Properties in Margaux
```
Cantenac-Brown,
Issan,
Kirwan,
Giscours,
Durfort Vivens (Biodynamic),
(Baron de - 2nd wine) Brane-Cantenac
```
118
Pontet-Canet - which commune and where?
Pauillac - 5th growth
119
Beychevelle
Saint Julien - 4th
120
Pedesclaux
Pauillac - 5th growth - (2nd wine is Fleur)
121
Haut-Batailley
Pauillac - 5th growth
122
Talbot
Saint Julien - 4th
123
Pichon Longueville Baron
Pauillac - 2nd growth
124
How to differentiate the style of the Leovilles
Las Cases - most structure,
Poyferre - modern (Rolland),
125
Boyd-Cantenac
Margaux - 3rd Growth
126
Gruaud Larose
Saint Julien - 2nd
127
What are the Super Seconds whose prices jumped in 1995 to put them between the 1st growths and the rest of the seconds?
```
Leoville Las Cases,
La Mission,
Pichon Lalande,
Ducru Beaucaillou,
Palmer,
Cos d’Estournel,
Montrose,
Lynch Bages,
(recently Pichon Baron)
```
128
Why is price a distorted form of classification?
Price can be impacted by history of past reputation and effectiveness of current marketing
129
Vine spacing in the
1) Medoc
2) Libourne
1) 7,000 vines / ha = 1 x 1 meter spacing (double guyot)
| 2) 5,500 vines / ha = 1.3 x 1.5 meter spacing
single guyot
