Piemonte Flashcards
1
Q
All DOCG for Dolcetto require what %
A
100%
2
Q
All DOCG white-only of Piemonte require what % of the grape?
A
100%
Gavi,
Erbaluce,
Moscato d’Asti
Other DOCG:
(Roero “Arneis” 95%)
(Terre Alfieri “Arneis” 85%)
3
Q
What are the sottozona (subzones) of Barbera d’Asti Superiore?
A
Tinella,
Colli Astiani
24 mo, 6mo oak, 6mo bottle, 13% abv
4
Q
Which DOCG for barbera imposes the longest aging requirements?
A
Nizza Riserva
30mo, 12mo oak
5
Q
What 3 accessory varieties may make up the remaining 10% of Barbera d’Asti DOCG?
A
freisa,
grignolino,
dolcetto
6
Q
Piemonte synonym for vermentino
A
favorita
7
Q
What is the upper limit of acquired abv for Moscato d’Asti DOCG?
A
max. final 6.5% (4.5% acquired = 11%)
8
Q
True or False, all white wine DOCGs in Piemonte produce sparkling wine?
A
TRUE
9
Q
Who created the modern style of Moscato d’Asti?
A
Giovan Battista Croce - jeweler to the nobles of Savoy - 16th century. The old method was successive filtration through cloth bags and the semi-fermented must would be bottled in winter (finish in bottle with RS).
Destemming and pressing are handled quickly and gently, then the must is kept chilled.
It is later fermented in batches in pressurized tanks. The pressurized tanks and low temperatures help retain CO2.
Before the wine reaches 6.5% abv, it is chilled and or filtered to stop fermentation.
10
Q
Nebbiolo synonyms
A
chiavennesca, spanna, picutener, picotiendro
11
Q
Alta Langa wines must be vintage dated
A
TRUE
12
Q
Moscato d’Asti min. bar?
A
2.5 atm
13
Q
Nervi was recently acquired by
A
Giacomo Conterno - 2018
14
Q
Alto Piemonte umbrella DOC for Ghemme, Sizzano, Boca, Fara
A
Colline Novaresi
15
Q
Umbrella DOC for Gattinara, Bramaterra, Lessonna
A
Coste della Sesia
16
Q
Piemonte most planted red grape? white grape?
A
Barbera, Moscato
17
Q
Gavi DOCG is in what province? (1st white wine DOCG in Piemonte)
A
Alessandria
18
Q
100% dolcetto DOCGs
A
Dolcetto di Ovada Superiore, Diano d’Alba, Dogliani
19
Q
Largest DOCG producer in Italy
A
Asti DOCG - 650,000,000 hl - 260 olympic swimming pools
20
Q
Barbera d’Asti, Barbera del, Ruche di…
A
Asti, Monferrato, Castiglione
21
Q
Best producers of Gattinara
A
Nervi, Antoniolo, Travaglini
22
Q
Best producers of Ghemme
A
Cantalupo, Rovellotti
23
Q
Best producers of Boca
A
Le Piane
24
Q
Best producers of Lessona
A
Colombera & Garella, Sperino
25
Best producers Fara
Boniperti
26
Best producers Sizzano
Villa Guelpa
27
Best producers Carema
Cooperativa
28
Best producers Bramaterra
Le Pianelle, Colombera & Garella
29
Best producers Valtellina
Ar Pe Pe, Nino Negri, Dirupi
30
What is the key to Nebbiolo’s ageability?
dry extract, total acidity, tannins, and alcohol
31
What is the main soil of Roero?
Sandy
32
What are the viti risks of Nebbiolo?
Spring Frost, Autumn Rain - wind & hail
33
What is Sfursat/Sforzato?
Dry passito wine made from Nebbiolo - similar to Amarone (Sandro Fay, Mamete Prevostini, Triacca)
34
Picotendro DOC in Valle d’Aosta?
Donnas (Produttori Donnas)
35
Best terroirs for Nebbiolo?
Diagonal line through the city of Barolo from NW to SE:
```
Rocche dell’Annunziata, Brunate, Cerequio (La MORRA),
Cannubi (BAROLO),
Rocche di Castiglione (CASTIGLIONE),
Bussia (MONFORTE),
Vigna Rionda, Falleto (SERRALUNGA)
```
36
What is the stylistic difference between Barbera d’Alba and d’Asti?
