Memory

Question 1

Bottleneck

Answer 1

7 is the maximum number of things we can hold in our head at the same time that aren’t associated with one another

-Cadence makes it easier

Question 2

4 Steps of Memory

Answer 2

External Input
Encoding
Storage
Retrieval

Question 3

Encoding

Answer 3

Sensory = iconic, echoic, happens quickly, residual activity, fraction of a moment, carried over from one stimulation to another, designed to grab attention and turn your eyes

Semantic = encoding sensory input that has a meaning or can be applied to a particular context

Question 4

Storage

Answer 4

1) Sensory/Semantic Stimulus
2) Attention Feature Extraction - “What’s the message?”
3) Short-term Memory - Goes in, lasts 30 seconds unless you do something to it
4) Rehearsal Chunking - repeating, making pattern, giving structure to remember
5) Long-term Memory - Information that lasts extended period of time

Question 5

Retrieval

Answer 5

Episodic = Unique to us alone, who you are, your memory, autobiography, events of our own lives that only we know

Semantic = Factual memory that others have too and we share with them Ex) English language, general history, mathematics rules

Procedural = Memory for movement, physical coordination of systems coherently, usually non-verbal Ex) Dancing, singing, bicycling

Question 6

Failure of Retrieval

Answer 6

Failure of Retrieval = Forgetting, happens for two reasons: decay or interference.

Decay = Gradual fading away of memory, often with short-term

Interference = Memories are still intact but newer memories interfere with retrieval of older memories
(Retroactive & Proactive)