Membrane transportation

Question 1

What are the three common characteristics of passive transport

Answer 1

• cells use no energy
• molecules move randomly
• spread from areas of high concentration to low

Question 2

What is diffusion

Answer 2

• the movement of molecules from areas of high [ ] to low
• passive
• generally speaking, only small, uncharged particles can diffuse across the membrane

Question 3

What is facilitated diffusion

Answer 3

• uses carrier protein to love large molecules across the cell membrane
• passive
• the movement of molecules from areas of high [ ] to low

Question 4

what is osmosis

Answer 4

the movement of water
- uses aquaporins (transport protein) to move polar substance across the bilayer

Question 5

What is isotonic

Answer 5

• the salt concentration inside the cell is the same as the salt concentration outside of the cell
• the amount of H2O leaving the cell is the same amount going in because water follows the salt

Question 6

What is hypotonic

Answer 6

the salt concentration inside the cell is more than the salt concentration outside the cell
- the H2O moves from the environment into the cell

Question 7

What is hypertonic

Answer 7

• the salt concentration inside the cell is less then the salt concentration outside the cell
• H2O moves out of the cell into the surrounding environment

Question 8

What are protein pumps in active transportaion

Answer 8

• uses carrier proteins and it move molecules against the concentration gradient, therefore, it requires energy
• ATP molecules provide the protein with the energy it needs to drive the active transport

Question 9

Endocytosis

Answer 9

• used to move large molecules into the cell
• requires energy and can be used ti move moleculse with or again the [ ] gradient

Question 10

What are the three types of Endocytosis

Answer 10

• pinocytosis
• phagocytosis
• receptor-assisted Endocytosis

Question 11

what is pinocytosis

Answer 11

move small particles of extracellular fluid and disolved particle into the cell

Question 12

What is phagocytosis

Answer 12

moves large droplets of extracellular fluid along with the large particles

Question 13

What is receptor-assisted Endocytosis

Answer 13

• specific molecules attract to protein receptors on the cell membrane and this triggeres the intake of the molecules via Endocytosis
• the proteins and molecules bond together like a key and a lock

Question 14

What is exocytosis

Answer 14

• used for moving large particles out of the cell
• requires energy and can be used to move moleculse with or against the [ ] gradient
• EX. hormones, waste, etc