Alba Barbera is plump, juicy, and lush,
| Asti Barbera is savory, mineral, and structured
37
2 DOCs that use Nebbiolo
```
Carema,
Boca,
Fara,
Bramaterra,
Langhe,
Lessona,
Sizzano
```
38
Recent heatwave in Barolo?
2017
39
Angelo Gaja bottlings ’96-’13 wines were labelled as?
because of 5% barbera - Langhe DOC
| Sori Tilden, Sperss, Sori San Lorenzo, Dagromis
40
Bruno Giacosa did not make wine in which recent vintages?
2006 - Bruno’s passing, 2010 - winemaker issues
41
Produttori bottlings
```
Asili,
Rabaja,
Ovello,
Montestefano,
Montefico
```
42
Martinenga - separate bottling
Marchese di Gresi, Gajun and Campro
43
Who makes Monfortino Barolo?
Roberto Conterno (Giacomo) sourced from the Cascina Francia vineyard in Serra Lunga d’Alba
44
Minimum required elevation for vineyards used to make Barolo DOCG?
170 meters
45
Tributaries of Tanaro which run through Barolo
Tanaro -
talloria dell’annunziata,
talloria di castiglione
46
Nebbiolo clones, Nebbiolo rose separate variety (elvio cogno - riserva vigna elena)
Bolla (overabundant yield - no longer allowed),
Lampia (DEPENDABLE - most planted - balanced profile),
Mischet (BEST - virus-affected, small bunches - low yield, high phenolics),
Rose (different genotype - high sugar and acid, low phenolics and color but highly perfumed)
47
3 Communes located entirely in Barolo DOCG
Barolo, Castiglione Falletto, Serralunga d’Alba
48
Other communes of Barolo (outside of Barolo, Castiglione, Serralunga) - 11 total
La Morra, Novello, Monforte d’Alba, Diano d’Alba, Verduno, Grinzane Cavour, Cherasco, Roddi
49
Boschi di Beri
La Morra, 150 yr old pre-phylloxera dolcetto vines, Marcarini
50
Best vintages for Barolo in the 1970s?
1970,
1971 (good in burgundy),
1979 (good in burgundy)
51
Best 90’s vintages for Barolo
1990,
1996,
1999
52
Best 00’s vintages for Barolo
```
2004,
2005,
2006,
2007,
2008
```
53
Best 80’s vintages for Barolo
1989, 1985, 1982
54
Best Crus of Verduno
Monvigliero (Burlotto, Alessandria,)
55
La Morra - best vineyards
Brunate (Altare, Marcarini, Voerzio, Giuseppe Rinaldi “Brunate Le Coste”),
Cerequio (Voerzio),
Rocche del’Annunziata (Corino, Paolo Scavino, Voerzio)
56
Barolo - best vineyards
Cannubi (E. Pira, Bartolo Mascarello),
Cannubi Boschis (Luciano Sandrone), Sarmassa (Voerzio)
57
Novello - best vineyards
Ravera (Elvio Cogno - “Bricco Pernice”, GD Vajra, Vietti)
58
Castiglione Falletto
Monprivato (Giuseppe Mascarello),
Rocche di Castiglione (Brovia, Vietti),
Villero (Montezemolo, Bruno Giacosa, Vietti)
59
Monforte d’Alba - best vineyards
Ginestra (Domenico Clerico, Elio Grasso),
Bussia - massive (see sub areas),
Mosconi (E. Pira, Conterno, Clerico),
(Santo Stefano di) Perno (Giuseppe Mascarello, Rocche dei Manzoni)
60
Serralunga d’Alba - best vineyards
Vigna Rionda (Massolino, Bruno Giacosa, Fratelli Oddero),
Falletto (Bruno Giacosa),
Francia (Conterno “Monfortino”)
Brea (Brovia),
Cerretta (Conterno, Altare, Giovanni Rosso, Luigi Baudana)
Lazzarito (Vietti)
61
Bussia - best parts
```
Cicala (Aldo Conterno),
Romirasco (Aldo Conterno),
Pianpolvere Soprano (Giacomo Fennocchio)
```
62
Mascarello only uses one clone ?
Mischet
63
Monopole from Giacomo Conterno?
