Meiosis Flashcards
(15 cards)
1
Q
Haploid
A
- containing one set of chromosomes
- AKA gametes
2
Q
Diploid
A
- cells containing two sets of chromosomes
- AKA somatic cells
3
Q
Stages of Meiosis
A
- Prophase I
- Metaphase I
- Anaphase I
- Telophase I
- Cytokinesis
- Prophase II
- Metaphase II
- Anaphase II
- Telophase II
- Cytokinesis
4
Q
Prophase I
A
- chromosomes condense and spindles form from centrioles.
- synapsis occurs between homologous chromosomes.
- crossing over occurs
- nuclear membrane breaks down
5
Q
Metaphase I
A
- pairs of homologous pairs line up along the equatorial plate, randomly (independant assortment)
6
Q
Anaphase I
A
- spindle fibres contact, one member of each homologous pair moves to opposite poles of the cell
7
Q
Telophase I
A
- chromosomes become less condensed, two new nuclear membrane are formed
8
Q
Cytokinesis I
A
- two new haploid cells are formed
- chromosomes are still double-stranded (46)
9
Q
Prophase II
A
- chromosomes condense.
- nuclear membrane breaks down
- spindle fibres form on the centrioles
10
Q
Metaphase II
A
- chromosomes line up along the cells equatorial plate
- spindly fibres attach to the centromeres of the chromosomes
- (NO HOMOLOGOUS PAIRS)
11
Q
Anaphase II
A
- sister chromatids disjoin when spindle fibres contract
- chromatids migrate to opposite poles of the cells
12
Q
Telophase II
A
- chromosomes become less condensed
- two new nuclear membranes are formed
13
Q
Cytokinesis II
A
- four haploid gametes that are genetically different are formed
- chromosomes are now single-stranded (23)
14
Q
Independant Assortment
A
- happens during meiosis I
- homologous pairs line up randomly at the equatorial plate
- important for genetic diversity
15
Q
Crossing over
A
- occurs during prophase I of meiosis
- the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes
