Spain Flashcards
(239 cards)
1
Q
How does Raventos i Blanc label their Cavas?
A
Conca del Riu Anoia (Raventos left the Cava DO in 2012 - Anoia River Valley is specific soil type, fossilized marine sediment, proposed 18 month minimum en tirage - still unofficial)
2
Q
What is another name for xarello and where is it called by that name?
A
Pansa Blanca - Alella
3
Q
Where is the Raimat sub zone located?
A
Costers del Segre
4
Q
What are the recommended grapes of Priorat? Vi de Vila wines must contain what percent of recommended grapes? What does Vi de Guarda signify?
A
Garnaxta and Samso (Carinyena); 60% or 50% if only one is present; aged minimum 1 year in oak
5
Q
What is the aging required for Vi de Guarda in Priorat DOQ?
A
12 months
6
Q
What does Velles Vinyes signify in Priorat DOQ?
A
vines planted prior to 1945
7
Q
CDP min. abv; Priorat min. abv
A
12% (highest in France); 13.5%
8
Q
Vino de Pueblo classification exists in what DO?
A
village wine - Priorat (2009), Bierzo and Rioja (2017), Rueda (2019)
9
Q
Priorat Classifications :
Vi de Finca (Catalonia-wide)
Vi de Paratge
Vi de Vinya
Vi de Gran Vinya (Consell Regulador 2019)
A
Single vineyard
Single parcel
Single zone (lieux dits)
1er Cru
Grand Cru
10
Q
What is ‘Vimblanc’ ?
A
A sweet, late harvest wine made in Tarragona DO
11
Q
Trepat’ is considered a specialty for which DOs cava, rosados, and light, spicy reds?
A
Conca de Barbera
12
Q
What are the sub zones of Costers del Segre? Which is the most famous?
A
Urgell
Garrigues
Pallars Jussa
Artesa de Segre
Segria
Vall del Riucorb
and Raimat - Raimat was purchased by Manuel Raventos of Codorniu in 1914 - helped to launch the viticultural technology revolution for the region (had to revitalize the land)
13
Q
What DO is known for its ‘saulo’ soils?
A
Alella - sandy granite, some schist in the Valles area - good for Xarello (Pansa Blanca)
14
Q
Pla de Bages DO is best known for what type of wines?
A
Whites from macabeo and picapoll blanca (distinct from picpoul)
15
Q
What defines the Emporda DO?
A
Similar VDN wine styles to Roussillon - overlaps with Collioure AOC and Banyuls AOC and reds from Carinyena, affected by the Tramontana - fierce, cold wind blowing from the Massif Central
16
Q
What is the major production center of Cava?
A
San Sadurni d’Anoia (75%) in Catalonia (95% all cava production)
17
Q
What do each of the main cava grapes contribute to the blend?
A
Macabeo - fruit, breadth, structure
Xarello - earth, mid-palate, longevity
Parellada - soft (less acid), floral, finesse
18
Q
Why does macabeo make up the majority of cava blends?
A
It buds late - less susceptible to frost
19
Q
What grape contributes more of the traditional earthy aromas of Cava?
A
Xarello
20
Q
Trepat may only be used for rose cava T or F?
A
TRUE
21
Q
Max. press yield for Cava
vs. Champagne
vs. Fino Sherry
A
100 L / 150 kg vs.
102 L / 160 kg vs.
70 L / 100 kg (Champagne strictest)
22
Q
Where does “Classic Penedes” fall in classification?
A
A subclass of Penedes DO
23
Q
What grapes are allowed in Classic Penedes?
A
Macabeu, Xarel·lo, Parellada, Subirat Parent (Malvasia), Moscatell d’Alexandria, Moscatell de Gra Petit, Malvasia de Sitges, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Riesling, Gewürztraminer, Chenin Blanc, Garnacha, Carignan, Sumoll, Pinot Noir
24
Q
‘Classic Penedes’ wines must be ‘Reserva’ at minimum
A
True - min. 15 months on the lees but up to 15 years!
25
Which Cava must be organic?
Classic Penedes and Corpinnat
26
Producers of Classic Penedes
Colet, AT Roca, Albet i Noya
27
Minimum bottle aging for Cave de Paraje Calificado?
Examples?