Francia - Monfortino (Serralunga)
64
Bartolo Mascarello’s political statement
No barrique, no Berlusconi - cappello sommerso - submersed cap
65
Barolo min % coming from an MGA?
100%
66
Moscato d’Asti sweetness
90-110 g/L; Asti (70-90)
67
max abv for Moscato d’Asti
6.5% max; 11% potential
68
True or False, most Asti wines undergo a single fermentation
True! - exception of metodo classico
69
True or False, Moscato d’Asti is the more commercial product than Asti Spumante?
False! Asti spumante is fully sparkling and off-dry and dominated by big firms like Martini & Rossi and Cinzano;
Moscato d’Asti is lightly fizzy and more artisanal
70
True or False, Asti is Italy’s largest production appellation by volume?
FALSE #4 after 1) Prosecco DOC 2) Delle Venezie 3) Chianti DOCG
71
What methods are allowed to make Asti spumante?
Charmat OR “metodo classico” (less common because it is more expensive and obscures the delicate aromas of moscato bianco)
72
What is the historical style of Asti wines?
Passito
73
Who is responsible for the rise in popularity of sparkling Asti?
Carlo Gancia in 1870 - brought the champagne method back from champagne
74
Moscato d’Asti became popular when?
Subsequent to WWII
75
Where are Moscato vines planted in Asti?
Only on hillsides, prohibited on valley floor and plains
76
Differences in Moscato d’Asti styles?
Langhe hills - more aromatic;
| Monferrato hills - richer in body
77
Who invented the tank method for sparkling wine?
Frederico Martinotti - 1895
78
Who perfected the tank method?
Eugene Charmat - 1907 (Stainless Steel)
79
What techniques are employed to preserve freshness and aroma in moscato d’Asti?
Sterile Filtration and Temperature control
80
True or False, Most Moscato d’Asti is Vintage?
FALSE! most Asti Spumante is non-vintage, they use must from successive harvests is usually blended for consistency of product; Moscato d’Asti IS best young and is bottled at different points during the year
81
Town at the heart of Moscato d’Asti which is also a legal sub zone requiring 100% moscato bianco, also a synonym
Canelli
82
What is the Asti encepagement?
min. 97% moscato bianco with other aromatic varieties
83
Producers of Moscato d’Asti?
```
Ca d'Gal (Lu and Matteo's fave),
Vietti,
Saracco,
GD Vajra,
Elio Perrone,
Oddero,
La Spinetta
```
84
What is the main climatic difference between Barolo and Barbaresco?
Barbaresco is closer to the Tanaro, ripens earlier - milder climate
85
Most common vine training in Barolo
Guyot
86
Arborio Rice is mainly produced where?
Po River Valley
87
What is the only DOCG in Piemonte for both red and white wine?
Roero,
| Terra d’Alfieri
88
Classic pasta from Langhe and Monferrato hills?
Agnolotti del plin - small rectangular and filled with braised meat, in a butter or broth based sauce
89
Famous Alba cheese?
Bra - raw cow’s milk (aged 6 months to 2 years)
90
What is Bagna Cauda?
hot dipping sauce with anchovies and garlic emulsified in oil
91
Brasato al Barolo
Beef braised in Barolo (Bourguinon style)
92
Carne Cruda
Sliced or Ground raw beef with lemon, olive oil, truffles or charred mushrooms
93
Salsiccia di Bra
Eaten raw with lemon juice
94
Castelmagno
flaky, nutty cheese made from raw cow’s milk - semi-hard but can be melted for pasta and risotto
95
Tajarin
egg pasta with high ration of egg yolks - fine strands - usually with meat ragout or sage and butter
96
Toma Piemontese
soft ripened but pasteurized, with a porcini flavor (similar to camembert and brie)
97
Tomini
Fresh cow or goat’s milk cheese marinated in olive oil with pepper, herbs, garlic - antipasti
98
When is truffle season?
October/November
99
Where is the center of Vermouth production in Italy?
Torino - Antonio Benedetti Carpano - original formula in 1786 had wormwood
100
What is typically the first variety to bud break in Piedmont?
Nebbiolo
101
Modern Barolo was conceived when?
1844 - as a dry, still wine - the Count of Cavour (Camillo Benso) enlisted Louis Oudart - closed vats, large barrels, sulfur additions, glass bottles
102
First vintners to Estate Bottle in Barolo
Cavalotto,
| Bartolo Mascarello
103
First vineyard designated wines?
