Meiosis Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is meiosis?
Meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in four haploid cells.
True or False: Meiosis occurs in somatic cells.
False: Meiosis occurs in germ (sex) cells.
What is the purpose of meiosis?
The purpose of meiosis is to produce gametes for sexual reproduction.
How many stages are there in meiosis?
There are two main stages in meiosis: meiosis I and meiosis II.
Fill in the blank: During meiosis I, homologous chromosomes are separated during __________.
anaphase I.
What is crossing over and when does it occur?
Crossing over is the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes that occurs during prophase I.
In which stage do tetrads form?
Tetrads form during prophase I.
What is the end result of meiosis I?
The end result of meiosis I is two haploid cells, each with half the number of chromosomes.
True or False: Meiosis II is similar to mitosis.
True: Meiosis II resembles mitosis in that sister chromatids are separated.
What happens during metaphase II?
During metaphase II, chromosomes line up at the cell’s equatorial plane.
What is the final outcome of meiosis?
The final outcome of meiosis is four genetically diverse haploid gametes.
Multiple Choice: Which stage of meiosis is characterized by the separation of sister chromatids? A) Meiosis I B) Meiosis II C) Both
B) Meiosis II
What is the significance of genetic diversity in meiosis?
Genetic diversity is significant because it enhances variation in a population, which can improve adaptability.
Fill in the blank: The process of meiosis results in __________ gametes.
haploid.
What occurs during anaphase II?
During anaphase II, sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell.
What stage does independent assortment happen in?
Metaphase I
What is spermatogenesis?
When all 4 haploid cells become sperm
What is oogenesis
In women only one of the haploid cells goes to become an egg
The other 3 are polar body
Crossing over
When non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes exchange genetic information, results in a new combination of genes
What happens to a zygote after fertilisation
A diploid with 22 pairs of homologous chromosome + one pair of sex chromosome
Main objective of meiosis in regard to chromosomes
Recombine genetic materials and reduce chromosome number by half