36 months - hand harvested, single vyd, 10 yrs old
Juve y Camps - Capella
Codorniu - El Tros Nou, La Pleta, La Fiduera
Freixenet - Can Sala
Alta Alella - Vallcirera
Pere Ventura - Can Bas
Vins El Cep - Can Prats
28
What does Corpinnat mean?
“Heart of Penedes”
29
What is Corpinnat?
Growers association founded in 2019
```
Members:
Llopart,
Gramona,
Recaredo,
Mas Candia
```
30
Minimum bottle aging for Corpinnat?
18 months - mandatory hand harvest and organic and vintage dated
31
Which unofficial sub zone of Penedes is best for Cava grapes?
Mitja Penedes - 250 - 500 m altitude
baix (maritim) best for garnacha, monastrell, carinyena
superior best for cool-climate grapes 500 - 800 m chardonnay, cf, riesling, pn
32
2020 changes to Cava production law
Reserva min. 18 months in barrel; max yield 10 tons/ha; vintage or multi-vintage dated bottles; Cava de Guarda Superior (Reserva, GR, de Paraje Calificado) must be organically farmed from vines of at least 10 years
New regulations for Cava D.O. went public and official in late June 2021. Because these changes will slowly filter into the market and you'll see a mix of new and old labeling, they are listed separately from the prior standards.
What's New:
○Normal Cava is rebranded as Cava de Guarda
○Reserva, Gran Reserva, and Cava de Paraje Calificado now form a group branded as Cava de Guarda Superior (See Notes).
○Reserva now requires 18 months on the lees.
○Elaborador Integral is a stamp to signify a grower-producer from 100% of their own estate.
○Producers may now append 4 geographic subzones: Valle del Ebro (Rioja), Comtats de Barcelona (Catalonia), Vinedos de Almendralejo (Ribera del Guadiana), and the yet to be officially named region in Valencia in the existing Utiel-Requena DO.
```
○Cava de Guarda Superior:
Vineyards must be a minimum 10 years old
Max yield of 10,000 kilos/ha
Must be vintage-dated
100% organically farmed
```
33
Origin of Cava
1870s Josep Raventos after he visited France, married into Codorniu family - the name “Cava” was chosen in 1970 after Champana was disallowed
34
Define ‘en vaso,’ ‘en espaldera,’ and ‘parrales’
gobelet, bush trained; guyot, cordon wire trellised, pergola
35
What is the minimum amount of tempranillo required in vinos tintos from
a) Rioja
b) Ribera del Duero
c) Toro
d) Arlanza ?
0%
75%
75%
75%
36
Spain is the largest exporter of rose wine T or F
True! and second behind France in global production (25%)
37
What are the 2 overarching interregional DOs within Spain?
Catalunya DO (does not permit sparkling) and Islas Canarias DO
38
Cava may be produced in which 7 autonomias?
Catalonia
Valencia (monastrell)
Pais Vasco
Aragon
La Rioja
Navarra
Extramadura
39
Txakoli translates to?
“farm wine”
40
Best producers of Txakoli concentrated in which DO?
Bizkaiko
41
Traditional Txakoli DO?
Getariako
42
Newest, smallest, inland DO for Txakoli?
Arabako (Alava)
43
What are the sub zones of Navarra? Which of these contain DO Pagos?
Valdizarbe* (Otazu),
Baja Montana,
Tierra Estella* (Senorio di Arinzano, Prado Irache),
Ribera Alta,
Ribera Baja
44
In which autonomia is Pamplona and the running of the bulls?
Navarra - lasts for 9 days in July
45
Navarra rosado is not permitted to be made by direct pressing T or F?
True! only saignee method allowed - considered better quality, darker hue
46
Navarra crianza aging requirement? (other terms same as general Spain)
2 years, 9 months in oak (3 months longer in barrel)
47
Where in Navarra are the oldest garnacha vines located?
Baja Montana
48
What are the aging requirements for Rioja red wines vs. Spanish red wines in general?
(All Spain oak aging in increments of 6 months)
Rioja - crianza - 2yr, 1 barrel,
reserva - 3yr, 1 barrel, 6mo bottle,
gran reserva - 5yr, 2yr barrel, 2yr bottle;
All Spain - crianza 2yr, 6mo barrel,
reserva - 3yr, 1yr barrel,
gran reserva - 5yr, 18mo barrel
49
Spain’s first DOCa?
Rioja 1991
50
What was the purpose of the ‘mallas’ wire cage on Rioja bottles?
countermeasure to fraud in the early 1900s
51
What are the rules for Vinedos Singulares in Rioja?