1960’s - Gaja, Prunotto, Giacosa
104
Very first vineyard designated wine?
Marcarini - 1958 Brunate
105
How many DOCGs in Italy and DOCG’s are in Piemonte?
42, 18 - highest in Italy
106
Most recent DOCG in Piemonte?
Terre d’Alfieri - 2020 - for arneis and nebbiolo
107
T or F IGT category does not exist in Piemonte
True! Must declassify to “vino”
108
Umbrella DOC’s of Langhe allowing for multiple varietal wines?
Langhe; Canavese
109
Where is Erbaluce grown?
Caluso commune in Alto Piemonte
| Dora Baltea flows here before joining Po
110
Grignolino
Monferrato (Casalese) and Asti
111
Freisa
Asti and Turin
112
Ruche
Castagnole Monferrato (near Asti)
113
Pelaverga
Verduno
114
Brachetto
d’Acqui
115
Vespolina
Alto Piemonte
116
Uva Rara
Alto Piemonte
117
Croatina
Alto Piemonte
118
Alto Piemonte Geography
Novara and Vercelli hills
119
Which appellation has the longest history with quality nebbiolo?
Gattinara - “spanna” - one hands span off the ground - Greek training method
120
2 Powerhouses of production in Piedmont
Langhe (Barolo & Barbaresco) in Alba;
| Monferrato (Asti)
121
Po River valley is located between what mountain chains?
Alps to NW, Appenines to SE
122
Italian Unification ‘Resorgimento’ was initiated when and where?
1861 in Turin - the parliament of Savoy proclaims the Kingdom of Italy
123
True or False, Barolo accounts for only 10% of the vines in Piedmont
True!
124
True or False, 70% of Piemontese vines are Moscato, Barbera, Dolcetto
True!
125
True or False, Cortese and Arneis are the most planted white grapes in Piemonte for dry white wines?
False - Chardonnay (for sparkling)
126
Which winery pioneered Cortese di Gavi? Other producers?
La Scolca; Enrico Serafino
127
What is Piemonte’s largest red wine appellation by volume?
Barbera d’Asti
128
What are the sottozona (subzones) of Barbera d’Asti superiore?
Tinella, Colli Astiani,
| 24 mo, 6mo oak, 6mo bottle, 13% abv
129
100% dolcetto DOCGs
Dolcetto di Ovada Superiore, Diano d’Alba, Dogliani Piemonte
130
Only Monopole Cru in Barbaresco?
Martinenga - Marchesi di Gresy
131
Communi di Barbaresco
Barbaresco,
Neive,
Treiso,
San Rocco Seno d’Elvio (Alba)
132
Largest Cru of Barbaresco
Ovello
133
In what cru are contained Sori Tilden and Coste Russi?
Roncagliette (Babaresco)
134
Crus of Neive
```
Albesani,
Gallina,
Cotta,
Cura,
Fausoni,
Serraboella
```
135
Crus of Treiso
Pajore,
Nervo,
Rombone
136
Where is Falleto estate?
In Serralunga d’Alba - purchased by Giacosa in 1982;
| wine made from Serralunga, La Morra, and parts of Barbaresco
137
Top producers of Barbaresco
Gaja, Giacosa (Falletto) , Produttori, Roagna, Sottimano, Cigliutti, La Spinetta, Cerretto
138
What type of soil is in Barbaresco?
Tortonian - clay with more silt and sand than in Barolo
139
DOC Colli Tortonesi grape?
Timorasso
140
DOCG in Piemonte with highest oak elevage?
Gattinara Riserva (36 months)
141
5 DOC for Nebbiolo in Piemonte
Carema, Lessona, Sizzano, Boca, Fara
142
Gaja and Ray - grape variety and appellation
$250 (chardonnay - Langhe DOC)
143
Most planted commune in Barolo?
La Morra
144
Cannubi appendages
Boschis, Valeta, Moscatel, San Lorenzo
145
min. % spanna in Gattinara and Ghemme
90% Gattinara (Vespolina and Bonarda),
85% Ghemme (blending partners - Uva Rara and Vespolina)
146
Erbaluce di Caluso styles
bianco seco, traditional method spumante (15 months on the lees), passito
147
Sori San Lorenzo (Gaja) is located in what Barbaresco Cru?
| Other Gaja bottlings located where?