Vines are 35 + years old, vineyard must pass soil assessment, vineyard must have a 10-year history, grapes must be hand-harvested, yields must be 20 hl/ha less than the regional maximum (45 hl/ha for whites; 32.5 for reds), consejo can assume control of vineyard to ensure no manipulation
52
Where was the first Consejo Regulador established?
Rioja 1925
53
Where are the Yerga mountains located?
Rioja Oriental
54
Where is the tradition of carbonic maceration most practiced for tempranillo?
Rioja Alavesa
55
Which mountain range shields the vineyards of Rioja from the Atlantic?
Sierra Cantabria
56
Rioja vintages are divided into what types of years?
Atlantic or Mediterranean
57
What are the grapes allowed for Rioja?
garnacha, mazeulo (carignan), graciano, maturana tinta (trousseau)
58
White Rioja is typically a blend of what two grapes?
Viura and Malvasia (CH, SB, Verdejo principles w/ Maturana Blanca, Tempranillo Blanca, Turruntes de Rioja)
59
Aging for Rioja Espumoso (crianza)
15 months
60
Espumoso Calidad Reserva
24 months
61
Espumoso Gran Anada aging req.
36 months
62
Cava can also be produced in villages in Rioja T or F?
True - certain villages are authorized
63
Where are the traditional bodegas of Rioja located?
Haro - Barrio de la Estacion (Lopez de Heredia, La Rioja Alta, CVNE)
64
What is required for Vino de Vila (Municipio) Rioja DOCa?
Production facilities must also be located in area to list the village of the vineyard on the label (15% allowance from the neighboring municipality after 10 years)
65
Vinyedos Singulares requirements for Rioja DOCa?
vines are 35+ years old, stricter yields (30% lower - whites 45 hl/ha; reds 32 hl/ha), consejo regulador tasting panel
66
Traditional vs. Modern in Rioja DOCa?
varietal and regional blending (with dominance of tempranillo from rioja alta), open top fermentation, 225 L american oak casks, adherence to aging classification system (crianza, reserva, gran reserva) VS. monovarietal and tempranillo wines, single subregion/zone/vineyard, cold-soaking, temperature controlled, stainless steel ferments, shorter elevage in European oak
67
Who makes ‘Cirsion’?
Bodegas Roda - Rioja
68
Who makes ‘Ygay’?
Marques de Murrieta - Rioja
69
Who makes ‘GR 890’ ‘GR 904’?
La Rioja Alta - GR 890 (1890 - founding) spends 6 years in oak; 904 spends 4 years and has more Graciano (1904 - merger with Vina Ardanza)
70
Who makes Garnacha Quinon de Valmira?
Alvaro Palacios - pure garnacha from Rioja Oriental
71
T or F Vinyedos Singulares must come from a single vineyard?
FALSE - winery must have ownership or effective control of all vineyards through contracts - but stated vineyard must have 100% fruit from that vineyard (?)
72
What are the two westernmost DOs on the Duero River?
Tierra del Vino de Zamora & Arribes (Portuguese border)
73
What is Gran Vino de Rueda
vines are 30+ years old, stricter yields
74
Bierzo quality pyramid (5 levels)
Vino de la Region,
Vino de Villa,
Vino de Paraje (lieu dit),
Vino de Vina Classificada (1er Cru), Gran Vino de Vina Classificada (Grand Cru)
75
Unofficial subzones of Bierzo (2)
Bajo Bierzo - alluvial; Alto Bierzo - quartz and slate, higher quality
76
Rueda Dorado
Fortified Palomino & Verdejo, sometimes flor-affected rancio wine aged in solera or demijohns
77
Rueda soil type
Limestone plateau with lots of gravel
78
Rueda Palido
Fortified Palomino & Verdejo, biological aging for a min. 3 years
79
Rueda grapes
No requirement for varietal wines, must contain 50% verdejo or SB (both principal varieties) may be blended with palomino, viura, chardonnay, or viognier
80
Rueda Espumoso Gran Anada
min. 36 months on the lees
81
What is the only white grape permitted for Ribera del Duero DO?
Albillo Mayor (min. 75%) (white wines allowed since 2019) - Dominio del Aguila producer
82
Cigales DO soil type? What are ‘luceras’?
galets roules like CDP, tall air vents that light the underground cellars in the region
83
What is the dominant grape of Tierra de Leon DO (70% plantings)
Prieto Picudo
84
What is the name of Vega Sicilia’s project in Toro DO?
Pintia
85
White wine from Toro is made from what grape?
verdejo
86
What are the major grapes of Arribes DO? (Borders the Douro)
Brunal (berryish) and Juan Garcia (herbal, aromatic); others - tempranillo, rufete, garnacha, mencia,
87
Arribes DO is located where?
East of the Douro Superior
88
Who makes ‘Perez Pascuas’?
Bodegas Hermanos - Ribera del Duero
89
Who makes ‘Corullon’?
Descendientes de J Palacios - Bierzo
90
Quality producer from Arlanza?
Olivier Riviere - Tinta del Pais, Albillo/Viura
91
What are the communes of Ribera del Duero?
Valladolid, Burgos, Segovia, Soria
92
Valladolid estates
Vega, Pesquera, Pingus
93
Burgos estates
Vina Sastre, Aalto
94
Pingus history
Inaugrual vintage 1995. The average vine age is 65 years, main parcel vines planted in 1929. Yields are less than 1 ton/acre. Soils are gravel and sand over chalk and clay.. Aged in barriques of varying newness.
95
When did Rias Baixas become a DO?
1980 name was changed in 1988 - originally was called “Albarino”
96
DO’s of Galicia from West to East:
Rias Baixas, Ribeiro, Ribeira Sacra, Monterrei (South), Valdeorras
97
Albarino is combined with what grape in the Rias Baixas subzone of a) O Rosal? b) Condado do Tea?
Loureiro, Treixadura
98
What is vina tostada and where is it produced?
Dried grape wine (dried to 350 g/L must weight), Ribeiro, grapes must be dried for 3 months, aged 6 months, released after 3 years
99
What is the soil type of Rias Baixas?
Decomposed granite called ‘xabre’
100
Which sub zone of Rias Baixas may not appear on labels?
Soutomaior
101
Red varieties of Rias Baixas
caino, espadeiro, souson, tempranillo, brancellao
102
Ribera Sacra sits at the nexus of which two major rivers of Galicia?
The Mino and the Sil
103
Subregions of Ribera Sacra?
Amandi, Chantada, Quiroga-Bibei, Riberas do Sil, Riberas do Mino
104
Best quality and most historic subregion of Ribera Sacra?
Amandi
105
Major white grape of Ribeiro? Red grape?
Treixadura, Caino
106
What is the name of a 100-year old Mencia vineyard in Ribera Sacra?
Finca Pombeiras (Guimaro)
107
Great vintners in Ribera Sacra?
Laura Lorenzo, Dominio Bibei Lalama, Envinate, Castro Candaz, Guimaro
108
What does ‘Summum’ mean on a bottle of Ribera Sacra?
85% principal grapes (60% mencia) for reds Merenzao, Brancellao, Sousón, Caiño Tinto, 100% principal grapes for whites Albariño, Godello, Treixadura, Loureira, Torrontés, Dona Branca , no aging, abv, or ripeness requirements
109
What does "Castes Noble" mean for Valdeorras?
85% preferred grapes (Godello, Loureira, Treixadura, Dona Branca, Albariño, Torrontés, Lado) Rojo: (Mencía, Tempranillo, Merenzao, Brancellao, Sousón, Caiño Tinto, Espadeiro, Ferrón)
110
Major red grapes of Ribera Sacra
Mencia, Merenzao, Souson, Brancellao, Caino
111
Major white grapes of Ribera Sacra
Albarino, Loureiro, Treixadura, Godello, Dona Branca, Torrontes
112
Main white grape of Monterrei
Dona Blanca - Quinta da Muradella
113
Monterrei is on what river?
Tamega
114
What are the 4 DOs of Aragon?
Campo de Borja, Calatayud, Carinena, Somontano
115
What are the requirements for ‘Calatayud Superior’?
50 year-old vines, 85% garnacha
116
How old must vines be to be labelled Calatayud DO ‘Vinas Viejas’?
35 years old
117
Where is Alto Moncayo located?
Campo de Borja DO - ‘Aquilon’ top cuvee
118
Local outlier grapes of Somontano DO
Alcanon (white), Paralleta and Moristel (reds)
119
Which DO does not permit wines to be made from vines less than 6 years old? In which Autonomia is it located?