Coste Russi, Sori Tilden
Secondine;
Rongcagliette
148
```
Santo Stefano (Giacosa) Barbaresco Cru
is located where?
```
Albesani in Neive
149
Aging for Barbaresco and Riserva
26, 50 - 9 months oak
150
Barolo
38, 62 - 18 months oak
151
Alta Langa aging requirements
Elevation requirement?
30, 36 riserva - always vintage - 9 month sur lie
250 meters altitude
152
First single vineyard Moscato d’Asti?
La Spinetta from Bricco Quaglia
153
Alta Langa DOCG requirements, uvaggio
Vintage-dated, traditional method sparkling,
30 months total aging,
9 months sur lie
(Riserva = 36 months);
90% PN and/or CH
154
Cappello Sommerso
Submerged Cap- for extended maceration
155
Cardamaro base flavor
Cardoon (artichoke thistle)
156
5 crus made by Produttori del Barbaresco (of 9 total)
Ovello, Asili, Rabaja, Pora, Moccagatta, Montefico, Paje, Rio Sordo, Montestefano
157
Official subzone of Langhe
Novello - for Nascetta
158
Gaja “Dagromis”
Blend of Serralunga and La Morra fruit
159
Gaja “Darmaggi” based on what grape?
“Dommage” - Cabernet Sauvignon - planted Cab in a site slated for Nebbiolo
160
Sabje Astiani soil?
Sandy - poor water retention - central Monferrato (banks of Tanaro)
161
Gavi DOCG % Cortese?
100% cortese
162
First DOCG to have unofficial MGA’s?
Diano d’Alba - 1930s (Boschi di Beri)
163
MGA’s were officially established in what year?
2007
164
How many MGA’s are there in Barbaresco?
66 - each may contain a “Vigna” - single vineyard name
165
Barbaresco communi differences in wine style?
Barbaresco - balanced and complex;
Neive - firm tannins;
Treiso - perfume and elegance (high elevation and sandier soil)
166
MGA’s of Barbaresco
Asili,
Rabaja,
Rio Sordo,
Montestefano
167
MGA’s of Neive
Albesani,
| Gallina
168
MGA’s of Treiso
Nervo,
| Pajore
169
What 2 DOCG’s does Dolcetto d’Alba encompass?
Barolo and Barbaresco
170
What geographical feature separates west from east in the Roero Hills?
Rocche - rocky cliffs running SW -> NE;
alluvial clay soils (arneis) in west,
sandy soils in the east (nebbiolo)
171
What is unique to Nebbiolo grown in Carema?
The vines are trained on pergolas - min. 85% picutener
172
Barbera grown in the Barolo and Barbaresco zones is labeled as…
Barbera d’Alba
173
What are the possible styles of Erbaluce di Caluso?
passito, dry still, and spumante (producer - Ferrando)
174
What is Dogliani DOCG?
100% Dolcetto wines from high elevation Langhe hills - normale and superior (producer - Raineri)
175
What is Diano d’Alba DOCG?
100% Dolcetto wines from the hilltop commune of Diano d’Alba - normale and superiore (producer - Alario Claudio)
176
What are the possible styles of Brachetto d’Acqui?
frizzante, spumante, and passito (producer - Braida)
177
What are the possible styles of Alta Langa DOCG?
Vintage-dated spumante, rosato, riserva
178
What is the min. % nebbiolo for Barolo and Barbaresco?
100%
179
First vintage made by the Cantine Sociale di Barbaresco?
1894
180
French region that shares border with Piedmont?
Provence/Liguria
181
DOCG Nebbiolo
Barolo, Barbaresco, Gattinara, Ghemme. Roero
182
Most planted red and white grapes?
barbera, moscato bianco
183
How long must a DOC be in existence before DOCG
5 years
184
Bruno Giacosa
Notable Barbarescos and Barolos?
The Giacosa red-label Riservas are particularly legendary in the Langhe and are some of the top wines of all of Italy. They are generally only produced a few times each decade.
Most notable Barbaresco wines:
○Albesani Santo Stefano
○Asili
○Rabaja
Most notable Barolo wines:
○Falletto
○Collina Rionda (1967-1993)
He previously purchased all of his fruit for the Barolo wines from local growers until he began to acquire his own vineyards, starting in 1982.