Ucles, Castilla-la-Mancha
120
What are the DOs of Castilla-La Mancha (8)?
La Mancha, Mentrida, Mondejar, Ucles, Ribera del Jucar, Manchuela, Almansa, Valdepenas
121
DOs north of La Mancha
Mentrida, Vinos de Madrid, Mondejar, Ucles
122
DOs east of La Mancha
Ribera del Jucar, Manchuela, Utiel Requena, Almansa
123
DOs south of La Mancha
Valdepenas
124
What is the largest industry in Castilla-La Mancha DO?
Sheep farming (manchego)
125
What is ‘marco real’?
Vine spacing of 2.5 meters to reduce competition for water - used in La Mancha DO - head trained vines
126
What is the most commonly grown grape in La Mancha DO?
cencibel - tempranillo (bobal also common)
127
Which La Mancha DO abuts Utiel-Requena DO and features high plantings of bobal?
Manchuela DO - also whites made from macabeo
128
Along with Manchuela DO, which other DO is the middle ground between the Levant and the Meseta Central?
Almansa DO - limestone hills mostly planted with monastrell
129
Which DO, along with Vinos de Madrid DO, can produce quality garnacha near the Gredos mountains?
Mentrida DO
130
Where is Dominio de Valdepusa (Marques de Grignon) located?
Mentrida DO
131
Which DOs to the east of Madrid and north of La Mancha are dominated by tempranillo?
Mondejar DO and Ucles DO
132
Ribera del Jucar main grapes
blanco - moscatel, SB; rojo - cencibel, bobal
133
Extramadura is famous for what agricultural product?
jamon serrano - black-legged pigs - pata negra
134
What are the sub zones of Ribera del Guadiana DO?
Tierra de Barros (most important), Ribera Alta, Ribera Baja, Canamero, Montanchez, Matanegra
135
What are VOS and VORS sherry?
Very Old (Vinus Optimum Signatum) lot of drawn wine that spends an average of 20 yrs in solera; Very Old Rare (Vinus Optimum Rare Signatum) lot of drawn wine that spent an average of 30 yrs in solera
136
What is the term for a lot of drawn wine from a solera which is then bottled?
“saca”
137
What is the largest, most important Pago in Jerez?
Macharnudo (Valdespino Tio Diego amontillado, Innocente Fino)
138
Where are you most likely to find “viejo” style wines in Spain?
Condado de Huelva in Andalucia northwest of San Lucar de Barrameda, generoso wines aged minimum 3 years in solera with marked oxidative character
139
What is the style of Condado de Huelva?
Sherry style - Candado Palido = Fino, Condado Viejo = Oloroso
140
What is the major grape of Condado de Huelva?
Zalema
141
Which bodega owns the most land in Jerez?
Valdespino
142
What is the general difference between amontillado and palo cortado?
amontillado spends more than 2 years under flor, palo cortado less than 2 years (redirected to oxidative aging in sobretablas)
143
What is the most used grape for generoso wines from Condado de Huelva DO?
zalema
144
Dry wines from Sierras de Malaga DO come from what part of the region?
High elevation sites with continental climes 750+ m altitude, “dry” wines are less than 12 g/L RS
145
What is the name for muscatel grano menudo in Malaga?
moscatel morisco
146
What is the only native red grape of Malaga?
Romé
147
vinas de uvas pasificadas dulce
sweet wines from dried grapes (unfortified)
148
vino de licor
fortified
149
vino maestro
mistela
150
vino tierno
sun-dried and fortified
151
vino naturalmente dulce
unfortified PX or muscatel
152
vino de uvas sobremaduras
late harvest (passerillage sur souche)
153
vino dulce natural
fortified
154
vino naturelemente dulce
unfortified - overripe
155
Dry table wines can be produced in Malaga DO T or F?
True! from 70% PX, moscatel (grano menudo or alejandria)
156
What are the age designations for Malaga Vinos de Licor?
Palido (6 mo), Malaga, (6mo-24mo), Noble (2-3 yr), Anejo (3-5 yr), Transanejo (5+ yr)
157
Name 2 important producers of Manzanilla sherry
Barbadillo, la Cigarrera, Hidalgo (la Gitana), La Guita
158
What is the equivalent of amontillado in Sanlucar de Barrameda?
Manzanilla Pasada
159
What is the largest Pago of the Jerez Superior?
Macharnudo (Valdespino Tio Diego amontillado, Innocente Fino)
160
What is Dulce Pasa?
sunned palomino mistela
161
What is Dulce de Almibar
invert sugar and fino (rarely used)
162
What are Vinos de Color (sancocho or arrope) ?
boiled, reduced syrup and must that are used to adjust color and sweetness (sancocho - 1/3; arrope 1/5)
163
Cream sherry is a blend of what style of sherry?
Oloroso
164
Pale Cream?
Fino
165
Medium? (Golden, Milk, Brown)
Amontillado
166
Sherry is fortified with _____ e ______
Mitad y Mitad - palomino must and aguardiente
167
For every liter drawn from a solera, ___ must remain
two (formerly three)
168
How does the presence of flor affect a wine?
Flor metabolizes glycerin, alcohol, and volatile acids - builds up acetaldehydes
169
What is the traditional fermentation and aging vessel for sherry?
American Oak butts - 600-650L
170
2 provinces of Andalucia
Cadiz and Sevilla
171
What helps the growth of flor?
60-70F, absence of fermentable sugars, humidity (poniente), fortification to 15.5%
172
Jerez Superior is located where?
Sanlucar and Guadalete
173
Who makes ‘Sacristia AB’?
Barbadillo - Aged Manzanilla Sherry
174
What are the sub zones of Vinos de Madrid DO?
Agranda, Navalcarnero, San Martin de Valdiglesias (Gredos area), El Molar
175
Which sub zone has the most limestone plateaux and recommends tempranillo as opposed to garnacha?
Agranda
176
What is the ‘Albillos y Garnachas de Gredos’ ?
A growers association imposing stricter regulations than the Vinos De Madrid DO
177
Quality white wine grape from Madrid?
Malvar
178
What are the DOs of Valencia?
Valencia, Alicante (Fondillon), Utiel-Requena (Doble Pasta)
179
Valencia DO subzones (4)
Alto Turia, Clariano, Valentino, Moscatel de Valencia
180
Valencia DO major wine styles
blanco - merseguera, macabeo; moscatel de Alejandria mistela/VDN; tinto - garnacha tintorera, tempranillo, monastrell
181
What is ‘Fondillon?’
Oloroso-like wine from Alicante DO made from monastrell grapes that are harvested late - fermentation stops with between 20-50 g/L RS, aged for a minimum 10 years, can have strong rancio character; historic producer - Primitivo Quiles
182
What is the average age of bobal plantings in Utiel-Requena DO?
40 years
183
‘suertes’
vineyard plots on Tenerife
184
‘ceniza’
sandy mixture of ash and lava on Lanzarote (30 active volcanoes on Tenerife)
185
‘hoyos’ or 'in geria'
cone-shaped pits dug into the ash of Lanzarote so the vines can root into the subsoil - surrounded by stone cairns
186
‘zanjas’
linear trenches dug into the ash lined with stone mounds
187
vino de tea
rancio style aged in 500 liter pine casks produced on La Palma (Islas Canarias)
188
Canary blancos
listan blanco, marmajuelo (tropical), malvasia (di Lipari), malvasia volcanica (Lanzarote, Lipari x marmajuelo), forastera blanca (La Gomera), vilariego blanco
189
Canary tintos
listan negro, listan prieto (arrived from mainland Spain LATER than to the Americas), negramoll (fruity, herbal), tintilla (bastardo), baboso, vijariego (sumoll), castella
190
"trenzado"
braided cordons
191
La Gomera "tradicional"
90% forastera blanca
192
Mallorca DOs
Pla i Llevant, Binissalem
193
Mallorca white grapes
moll (prensal blanc), moscatel
194
Mallorca red grapes
manto negro (light) - Jose Ferrer, callet (dark) - Anima Negra
195
Why is Graciano gaining popularity in Rioja?
It provides good acidity relative to tempranillo despite the warm climate
196
Rioja permitted grapes
95% authorized varieties (85% if de-stemmed - can be Bordeaux grapes) - Tempranillo, Garnacha, Mazuelo, Graciano, Maturana Tinta
Viura, Malvasia, Garnacha, Verdejo, SB, CH - no min. grape requirements
197
Producers of Rioja blanco
CVNE (fino sherry blended in), Tondonia blanco, Vina Gravonia, Muga,
Castillo Ygay blanco,
Remelluri,
El Coto
198
Tondonia rose aging
4.5 years in barrel
199
'supurao' (Rioja)
sweet, dried grape wine similar to Recioto delle Valpolicella
200
when did the name "Cava" come into use?
1972 - formerly "xampany"
201
Was Codorniu the first sparkling wine from Catalonia?
NO - 1879 Codorniu produced it's first, professor Villanueva's agriculture students were the first to produce in 1872 (and had significant commercial production before Cordonieu)
202
What was the Cordoniu contribution?
Jose Raventos made the first cava based on the three cava grapes
203
Penedes soils
clay, chalk, sand - granite (saulo) in Alella, alluvial in Tarragona
204
High quality Cava producers
Gramona (biodynamic, long aging) - Celler Battle, Enoteca; Recaredo (biodynamic, terroir focus) Turo d'en Mota, Subtil
205
Who makes Grandes Murailles?
Miguel Torres - Conca de Barbera - Carinena/Garnacha
206
What is 'vino de aguja'
semi-sparkling wine
207
Where is Malvasia de Sitges?
Penedes - late harvest vino dulce or vino di licor
208
Pla de Bages specialty
picapoll
209
Tarragona Classico?
Fortified wine
210
High quality Bierzo producers
Palacios, Raul Perez, Dominio de Tares, Pittacum
211
Juan Garcia and Brunal are grapes of what DO
Arribes (Arribes de Duero)
212
Rueda Palido
3 years biological aging
213
Rueda Dorado
4 years, 2 in wood
214
Gran Vino de Rueda
vines over 30 years, lowest yields
215
Top Rueda producers
Riscal, Ossian (not invoking DO - Castilla), Pariente, Naia, Ramon Bilbao
216
Rufete is a major grape of what DO
Sierra de Salamanca (Vinos la Zorra)
217
Prieto Picudo is a major grape of what DO
Tierra de Leon (Pardevalles)
218
Viriejo is a major grape of what DO
Granada
219
What is Malaga 'pajarete'
A traditional style of Málaga (Vino de Licor or Vino Naturalmente Dulce) produced without the addition of arrope
220
What is Malaga 'Lagrima'
A traditional style of Málaga Vino de Licor produced without any mechanical pressing
221
What is Malaga 'Lacrimae Christi'
Lágrima wines aged a min. 2 years in oak
222
What is Malaga Vendimia Asoleada?
Wines produced solely from Pedro Ximénez and/or Moscatel dried through the "soleo" method
223
Is fondillon from Alicante fortified?
NO - it is made from overripe grapes, ferments naturally, and ages for 10+ years in solera
224
What is the grape specialty of Almansa DO
Alicante Bouschet (Garnacha Tintorera)
225
What regions are contained in NW Spain (Green Spain)
Galicia, Asturias, Cantabria, Pais Vasco
226
Top producers of Rias Baixas
DO Ferreiro (Gerardo Mendez), Santiago Ruiz, Pazo de Senorans, Forjas del Salnes, Terras Gauda
227
In the 16th century, Ribeiro was called
Rivadavia - very popular with the English Court
228
"colleiteiro" wines in Ribeiro
produce less than 600 hl/year (60,000L), and it is always estate bottled, own grapes, everything done boutique
229
Who makes As Sortes
Rafael Palacios - Godello
230
Styles of Txakoli
```
Blanco
Rosado
Tinto
Fermentado en Barrica
Espumoso
Vendimia Tardia
```
231
Authorized grapes of Txakoli
Hondarribi Zuri, Gros Manseng (izkiriota), Petit Courbu (ondarrabi zuri zerratia), Riesling, Chardonnay
232
Grapes authorized for Cava
Xarello, Macabeo, Parallada
CH, Subirat Parent (Malvasia)
Trepat, Garnacha, PN, Monastrell
233
# Define “joven”
And “roble”
Joven - aged less than 3 months
Roble - Aged in oak at least 3 months
234
Malvasia de Sitges is a specialty of
Penedes - fortified
235
Min. % authorized grapes for
Rioja Rosado
Ribera Rosado
25%
50%
236
What is the sole DO of the Extramadura?
Sole producer of Cava from here?
Ribera del Guadiana
Bodega Inviosa
237
How long must Rias Baixas "blanco barrica" be aged in oak?
3 months in less than 600L
238
Which 2 Spanish autonomias do not produce any DO wines?
Asturias
| Cantabria
239
What is a venencia?
A tool for drawing sherry samples
